Evaluation of information by early stages innovative projects using colorographic images

It is impossible to imagine the development of high-tech sectors of the Russian economy without the emergence and active growth of a large number of small innovative enterprises that create and promote demanded competitive goods and services on the Russian and international markets. The development of this type of company often requires the attraction of so-called “comfortable” venture capital. The main source of such capital in the early stages of development of small innovative companies is business angels. However, the evaluation of innovative projects at an early stage of development and the decision-making of business angels about investing is a rather time-consuming process, involving the analysis and systematization of a huge amount of information.The article proposes 56 criteria for evaluating innovative projects of early stages of development. The criteria have been divided into 8 groups specific to the evaluation of projects. These criteria typically use grading scales. The most commonly used are 10-point, 5-point, 100-point rating scales and 0…1 scale.It was proposed to evaluate innovative projects of the early stages of development not only according to the rating scale, but also using colors. Red (for negative assessments) and blue (for positive assessments) colors gradients have been used in the article. An example of constructing a colorographic map based on a fictional innovative project has been adduced. The developed colorographic maps will allow the investor to evaluate visually the information on the investment application submitted for consideration using a two-dimensional image (this is essentially a table).The visualization of project estimates in the form of a colored octahedron has been presented. In constructing the octahedron, red, blue and white (no grade) gradients were also used. Each face of the octahedron corresponds to a group of criteria of this project. The criteria in the group are located in such a way that when reflected on the plane they will be located closer to the center of the octahedron. Thus, in the case of saturated color of the center of the octahedron, the project can receive either an excellent, or unsatisfactory rating. This visualization of the project can be useful if you need to analyze each group of criteria separately.

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Slow Motion Analysis of Repetitive Tapping (SMART) Test: Measuring Bradykinesia in Recently Diagnosed Parkinson’s Disease and Idiopathic Anosmia

Journal of Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.3233/jpd-212683 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Cristina Simonet ◽

Miquel A. Galmes ◽

Christian Lambert ◽

Richard N. Rees ◽

Tahrina Haque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Early Stage ◽

Slow Motion ◽

Motor Dysfunction ◽

Prodromal Phase ◽

Floor Effect ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Early Stages

Background: Bradykinesia is the defining motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). There are limitations to its assessment using standard clinical rating scales, especially in the early stages of PD when a floor effect may be observed. Objective: To develop a quantitative method to track repetitive tapping movements and to compare people in the early stages of PD, healthy controls, and individuals with idiopathic anosmia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 99 participants (early-stage PD = 26, controls = 64, idiopathic anosmia = 9). For each participant, repetitive finger tapping was recorded over 20 seconds using a smartphone at 240 frames per second. From each video, amplitude between fingers, frequency (number of taps per second), and velocity (distance travelled per second) was extracted. Clinical assessment was based on the motor section of the MDS-UPDRS. Results: People in the early stage of PD performed the task with slower velocity (p < 0.001) and with greater frequency slope than controls (p = 0.003). The combination of reduced velocity and greater frequency slope obtained the best accuracy to separate early-stage PD from controls based on metric thresholds alone (AUC = 0.88). Individuals with anosmia exhibited slower velocity (p = 0.001) and smaller amplitude (p < 0.001) compared with controls. Conclusion: We present a simple, proof-of-concept method to detect early motor dysfunction in PD. Mean tap velocity appeared to be the best parameter to differentiate patients with PD from controls. Patients with anosmia also showed detectable differences in motor performance compared with controls which may suggest that some are in the prodromal phase of PD.

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Ultrastructure du nœud sino-atrial de l'embryon de souris aux jeunes stades du développement

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.37.1.133 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 133-147

Author(s):

Par J. Nanot ◽

G. Le Douarin

Keyword(s):

Sinus Node ◽

Middle Part ◽

Myocardial Cells ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Embryonic Mouse ◽

Early Stages ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Cellular Population ◽

