scholarly journals Matching of muscle properties and motoneurone firing patterns during early stages of development

1985 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vrbova ◽  
R. Navarrete ◽  
M. Lowrie
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Fibre Properties ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Further Development

In adults, muscle fibres match the functional requirements of the motoneurone that supplies them. During early stages of postnatal development of the rat neither muscle fibre properties, nor activity patterns of motoneurones supplying fast and slow muscles have completed their differentiation. Nevertheless, even at this early stage of development the muscles have characteristic properties that are well matched to the activity patterns of immature motoneurones. With further development differentiation of motoneurone activity and muscle fibre properties goes hand in hand. If during this period of linked differentiation, connections between the motoneurones and muscle fibres are disrupted, the development of fast muscles is permanently impaired.

scholarly journals THE CHROMOSOMES OF TURKEY EMBRYOS DURING EARLY STAGES OF PARTHENOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko Harada ◽  
Edward G Buss
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Cleavage Division ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Parthenogenetic Development ◽  
Polyploid Cells ◽  
Cell Proportion ◽  
Parthenogenetic Embryos

ABSTRACT In the early stages of parthenogenetic development in turkey eggs, many blastoderms are mosaics of haploid, diploid and polyploid cells. The genome composition of these blastoderms can be identified by C-banding. They may be generally described as either A-Z/2A-ZZ/nA-nZ or A-W/2A-WW/nA-nW and are found in a nearly 1:1 ratio. The blastoderms showing the W body (W  +) become lethal within two days of incubation. The haploid cell proportion decreases rapidly during the early stage of development, and, as haploid cells decrease, the proportion of polyploid cells appears to increase. At six days of incubation, various kinds of parthenogenetic development can be observed. Their genome compositions are either diploid (2A-ZZ) or mosaic (A-Z/2A-ZZ). These findings suggest that diploid parthenogenesis occurs by either suppression of meiosis II or chromosome doubling some time after the first cleavage division. The frequent occurrence of mosaic blastoderms indicates that the majority, if not all, of the parthenogenetic embryos initiate their development in haploid ova.

scholarly journals Evaluation of information by early stages innovative projects using colorographic images

E-Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
E. I. Konchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Business Angels ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development

It is impossible to imagine the development of high-tech sectors of the Russian economy without the emergence and active growth of a large number of small innovative enterprises that create and promote demanded competitive goods and services on the Russian and international markets. The development of this type of company often requires the attraction of so-called “comfortable” venture capital. The main source of such capital in the early stages of development of small innovative companies is business angels. However, the evaluation of innovative projects at an early stage of development and the decision-making of business angels about investing is a rather time-consuming process, involving the analysis and systematization of a huge amount of information.The article proposes 56 criteria for evaluating innovative projects of early stages of development. The criteria have been divided into 8 groups specific to the evaluation of projects. These criteria typically use grading scales. The most commonly used are 10-point, 5-point, 100-point rating scales and 0…1 scale.It was proposed to evaluate innovative projects of the early stages of development not only according to the rating scale, but also using colors. Red (for negative assessments) and blue (for positive assessments) colors gradients have been used in the article. An example of constructing a colorographic map based on a fictional innovative project has been adduced. The developed colorographic maps will allow the investor to evaluate visually the information on the investment application submitted for consideration using a two-dimensional image (this is essentially a table).The visualization of project estimates in the form of a colored octahedron has been presented. In constructing the octahedron, red, blue and white (no grade) gradients were also used. Each face of the octahedron corresponds to a group of criteria of this project. The criteria in the group are located in such a way that when reflected on the plane they will be located closer to the center of the octahedron. Thus, in the case of saturated color of the center of the octahedron, the project can receive either an excellent, or unsatisfactory rating. This visualization of the project can be useful if you need to analyze each group of criteria separately.

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility and Science Social Responsibility – In Search of Analogy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1/2020 (32) ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Marcin Żemigała ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Bibliographic Database ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Further Development

The aim of the article is to identify the analogy between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and science social responsibility (SSR) on the basis of scientific research. Five research questions were formulated regarding trends in research in these two areas. Data for analyzes were obtained from the global bibliographic database Scopus and related to scientific articles from 1937 to 2019. The main analogies were identified. Scientific research in both areas began in the same period and is carried out mainly in social and management sciences. However, discrepancies have also been identified. Research on CSR has developed far more than SSR, which is still at an early stage of development. Research on CSR is conducted in leading countries in the scientific and academic arena, and SSR rather in countries entering it. CSR has knowledge sharing platforms in the form of reputable, profiled journals, while SSR research is published in journals of lower reputation and with general rather than strictly SSR profiles. Research in the field of CSR is detailed and more often cited, while those related to SSR are general and less frequently cited. After all, research from both areas seems to be promising and worth further development.

scholarly journals Municipal and University Social Partnership in Latvia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baiba Rivza
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Social Partnerships ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Further Development

The key tasks of higher education are to provide a study process of high quality to prepare professionals according to the market requirements and to create new knowledge and transfer it to the national economy to foster the development of society. Higher education institutions can fulfill these requirements only in cooperation with various other institutions. Nowadays, the further development of this cooperation requires viewing it in a broader sense "“ in the aspect of the partnership. The paper mainly examines social partnerships between local governments and higher educational institutions to contribute to tackling common problems and reconciling interests, which is a significant precondition for regional development. In Latvia, social partnership is at the early stage of development. The overall aim of the paper is to examine theoretical findings and, based on them, to identify the views and recommendations of local governments regarding balancing the performance of regional higher education institutions (HEI) and the needs of society. The first part of the paper reviews the theoretical aspects of social partnership and analyses the possibilities to use social partnerships in regions. The second part focuses on the present situation in the regions and describes best practices of social partnership and the development trends in social partnership in Latvia's regions.

