Paper 40: Measurement and Control of the Residual Stress Produced by Grinding Operations

1967 ◽  
Vol 182 (11) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Loxham ◽  
J. Purcell
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Full Explanation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Grinding Operations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
Made In

The grinding process is surveyed and a technique is described which enables the efficiency of the grinding wheel, coolant, and machine tool system to be determined. The analysis is made in terms of the maximum possible depth of cut that can be taken by the individual grits of the grinding wheel and the volume of material removed from the workpiece at this loading per unit volume of grinding wheel lost. Suggestions are made for the practical application of the technique to minimize the residual stress which is produced by the grinding operation. The results which have been achieved are shown in graphical form, and suggestions are made for the full explanation of the technique.

A Comparison of Fluids Used to Superabrasively Machine a Titanium Alloy

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Compressive Residual Stress ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Fluid Type ◽  
Power Flux ◽  
Screening Design

The objective of this paper was to compare the creep feed superabrasive machining of an alpha-beta structural titanium alloy, using a water-soluble and a straight oil grinding fluid, in terms of residual stress, specific energy, power flux and microstructure. The statistical effect of process variables on these criteria was investigated using a Taguchi screening design of experiment. Grinding wheel peripheral velocity, abrasive size and fluid type were the most important factors contributing to compressive residual stress. After the depth of cut, fluid type contributed the most variation to specific energy and power flux. Both fluids produced testpieces that were microstructurally sound, and were essentially stress free or had favorable compressive residual stress.

Recent Developments in the Flammability of Elastomeric Materials

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Smoke Generation ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Polymer Combustion ◽  
Made In

Abstract Most of the flame-retardant technology now used with elastomers has been known for some time. Advances have been made in recent years in the understanding of elastomer combustion and inhibition mechanisms, in the measurement and control of visible smoke generation from elastomers, and the toxic effects of combustion atmospheres. By integrating existing technology with recent developments and the likely advances of the future, elastomeric materials will continue to receive acceptance for a wide variety of applications. Author's note: A review stressing quantitative aspects of polymer combustion has recently appeared.

Effect of Coolant Supplied through Grinding Wheel on Residual Stress of Grinding Surface

2014 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagatoshi Nakatsuka ◽  
Yudai Hirai ◽  
Atsushi Kusakabe ◽  
Yasuhiro Yao ◽  
Hiroyuki Sasahara
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Compressive Residual Stress ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Internal Grinding ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
Fluid Supply ◽  
Infrared Thermograph

We explored the effect of supplying coolant from the inner side of a grinding wheel on the residual stress caused by grinding. Effect of depth of cut on grinding temperature and residual stress was also studied. Results clarified that grinding with an internal coolant supply induced a larger compressive residual stress compared to a conventional external grinding fluid supply when depth of cut was large. In addition, grinding temperature in the internal grinding fluid supply was lower than in the external grinding fluid supply, as measured by infrared thermograph camera. Findings suggested that large compressive residual stress was obtained in the case of the coolant supplied from the inner side of the grinding wheel because temperature was lower than external coolant supply.

scholarly journals Applications of Contact Length Models in Grinding Processes

2009 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Qi ◽  
B. Mills ◽  
Xi Peng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Length ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Orthogonal Relationship ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Contact Behaviour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Grinding Power

The nature of the contact behaviour between a grinding wheel and a workpiece in the grinding process has a great effect on the grinding temperature and the occurrence of thermal induced damage on the ground workpiece. It is found that the measured contact length le in grinding is considerably longer than the geometric contact length lg and the contact length due to wheel-workpiece deflection lf. The orthogonal relationship among the contact lengths, i.e. lc2 = (Rrlf)2 + lg2, reveals how the grinding force and grinding depth of cut affect the overall contact length between a grinding wheel and a workpiece in grinding processes. To make the orthogonal contact length model easy to use, attempts on modification of the model are carried out in the present study, in which the input variable of the model, Fn’, is replaced by a well-established empirical formula and specific grinding power. By applying the modified model in this paper, an analysis on the contributions of the individual factors, i.e. the wheel/worpiece deformation and the grinding depth of cut, on the overall grinding contact length is conducted under a wide range of grinding applications, i.e. from precise/shallow grinding to deep/creep-feed grinding. Finally, using a case study, the criterion of using geometric contact length lg to represent the real contact length lc, in terms of convenience versus accuracy, is discussed.