Membrane Contacts ◽

Transitional Cells

Ultrastructure of the embryonic mouse sinus node at the early stages of development At early stages of development in the mouse embryo (12–13 days post-coitum) the cells of the sino-atrial node are homogeneous but are different to the atrial myocardic cells at this stage of development or a younger stage (9–10 days post-coitum). Sino-atrial node cells are small; they have many ribosomes, the myofibrillar material and the Golgi apparatus are poorly developed. Membrane contacts are represented by simple appositions and some fascia adherentes. These cells show many pinocytic invaginations and subsarcolemmic vesicles. From the 14th day post-coitum the sino-atrial node becomes heterogeneous. ‘Clear cells’ are present in the middle part of the node; they are characterized by their irregular shape and the poor development of their myofibrillar material. ‘Dark cells’ are observed at the periphery of the node and seem related to myocardial type cells described in the sino-atrial node of the late mouse foetuses. Our observations do not support the existence of a 3rd cellular population, called by some authors: ‘transitional cells’. The problem of the segregation between sino-atiial cells and myocardial cells is discussed.

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Slow Motion Analysis of Repetitive Tapping (SMART) test: measuring bradykinesia in recently diagnosed Parkinson’s disease and idiopathic anosmia

10.1101/2021.03.24.21254234 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

C. Simonet ◽

MA. Galmes ◽

C. Lambert ◽

RN. Rees ◽

T. Haque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Early Stage ◽

Motor Dysfunction ◽

Finger Tapping ◽

Prodromal Phase ◽

Floor Effect ◽

Simple Method ◽

Early Stages

ABSTRACTBackgroundBradykinesia is the defining motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). There are limitations to its assessment using standard clinical rating scales, especially in the early stages of PD when a floor effect may be observed.ObjectivesTo develop a quantitative method to track repetitive finger tapping movements and to compare people in the early stages of PD, healthy controls, and individuals with idiopathic anosmia.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of 99 participants (early-stage PD=26, controls=64, idiopathic anosmia=9). For each participant, repetitive finger tapping was recorded over 20 seconds using a smartphone at 240 frames per second. Three parameters were extracted from videos: amplitude between fingers, frequency (number of taps per second), and velocity (distance travelled per second). Clinical assessment was based on the motor section of MDS-UPDRS.ResultsPeople in the early stage of PD performed the task with slower velocity (p<0.001) and with greater decrement in frequency than controls (p=0.003). The combination of slower velocity and greater decrement in frequency obtained the best accuracy to separate early-stage PD from controls based on metric thresholds alone (AUC = 0.88). Individuals with anosmia exhibited slower velocity (p=0.001) and smaller amplitude (p<0.001) compared with controls.ConclusionsWe present a new simple method to detect early motor dysfunction in PD. Mean tap velocity appeared to be the best parameter to differentiate patients with PD from controls. Patients with anosmia also showed detectable differences in motor performance compared with controls which may be important indication of the prodromal phase of PD.

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THE CHROMOSOMES OF TURKEY EMBRYOS DURING EARLY STAGES OF PARTHENOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/98.2.335 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. 335-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ko Harada ◽

Edward G Buss

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Doubling ◽

Early Stage ◽

Genome Composition ◽

Cleavage Division ◽

Early Stages ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Parthenogenetic Development ◽

Polyploid Cells ◽

Cell Proportion ◽

Parthenogenetic Embryos

ABSTRACT In the early stages of parthenogenetic development in turkey eggs, many blastoderms are mosaics of haploid, diploid and polyploid cells. The genome composition of these blastoderms can be identified by C-banding. They may be generally described as either A-Z/2A-ZZ/nA-nZ or A-W/2A-WW/nA-nW and are found in a nearly 1:1 ratio. The blastoderms showing the W body (W +) become lethal within two days of incubation. The haploid cell proportion decreases rapidly during the early stage of development, and, as haploid cells decrease, the proportion of polyploid cells appears to increase. At six days of incubation, various kinds of parthenogenetic development can be observed. Their genome compositions are either diploid (2A-ZZ) or mosaic (A-Z/2A-ZZ). These findings suggest that diploid parthenogenesis occurs by either suppression of meiosis II or chromosome doubling some time after the first cleavage division. The frequent occurrence of mosaic blastoderms indicates that the majority, if not all, of the parthenogenetic embryos initiate their development in haploid ova.

