Main bronchial diverticula in the subcarinal region: Their relation to airflow limitations

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Higuchi ◽  
Naoya Takahashi ◽  
Motoi Shiotani ◽  
Suguru Sato ◽  
Atsushi Ohta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Section ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background To date, bronchial diverticula have generally been treated as a pathological condition associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although only a limited amount of published information is available on the relationship between bronchial diverticula as depicted by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and airflow limitations. Purpose To evaluate the relationship between airflow limitations and main bronchial diverticula in the subcarinal region using spirometry and thin-section MDCT. Material and Methods A total of 189 consecutive adult patients were retrospectively evaluated based on spirometry and thin-section MDCT of the chest. All examinations were performed at our institution between June and October 2008. The study group included 70 women and 119 men with a mean age of 65 years (range 19–86 years). The relationship between the FEV1% and bronchial diverticula in the subcarinal region was analyzed (Student's t-test). Results The indications for conducting the examinations were pulmonary diseases (82 patients), cardiovascular diseases (22), extrapulmonary malignancies (74), and other conditions (11). A total of 84/189 (44.4%) patients showed bronchial diverticula, and the FEV1% of 70/84 (83.3%) patients was above 70. The FEV1% of patients with lesions ranged from 26.0 to 97.8 (mean 76.8), whereas the range was 28.1–94.4 (mean 73.7) in those without lesions. There was no significant association between the FEV1% and the presence of subcarinal bronchial diverticula ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Our data demonstrate that thin-section chest CT commonly demonstrates main bronchial diverticula in the subcarinal region in patients without airflow limitations. We propose that the presence of a small number of tiny bronchial diverticula under the carina may not be a criterion for the diagnosis of COPD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Simonovska ◽  
Irfan Ahmeti ◽  
Vladimir Mitreski
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Exacerbation Of Copd ◽  
Student’S T Test

BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with evidence of systemic oxidative stress, activation of circulating inflammatory cells and increased plasma level of proinflamatory cytokines which include C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP is one biomarker of extrapulmonary or systemic consequences of COPD that can be detected.AIM: The aim of this research is to determine whether the level of CRP statistically significantly correlates with the level of bronchial obstruction and the accompanying co-morbidities in patients with COPD.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 80 patients with exacerbation of COPD, hospitalised at the Institute for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis in Skopje. We measured the level of CRP in the blood in all of these patients in fasting conditions. The classification of COPD patients by the severity of airflow limitation was made according to the actual version of the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). The Student’s Independent Samples t-test was used for the statistic analysis of the data.RESULTS: In 52 (65%) of the patients with exacerbation of COPD we detected an increase of the mean value of CRP. The statistical analysis using the Student’s t-test showed statistically significant differences in the mean value of CRP in patients with different level of bronchial obstruction. Hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary disease, and CVI were confirmed as co-morbidities in 45 (73.1%) of the patients, hypertension being the most frequent one (40%). The statistical analysis using the Student’s t-test showed statistically significant difference of the mean value of CRP (p< 0.01) depending on the number of co-morbidities.CONCLUSION: In 52 (65%) of the patients with exacerbation of COPD, were detected an increase of the mean value of CRP. The mean values of CRP statistically significantly correlate with the level of bronchial obstruction and the number of co-morbidities in patients with COPD.

An Education Program That Improves the Psychomotor Skills Needed for Metaproterenol Inhaler Use

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 945-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. O'Bey ◽  
Lucia K. Jim ◽  
Joseph P. Gee ◽  
Mark E. Cowen ◽  
Anne E. Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Psychomotor Performance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Future Education ◽  
Student’S T Test