SIMULATION OF THE DYNAMIC IMPACT OF TOOLS AND WORKPIECES DURING ROUND GRINDING IN FLOATING WORKSHOPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
A.O. KHARCHENKO ◽  
S.M. BRATAN ◽  
E.A. VLADETSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Dynamic Accuracy ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
And Control ◽  
External Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Grinding Time

The article analyzes the results of modeling dynamic processes during circular grinding of parts. Models are presented in the form of experimental dependences of the vibration amplitude on the grinding time; models of the process of interrelation of cutting forces and control actions; the obtained function of dynamic accuracy, which characterizes the trajectory of motion and relative oscillations of the grinding wheel and the part; models for assessing the influence of the value of an adjustable normal grinding force on the course of radial wear of a grinding wheel, volumetric productivity and basic grinding time, surface roughness of a part processed by wheels with different characteristics. Models of external cylindrical grinding in the form of a set of differential equations characterizing the dynamics of displacements of the centers of the wheel, workpiece and changes in the actual depth of cut are most acceptable for use in the implementation of stochastic observation and filtration procedures. They are taken as a basis for stabilizing the parameters of the technological system, taking into account the effects of equipment and the external environment (waves of the water surface) on the machine in floating workshops.

A Study on Speed Control System Based on STC89C51

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 723-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hai Jiang ◽  
Ming Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Digital Measurement ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Measurement And Control System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
Made In

Introduces a STC89C51 microcontroller core with the speed of measurement and control system, the system can control the motor starts and stops, either manually or automatically adjust the duty cycle to control the motor speed is set by the Hall sensor data, for motor speed is measured to calculate and display the current motor speed in real time on the LCD. The system is made in the actual measurement with good results, as the research engine performance provides an important reference, so that the entire digital measurement speed system can be widely used, there is a strong practicality.

The Measurement and Control of Residual Stress in Spiral Sub-Merged Arc Welded Pipe

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingren Xiong ◽  
Yaorong Feng ◽  
Chunyong Huo
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Welded Pipe ◽  
Mechanical Cutting ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The problems related to the measurement and control of residual stress in the production of SSAW pipe are analyzed based on tests: (1) The relationship between circumferential opening in cut-ring test and residual stress from mechanical cutting stress releasing test; (2) The effects of severing position on the measured opening; (3) The effects of hydrostatic test on residual stress of SSAW pipe; (4) The supplementary specification of SSAW pipe. It is put forward that the circumferential opening varies with the severing position, and the normal hydrostatic test mainly bring about the redistribution of the residual stress as well as the decrease of that. The appropriate higher pressure can reduce residual stress considerably. Some suggestions about the supplementary specification related to residual stress of SSAW pipe were brought forward.

A Survey of Measurement and Control of Pollutants

1971 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. T163-T172
Author(s):  
D. J. Garrod
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
General Survey ◽  
General Picture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

When the title of the symposium was first decided, the organising committee considered that a general survey of the subject was required so that (a) they would be in a position to judge whether or not the papers received were a reasonable cross section of the subject, and (b) it could be used to indicate to the delegates where the subject of the individual speakers comes within the general picture. Unfortunately, there was none readily available, and therefore the author as a member of the organising committee, decided to formulate such a survey. Some parts of the survey are not as detailed or informative as intended, and the author would be grateful for advice on any errors or omissions which are noticed.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KADAR DEBU KAYU TERHADAP KELUHAN PERNAFASAN PEKERJA (Studi Kasus di Home Industry Rebana Dusun Kaliwot Desa Bungah Kecamatan Bungah Kabupaten Gresik Tahun 2016)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma‟rifatur Rohmah ◽  
Imam Thohari ◽  
Bambang Sunarko
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The People ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Respiratory Complaints ◽  
Local Term ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTBungah is a village and sub-district in Gresik Regency, East Java province, Indonesia. DesaBungah is well-known as a center of production for „kopyah‟ (a local term for cap) and tambourines. Sincethe 50s the people of Bungah made the business of producing tambourines as their livelihood. Thisbusiness continues to grow along with the increasing number of tambourine craftsmen, mainly found inwestern part of Bungah in Dusun Kaliwot. Currently, tambourines made in Bungah already spread toalmost all parts of Indonesia. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of the levelsof wood dust on workers‟ respiratory complaints.This is an analytic study, that attempts to explore how and why a health phenomenon occur.Subsequently, it analyzes the dynamics of correlation between the risk and effect factors.Results showed that the individual level of dust measured in 38 workers of tambourine homeindustry in Dusun Kaliwot was eligible (52.6%). Furthermore, most of those 38 workers had severerespiratory complaints (36.8%).The owners of tambourine home industry are recommended to provide their workers with masksto minimize dust exposure and to prohibit smoking at work. Workers are expected to wear masks and notsmoke during working hours. The Office of Industry and Trade is expected to monitor and control thelevels of dust in the workplace. Future researchers are expected to investigate the ambient dust levelsaround the home industry.Keywords : Tambourine home industry, levels of wood dust, respiratory complaints

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