Direct involvement of a lamin-B-related (54 kDa) protein in the association of intermediate filaments with the postsynaptic membrane of the Torpedo marmorata electrocyte

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
A. Cartaud ◽  
B.J. Jasmin ◽  
J.P. Changeux ◽  
J. Cartaud
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Postsynaptic Membrane ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Motor Innervation ◽  
Torpedo Marmorata ◽  
Lamin B ◽  
Stage Of Development

Mechanisms by which motor innervation induces postsynaptic membrane differentiation and functional compartmentalization of the subneural sarcoplasm in skeletal muscle fibres are still poorly understood. However, transmembrane control of cytoskeletal activities by the nerve terminal may be considered. Here, we examine several properties of a 54 kDa protein, previously identified in the postsynaptic membrane of the Torpedo marmorata electrocyte with anti-lamin B antibodies, in order to study its role in the assembly of the subneural intermediate filament meshwork. Using a ligand blot assay, we show that this protein binds desmin, a type III intermediate filaments protein, at micromolar concentrations. Moreover, purified acetylcholine receptor-rich membrane fragments are able to generate arrays of desmin filaments in vitro. Immunofluorescence experiments indicate that the 54 kDa protein becomes associated with the acetylcholine receptor-rich membrane at an early stage of development of the electrocyte, and that a polarized desmin network develops concomitantly from the postsynaptic membrane. Taken together, these data show that, like karyoskeletal lamin B, the 54 kDa protein is involved in the organization of the subneural intermediate filament meshwork. Control of the assembly of the subneural cytoskeleton by components of the postsynaptic membrane may thus be a prerequisite for the functional compartmentalization of the muscle fibre triggered by motor innervation.

The Application of UX Research in New Energy Vehicle Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghan TAO ◽  
Ning XIAO ◽  
Xingfu ZHAO ◽  
Wenbin LIU
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Energy Vehicle ◽  
The One ◽  
New Energy Vehicles ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

New energy vehicles(NEV) as a new thing for sustainable development, in China, on the one hand has faced the rapid expansion of the market; the other hand, for the new NEV users, the current NEVs cannot keep up with the degree of innovation. This paper demonstrates the reasons for the existence of this systematic challenge, and puts forward the method of UX research which is different from the traditional petrol vehicles research in the early stage of development, which studies from the user's essence level, to form the innovative product programs which meet the needs of users and being real attractive.

scholarly journals Learning health systems in primary care: a systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Nash ◽  
Zohra Bhimani ◽  
Jennifer Rayner ◽  
Merrick Zwarenstein
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Integrated Health ◽  
Google Search

Abstract Background Learning health systems have been gaining traction over the past decade. The purpose of this study was to understand the spread of learning health systems in primary care, including where they have been implemented, how they are operating, and potential challenges and solutions. Methods We completed a scoping review by systematically searching OVID Medline®, Embase®, IEEE Xplore®, and reviewing specific journals from 2007 to 2020. We also completed a Google search to identify gray literature. Results We reviewed 1924 articles through our database search and 51 articles from other sources, from which we identified 21 unique learning health systems based on 62 data sources. Only one of these learning health systems was implemented exclusively in a primary care setting, where all others were integrated health systems or networks that also included other care settings. Eighteen of the 21 were in the United States. Examples of how these learning health systems were being used included real-time clinical surveillance, quality improvement initiatives, pragmatic trials at the point of care, and decision support. Many challenges and potential solutions were identified regarding data, sustainability, promoting a learning culture, prioritization processes, involvement of community, and balancing quality improvement versus research. Conclusions We identified 21 learning health systems, which all appear at an early stage of development, and only one was primary care only. We summarized and provided examples of integrated health systems and data networks that can be considered early models in the growing global movement to advance learning health systems in primary care.

scholarly journals Open Research Data and Open Peer Review: Perceptions of a Medical and Health Sciences Community in Greece

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Eirini Delikoura ◽  
Dimitrios Kouis
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
To Receive

Recently significant initiatives have been launched for the dissemination of Open Access as part of the Open Science movement. Nevertheless, two other major pillars of Open Science such as Open Research Data (ORD) and Open Peer Review (OPR) are still in an early stage of development among the communities of researchers and stakeholders. The present study sought to unveil the perceptions of a medical and health sciences community about these issues. Through the investigation of researchers` attitudes, valuable conclusions can be drawn, especially in the field of medicine and health sciences, where an explosive growth of scientific publishing exists. A quantitative survey was conducted based on a structured questionnaire, with 179 valid responses. The participants in the survey agreed with the Open Peer Review principles. However, they ignored basic terms like FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and appeared incentivized to permit the exploitation of their data. Regarding Open Peer Review (OPR), participants expressed their agreement, implying their support for a trustworthy evaluation system. Conclusively, researchers need to receive proper training for both Open Research Data principles and Open Peer Review processes which combined with a reformed evaluation system will enable them to take full advantage of the opportunities that arise from the new scholarly publishing and communication landscape.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document