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Research on the Innovation of Management Strategies of Enterprises in Different Stages of Development

Modern Management Forum ◽

10.18686/mmf.v4i4.2603 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Pu Dai

Keyword(s):

Management Strategy ◽

Development Process ◽

Early Stage ◽

Management Strategies ◽

International Competition ◽

Enterprise Development ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Start Ups ◽

Statistical Results

With the development of China’s enterprises, many enterprises gradually go abroad to participate in international competition. However, some research and statistical results show that only 30% of newly established start-ups can survive, and most of them fall into unsustainable situation at the early stage of development. Based on this, this article studies the management strategy and innovation of enterprises in different stages of development, in order to provide useful reference for the development of enterprises in different stages. This article firstly analyses the characteristics of different stages of enterprise development process, and then gives corresponding management strategies and innovation methods based on different stages of enterprise development.

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Private Equity and Devaluation in Emerging Countries

Global Economy Journal ◽

10.1515/gej-2016-0048 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 20160048

Author(s):

Hernán Herrera-Echeverri ◽

Jerry Haar ◽

Juan Guillermo Salazar-Duque

Keyword(s):

Private Equity ◽

Early Stage ◽

High Technology ◽

Emerging Countries ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Early Stages ◽

Comprehensive Database ◽

Country Level

Abstract: Using a comprehensive database with 51 emerging countries studied over a 13 year period, we find that devaluation increases the PE investment. More years of annual devaluation have a higher impact in promoting PE investment. Conclusions are confirmed for total and high technology PE investments, but not for early stage PE investments. Devaluation does not benefit PE investment in firms in the early stages of development. Devaluation itself is not sufficient to encourage the appetite of investors; however, some country-level competitiveness variables are indispensable for making a country more fertile for PE investment when a devaluation occurs – the high relevance of competiveness increasing in the long term.

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Perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: Evidence from the general Chinese population

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0243605

Author(s):

Xiao Yang ◽

Zhenzhen Xiong ◽

Zhixiong Li ◽

Xiao Li ◽

Weiyi Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Coping Style ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Early Stage ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Early Stages ◽

General Chinese Population

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by novel coronavirus 2019. Many individuals suffered psychological symptoms in the early stage when the epidemic was uncertain. We explored the perceived psychological stress and associated factors in the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic. Method The Perceived Stress Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale and a general information questionnaire were integrated in an on-line survey conducted from February 1, 2020 until February 4, 2020. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore whether coping style, social support or other factors contributed to psychological stress. Results A total of 1638 participants were included, of whom 44.3% showed moderate psychological stress. Individuals who were younger, female, unmarried, spent more time on the disease, felt more concern about it, reported lower social support (Subjective Social support; Objective social support; Utilization social support), or showed a negative coping style were more likely to suffer higher psychological stress in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion Psychological interventions may be targeted to individuals with the risk characteristics identified in this study. It may be helpful to promote social support and positive coping style in the early stage of infectious disease epidemics. This initial evidence from the general Chinese population may be relevant to interventions in other countries for dealing with the COVID-19 and other epidemics.

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Are Net FDI Flows and Reversals of Capital Flows a Result of Output Growth?

The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy ◽

10.2202/1935-1682.2296 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gilad D Aharonovitz ◽

James D Miller

Keyword(s):

Capital Flows ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Output Growth ◽

Capital Inflows ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Early Stages ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Per Capita ◽

Cross Country

Abstract Literature notes many factors as affecting capital flows, but the effects of these flows over the recipient economies and the overall effect over growth are highly debatable. This study claims that although capital flows may be required for the increase in output, other forces are causing this growth and creating the demand for capital. We construct a model in which growth requires both decisions of firms regarding training of managers in order to expand, representing the absorption capacity of the firms, and capital for the firms expansion. The model shows that in early stages of development when output is low, capital inflows are increasing with an increase in the output, but are not the cause for the output growth. However, when output is higher, an increase in the output is associated with financial outflows since the local savings are increasing by more than the local demand for capital. Although we cannot empirically test the model, we use cross-country regressions to show that capital flows are in-line with the predictions of the model and manage to explain half of the variations in net FDI flows per capita using the stage of development. Many policies regarding capital flows may be, therefore, irrelevant.

