Telehealth in clinical supervision: a comparison of supervision formats

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Reese ◽  
Federico Aldarondo ◽  
Charlotte R Anderson ◽  
Seong-Jik Lee ◽  
Thomas W Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Supervisory Working Alliance ◽  
Supervisory Relationship ◽  
Work Placement ◽  
Working Alliance Inventory ◽  
Satisfaction With Supervision ◽  
One Step ◽  
Improving Health Care

Nine counselling psychology students were enrolled in a 12-week pilot practicum (i.e. a work placement) for either one hour of course credit (six students) or three hours (three students). Group supervision was provided both in-person and by videoconferencing. Each trainee completed a measure evaluating their satisfaction with supervision (Supervisory Satisfaction Questionnaire, SSQ) and the supervisory relationship (Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory – Trainee Version, SWAI-T). The student's self-efficacy was also tracked during the semester (Counselling Self-Estimate Inventory, COSE). Trainees rated their satisfaction with videoconferencing similarly to the in-person format. The supervisory relationship also did not appear to be affected by the videoconferencing format. The COSE scores indicated that the students increased in counsellor self-efficacy by the end of the semester. Trainees reported that their supervisory needs were met and believed that videoconferencing was a viable format for supervision, although such a format still needed to be augmented by in-person contact. Providing better access to supervision and professional support using technology is one step towards improving health care in rural areas.

International Telesupervision: The Clinical Fellowship Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
David W. Rule ◽  
Lisa N. Kelchner
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
East African ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
National Certification

Telepractice technology allows greater access to speech-language pathology services around the world. These technologies extend beyond evaluation and treatment and are shown to be used effectively in clinical supervision including graduate students and clinical fellows. In fact, a clinical fellow from the United States completed the entire supervised clinical fellowship (CF) year internationally at a rural East African hospital, meeting all requirements for state and national certification by employing telesupervision technology. Thus, telesupervision has the potential to be successfully implemented to address a range of needs including supervisory shortages, health disparities worldwide, and access to services in rural areas where speech-language pathology services are not readily available. The telesupervision experience, potential advantages, implications, and possible limitations are discussed. A brief guide for clinical fellows pursuing telesupervision is also provided.

Sociopolitical Development and Healthcare Career Interest, Self-Efficacy, and Outcome Expectations Among Rural Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 001100002110074
Author(s):  
Saba Rasheed Ali ◽  
Yunkyoung Loh Garrison ◽  
Ziomara M. Cervantes ◽  
Devon A. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sociopolitical Development ◽  
Youth Of Color ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Indirect Relationship

The purpose of this preliminary study was to examine the indirect effects of social cognitive career variables (healthcare career [HC] self-efficacy and outcome expectations) in the relationship between youth sociopolitical development (SPD) and HC interests. Bootstrapping analysis was conducted using samples of eighth grade students ( N = 139) attending schools in rural areas in communities that consist predominantly of Immigrants of Color. Preliminary findings for the total sample suggested an indirect path between SPD and HC interests through HC self-efficacy, whereas the indirect path through HC outcome expectations was not significant. The model for immigrant Youth of Color participants suggested a direct relationship between SPD and HC interest, whereas an indirect relationship between SPD and HC interests was found for White participants. Based on the results of this preliminary analysis, implications for career programming and research pertaining to rural immigrant communities are discussed.

scholarly journals Working Alliance as a Mediator between Supervisory Styles and Supervisee Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
David K. Duys ◽  
Yanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Counselor Trainees ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Supervisory Working Alliance ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Supervisory Styles ◽  
Satisfaction With Supervision ◽  
Balanced Approach

To answer the research question whether there is a mediation effect of the supervisory working alliance between supervisory styles and supervisee satisfaction, we developed a mediation model and tested this hypothesized mediation effect with a sample of 111 participants that was comprised of master’s and doctoral counselor trainees and counseling practitioners recruited from several counseling professional networks. Results indicated a statistically significant indirect effect of supervisory styles on supervisee satisfaction through the supervisory working alliance. Specifically, when supervisees rated higher on a mixture of three supervisory styles, they were more likely to report a stronger working alliance with their supervisors; this alliance, in turn, contributed to their higher levels of satisfaction with supervision. These findings also speak to the importance of maintaining a flexible, balanced approach in supervision, and shed light on how both supervisors and supervisees can contribute to the supervisory working alliance so as to enhance supervisee satisfaction.