This is the first report assessing an education program's impact on teaching patients the psychomotor skills needed for proper use of the metaproterenol inhaler. Most patients do not use pressurized inhalers correctly. This inability could lead to suboptimal or ineffective therapy. Pharmacists provided a standardized education program to asthma patients and to those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for three clinic visits. Proper use of the inhaler was assessed by evaluating the patient's psychomotor performance for each visit before and after instruction. Of 19 patients, 18 demonstrated a mean improvement of 33.5 percent from preinstruction to postinstruction evaluation at the first visit (Student's t-test, p < 0.0005). Both preinstruction and postinstruction scores demonstrated an upward trend for all three visits, the postinstruction scores always being higher than the preinstruction scores. These results indicate that our standardized education program helped improve psychomotor performance. Certain instructional aspects that need emphasis in future education programs have been identified.

scholarly journals Possibility to predict the development of secondary depression in primary alcoholics during abstinence

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Mandic-Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Primary Male ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background/Aim. The relationship between alcoholism and depression is observed in clinical trials. The factors which could predict persistence of secondary depression after alcohol withdrawal are not enough explored on admission. The differences between depressed (DA) and non-depressed (NDA) alcoholics regarding the degrees of severity of withdrawal, severity of depression and the intensity of cognitive dysfunctions were explored on admission to investigate possibility of prediction of the development of secondary depression in alcoholics. Methods. A group of primary male alcoholics (n=86) was recruited during inpatient treatment. After 4 weeks alcoholics were divided in the DA group (n=43) and NDA (n=43) group according to the score on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Clinical assessment of withdrawal, scoring on the Alcohol Dependency Severity Scale- ASD, and scoring on the Mini Mental Scale-MMSE were performed in all the participants on admission. The differences between the groups were tested by the Student's t-test. Results. The DA group showed the significantly higher severity of depression, higher levels of alcohol withdrawal symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions than the NDA group on admission. Conclusion. The specific group of depressive alcoholics was shown to be characterized by the higher severity of alcoholism and depression on admission, which could predict prolonged, secondary depression. Early detection and concurrent therapy of secondary depression could improve the treatment, and reduce the relapse of alcoholism.

scholarly journals Sports potential modeling of young basketball players: a preliminary analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilson Borges Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Jeferson Macedo Vianna ◽  
André de Assis Lauria ◽  
Emerson Filipino Coelho ◽  
Francisco Zacaron Werneck
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Adult Stature

Abstract The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate the sports potential of young basketball players; 2) to identify variables that discriminate sports potential assessed by coaches; 3) to verifythe relationship between classification of the multidimensional profile of athletes and classification of the sports potential by coaches. Sixty-two young basketball players aged 15.6±1.1 years from U-15 (n = 24) and U-17 (n = 38) categories participated in the study. A test battery was applied to evaluate sports potential indicators: 1) anthropometric; 2) physicomotor; 3) psychological;4) skills;5) socio-environmental;6) maturational and 7) sports potential.Clusteranalysis was performed in three groups: high, medium and low potential. Student’s t-test was used for the comparison between athletes evaluated by the coach as excellent and the others and the Chi-Square test to verify the relationship between sports potential classifications. It was observed that in the high-potential group, athletes were chronologically older, with higher % predicted adult height (PMS), competitive and determined sports orientation, higher body size, lower skinfold summation, and greater physicomotor performance. In comparison with other athletes, high-potential basketball players presented higher stature, wider wingspan,longer limb length, greater predicted adult stature and higher Z score of the % PMS. It could be concluded that the multidimensional approach was useful for the evaluation of the sports potential of young basketball players, requiring the use of multidimensional variables, in addition to coaches’ opinion regarding the potential of their athletes.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF NT PRO BNP AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF RIGHT VENTRICLE DISFUNCTION WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AT HAJI ADAM MALIK GENERAL HOSPITAL MEDAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Right Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Severe Copd