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY MUSIC BROADCASTING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AUDIO RECORDING MEDIA EVOLUTION (UNTIL 1970s)

Scientific journal “Library Science. Record Studies. Informology” ◽

10.32461/2409-9805.4.2020.227088 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Oleksandr Mazur

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Source Information ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Audio Recording ◽

Radio Communications ◽

Early Stages ◽

Radio Broadcasting ◽

Musical Resources

The purpose of the article is to determine the stages of development of music broadcasting and to reveal their features in the context of the evolution of audio recording means. The methodology consists of the application of general scientific and special methods, namely: information and system approaches, terminological and historical methods, as well as methods of analysis and generalization of source information, comparison and interrelation of theory and practice. Scientific novelty. The significance of musical resources has been brought to the development of radio communications and the early stages of development of musical radio communications have been clarified in the context of the evolution by means of audio recording. Conclusions. Radio has played one of the leading roles in the field of music and, conversely, without music, radio broadcasting has not received the appropriate technical development and, accordingly, would not have had such an impact on society. Clusters of music radio recordings on the rights of subsystems are connected to the metasystem of information communications. Music publishers, who were then the most influential part of the industry, allied with the musicians. At the time of birth, radio notes were the main musical product, and songwriters were real stars. However, when the whole world began to buy records instead of music, the power from publishers and singers passed to record companies and cooperated with them performers. In the early stages of its existence, musical radio broadcasting underwent an evolutionary path from the musical telegraph (1876), the first radio shows with magnetic recording (1914), the rapid development of radio engineering and recording technology (1920–1940), and 3-minute rock ‘n’ roll from artisanal records (1950s) to «pirate music», which was broadcast from ships (1960s). The study of the historical and cultural preconditions for the formation and development of musical radio broadcasting at an early stage in the context of the evolution of audio recording allowed to identify three main stages: «search» (1870–1920), 2) «competitive» (early 1920s – second half of the 1940s). .), 3) «vinyl-tape» (first half of the 1950s – 1970s). The term «music broadcasting» is proposed to mean technological means of sound transmission to an unlimited number of listeners of musical compositions and / or other musical information on the radio, as well as wired radio networks or packet-switched networks, classifying them as «active phonograms». , broadcast) and «passive phonograms» (performed a functional role and transferred to the archive). Key words: Archive, Records, Storage, Music, Digitization, Radio.

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FEATURES OF EARLY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF ANCHOVY SPRAT (CLUPEONELLA ENGRAULIFORMIS BORODIN)

VESTNIK OF ASTRAKHAN STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY SERIES FISHING INDUSTRY ◽

10.24143/2073-5529-2018-4-58-64 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 58-64

Author(s):

Dmitriy Dmitrievich Aseinov ◽

Yuriy Aleksandrovich Paritskiy

Keyword(s):

Caspian Sea ◽

Mouth Opening ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

The Caspian Sea ◽

Single Population ◽

Early Stages ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Development Processes ◽

Petri Dishes ◽

Made In

For more than 50 years anchovy sprat fishing in the Caspian Sea has been a leading trend. Yearly sprat catch reached 440,000 tons. The main fishing object was anchovy sprat represented in the Caspian Sea by a single population consisting of a large number of non-separated reproductively biological groups occupying the area of the Middle and Southern Caspian at a depth more than 15-20 m. Studying the size of population in sprat generations is impossible without knowing embryonic and post embryonic periods of species development, because main elimination of generations takes place in early ontogenesis. This problem has not been studied thus far and requires further investigation. The study is based on the results of scientific surveys made in 2010-2017 in the Middle and Southern part of the Caspian Sea by the researchers of Caspian scientific institute of fisheries. The study of early stages of development was carried out at water temperature of 19-20°C, samples were taken every hour. Fecundation was made by dry method in Petri dishes; impregnated roe was transferred into aquariums. Early stages of impregnated eggs development: processes of swelling and forming a plasma knob, blastomeres, stages of forming morula, blastula, gastrulation turning into organogenesis (from segmentation up to emerging prolarvae from membrane). Post-embryonic development is characterized by forming rudimental fins, mouth opening, movements that precede swimmability, pigmentation of eyeballs, orientation to light. For 11th-14th day after hatching there takes place the change of mixed nutrition to food taken from the water, which means qualitatively new, larval stage of development.

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