Hunting and raising livestock are associated with meat-related attitudes, norms and frequent consumption: implications for dietary guidance to rural residents

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Twila Linville ◽  
Karla L. Hanson ◽  
Jeffery Sobal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Wild Game ◽  
Livestock Raising

PurposeMeat consumption is higher than health recommendations, but little is known about potential moderating factors in rural areas. Informed by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this paper explored potential moderators amongst rural residents.Design/methodology/approach The authors summarized meat-related attitudes (importance, taste preference, healthfulness perceptions), social norms, controls (availability, affordability, self-efficacy) and frequency of consumption (overall, lean meat, wild game) in a cross-sectional survey of rural, adult, US volunteers (n = 572). The authors examined correlations and differences by gender, connection to hunting and to livestock raising.Findings These rural residents had positive attitudes toward meat, high family expectations to consume meat and daily consumption. Half of the meat consumed was lean but was infrequently wild game. Respondents with connections to hunting or raising livestock reported more positive meat-related attitudes, norms and self-efficacy, and more frequent meat consumption. Those with a connection to hunting also had higher perceived availability, affordability and consumption of wild game.Research limitations/implications Strong meat preferences and expectations may hamper moderation amongst rural residents, particularly in households connected to hunting or raising livestock. Dietary advice can be tailored to respect meat consumption, emphasize the identification and selection of lean meats and highlight wild game as a lean meat that is moderately available and affordable. Future research should disentangle hunting and livestock raising as potential factors in food choice and examine wild game consumption in jurisdictions where it can be sold legally.Originality/value This study was novel in examining meat-related practices amongst rural residents, separately examining lean meats and wild game, and identifying hunting and livestock raising as important predictors.

Technology in the Supervision of Mental Health Professionals

2011 ◽  
pp. 114-131
Author(s):  
James R. Stefurak ◽  
Daniel W. Surry ◽  
Richard L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Supervisory Relationship ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Technology Platforms ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Constructivist Epistemology

As communication technology is increasingly applied to the training and supervision of mental health professionals, a more robust analysis of how such approaches fundamentally change the relationship between supervisor and supervisee and how these approaches both enhance and limit the outcomes of supervision is sorely needed. In this chapter clinical supervision is defined and discussed and the various technology platforms that have been used to conduct supervision at-a-distance are reviewed along with the supervision outcomes observed in the research literature with each method. The potential for technology to reduce geographic and financial barriers to the provision of quality supervision is discussed. However, the chapter also outlines the potential negative impacts technology might have to the supervisory relationship, the ethical dilemmas posed by technology-mediated supervision, and the ways in which technology-mediated supervision may place limits upon the elements of supervision that rely upon a constructivist epistemology.

Local Governments

2021 ◽  
pp. 303-328
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
The Us ◽  
One Step ◽  
Us Constitution ◽  
State And Local

The US Constitution never mentions “city,” “county,” or “township,” not even “local” or “municipal” governments. It concerns itself only with sovereign entities. Because local governments “cannot claim to be sovereigns” and because whatever power a local government has tends to flow from its state, that sounds like the end of the matter. But local governments still exercise sovereign powers, including law enforcement, eminent domain, education, taxing, zoning, and other indispensable “attributes of sovereignty.” Even if the US Constitution does not mention cities by name and even if cities cannot claim sovereign status, the federal charter still has ample consequences for municipal governments. This chapter takes vertical separation of powers one step further, to federalism within federalism. It explains the division of powers between state and local governments and chronicles disputes that have arisen between them. If, in modern America, like-minded people increasingly gravitate to similar states, the same is true within states, whether in cities, suburbs, or rural areas. Home rule and other local allocations of power sometimes allow people in these communities to express their distinct political preferences and live under them, too.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Self-Efficacy Among Men Who Have Sex With Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798831984708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dou Qu ◽  
Xiaoni Zhong ◽  
Minqing Lai ◽  
Jianghong Dai ◽  
Hao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv Negative