Background: Cardiovascular complications caused by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) will affect structure and function of heart’s normal anatomy. This study aims to determine the relationship between the abnormality of NT Pro BNP levels and echocardiographic features of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in COPD. Method: A cross-sectional study to assess the association between the abnormality of NT Pro BNP levels and echocardiographic features of right ventricular dysfunction in COPD in the outpatient unit of the Integrated Heart Center H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. COPD patients were grouped based on GOLD criteria from spirometry examination into severe COPD (GOLD III) and very severe COPD (GOLD IV). Subjects then performed NT pro BNP and echocardiography examination to assess pathological changes in cardiac. Result: NT Pro BNP was higher in GOLD IV. Cut off value of NT Pro BNP > 172 pg/nl is the initial parameter of right ventricular dysfunction. Pulmonary hypertension was found in 93% of cases. The most common cardiac pathological findings were RV hypertrophy (71%), RV dysfunction (86.7%) and pulmonary regurgitation (87.5%). Pathological findings on echocardiography were more common in the GOLD IV group. COPD severity was associated with NT Pro BNP abnormalities (p <0.001) and associated with pathologic echocardiographic findings (p <0.001). Conclusion: Severe COPD is associated with increased NT pro-BNP abnormalities and pathological findings on echocardiography. Echocardiography facilitates early detection of cardiovascular complications in patients with severe and very severe COPD (GOLD III and IV).

scholarly journals The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia E. Hartmann ◽  
Werner C. Albrich ◽  
Marija Dmitrijeva ◽  
Christian R. Kahlert
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Respiratory Microbiome

Background: Since its discovery, the respiratory microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple pulmonary diseases. Even though corticosteroid treatments are widely prescribed for pulmonary diseases, their effects on the respiratory microbiome are still poorly understood. This systematic review summarizes the current understanding of the effects of corticosteroids on the microbiome of the airways.Research Question: How does treatment with corticosteroids impact the respiratory microbiome?Study Design and Methods: According to the PRISMA guidelines, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were systematically searched for all observational or randomized-controlled studies comparing the microbiome parameters of patients receiving corticosteroids to those of controls. The primary outcomes of interest were changes in the diversity, composition and total burden of the respiratory microbiome as assessed by culture-independent molecular methods.Results: Out of 1,943 identified reports, five studies could be included: two on patients with asthma, two on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and one on patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The studies were highly heterogeneous with regards to the methods used and the populations investigated. Microbiome diversity increased with corticosteroids at least transiently in three studies and decreased in one study. The effects of corticosteroids on the composition of the respiratory microbiome were significant but without a clear shared direction. A significant increase in microbial burden after corticosteroids was seen in one study.Interpretation: Data on the effect of corticosteroids on the respiratory microbiome are still limited, with considerable heterogeneity between studies. However, available data suggest that corticosteroid treatment may have significant effects on the composition and possibly the diversity of the respiratory microbiome. Further research is needed to better understand the influence of corticosteroids on the respiratory microbiome and thus better target its widespread therapeutic use.

Assessment of Health Impacts of PM2.5 by AirQ+ Software in the City of Sanandaj, Iran (2018-2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Ghorban Asgari ◽  
◽  
Ramin Khoshniyat ◽  
Farhad Karimi ◽  
Kamal Ebrahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Baseline Incidence ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Airq Software

Background: Particulate or particle mattes in term of air pollution are particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5). PM2.5 is a natural source of air pollution and has harmful effects on citizens in Sanandaj City, located in the west of Iran. Methods: In this study, the hourly data of concentration of PM2.5 were taken from the Kurdistan Environmental Protection Agency. During the study period (2018-2019), the 24-hour concentration of PM2.5 exceeded 339 times the average level. By AirQ+ software, the relationship between data and Relative Risk (RR), Baseline Incidence (BI), and Attributable Proportion (AP) were estimated. Then chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, ischemic heart disease, and brain stroke in the range of over 30 years were estimated. Results: The main target of this study was to survey the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and the death rate of citizens of this non-industrial city. The long-term health effect (more than 6 months) of PM2.5 caused 326 deaths on average (except for accidents and poisoning). Conclusion: Increase the concentration of PM2.5 is one factor that affects a high percentage of mortality rate.

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