This research examines the level of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) self-efficacy among HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) in China and identifies the influencing factors associated with the level of PrEP self-efficacy in terms of social-demographic characteristics and social psychological factors. The data were gathered from a baseline assessment of a longitudinal randomized controlled intervention trial. From April 2013 to March 2015, nonprobability sampling was used to recruit HIV-negative MSM at Chongqing, Guangxi, Xinjiang, and Sichuan in west China. A total of 1884 HIV-negative MSM were analyzed. Chi-square test and nonparametric rank sum test were used for univariate analysis. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to discuss the factors that influence the level of PrEP self-efficacy. Overall levels of PrEP self-efficacy were low, and five factors were found to effect PrEP self-efficacy: age, residence, AIDS-related knowledge, PrEP-related motivation, and anxiety. Age and anxiety score were negatively related to PrEP self-efficacy. The higher the age and anxiety score, the lower the PrEP self-efficacy. AIDS-related knowledge and PrEP-related motivation were actively related to PrEP self-efficacy. The higher the knowledge and motivation score, the higher the PrEP self-efficacy. In addition, the PrEP self-efficacy level of MSM in rural areas is lower than that in urban areas. The lower level of self-efficacy in the MSM population needs to be improved. Pertinent interventions should be taken to promote the self-efficacy of PrEP in MSM, to enhance their willingness to take medicine, improve their medication adherence, and thus reduce HIV infection among MSM.

Validation of a Brief Form of the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Sabella ◽  
Jared C. Schultz ◽  
Trenton J. Landon
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Supervisory Working Alliance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Working Alliance Inventory

The Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory–Trainee Form (SWAI-T) is among the most frequently used instruments for measuring the quality of supervisor–supervisee relationships within counselor supervision. Although the full-scale SWAI-T instrument has proven utility, there are instances when a shorter form may be useful for research and field applications. The current study used secondary data from a pair of cross-sectional studies to test the utility of a brief form of the SWAI-T in a two-step process: (a) reduction of the SWAI-T based on item analyses from an electronic survey of 87 rehabilitation counselors working in a Western state vocational rehabilitation agency and (b) an initial validation study of the instrument using electronic survey responses from a national sample of 228 rehabilitation counselors working in private rehabilitation. The resultant 5-item scale showed evidence of high internal consistency, convergent validity, and minimal differences in psychometric properties relative to the full-scale instrument. An abbreviated supervisory working alliance scale offers practical advantages for select research purposes and for continuous evaluation of supervisory relationships in field environments.

A systematic review of the factors that influence the quality and effectiveness of telesupervision for health professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Martin ◽  
Lucylynn Lizarondo ◽  
Saravana Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Supervisory Relationship ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Relationship Communication

Introduction Whilst telesupervision (clinical supervision undertaken using communication technology) is being used more frequently, there is limited information on what factors influence its effectiveness and quality. We undertook this systematic review to address this gap. Methods Eligible telesupervision studies were identified following targeted search of electronic databases and the grey literature. Data were synthesised thematically, resulting in development of core themes. Results We identified 286 papers for initial relevancy screening by title and abstract. The full text of 36 papers were then retrieved and assessed for further relevance. A total of 11 papers were included in the final analysis. We identified eight themes that contribute to effective and high-quality telesupervision: supervisee characteristics, supervisor characteristics, supervision characteristics, supervisory relationship, communication strategies, prior face-to-face contact, environmental factors and technological considerations. Conclusion From the available evidence, telesupervision can be a feasible and acceptable form of clinical supervision if set up well. Further studies with robust designs are required to strengthen the existing evidence on what makes telesupervision effective, as well as to examine its cost-effectiveness.

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