scholarly journals Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in stray cats in Algiers urban area, Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 2135
Author(s):  
A. MOHAMED-CHERIF ◽  
K. BENFODIL ◽  
S. ANSEL ◽  
K.H. AIT-OUDHIA
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Human infections are common and generally asymptomatic, but they can become very dangerous in immunosuppressed and HIV-positive patients. The infection can also be serious if it is transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy. Infection in untreated mothers can lead to abortion, birth defects and blindness of the fetus. The aim of this study is to determinethe seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgT antibodies in cats in the urban area of Algiers. From December 2017 to August 2018, blood samples from 184 stray cats were collected and analyzed for IgG antibodies against T. gondii using an ELISA method. Overall, the prevalence of T. gondii infection in stray cats was 58.15% (107/184). There was no statistically significant difference between male and female cats. The rate of seropositivity of T. gondii increased with age (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the different regions from which the samples were taken. The results of the present study showed the high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in Algiers rather than in other countries. Due to the high seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in cats, it is recommended to include in the prenatal evaluation, together with the adoption of a screening test and the determination of the IgG antibody titer in the high-risk populations (young girls, pregnant women) public information programs on the disease and measures that can contribute to prevention

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant mother in Makassar, Indonesia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0245572
Author(s):  
Nurul Fadilah Ali Polanunu ◽  
Sitti Wahyuni ◽  
Firdaus Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

The protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii is estimated to infect one-third of the world’s population. Infection in pregnant women can cause severe conditions for their babies. Until now, there is no data regarding Toxoplasma infection from Makassar pregnant mothers. This study aims to obtain information on Toxoplasma specific antibodies and to measure the risk factor associate with parasite infection. This cross-sectional study conducted in 9 of 47 primary health centres (Puskesmas) in Makassar. Blood samples and questionnaires were collected from 184 pregnant women aged 15–42 years old from September to October 2020. ELISA technique was used to examine the IgG and IgM antibodies. Univariable and multivariable analyses were carried out to measure factors that independently associate with Toxoplasma antibody positivity. Our result showed the range of Toxoplasma IgM and IgG are 0.06–1.01 and 0.09–3.01, respectively. While no one of our participants has an acute Toxoplasma gondii infection (IgM positive), we found 32,6% pregnant mothers are exposed to parasite (positive IgG). Contact with cats [OR(95%CI): 10.45(3.77–28.99)], consume chicken satay [OR(95%CI): 9.72(3.71–25.48)] and consume un-boiled water/ filtered water [OR(95%CI): 5.98(1.77–20.23)] are independently associate with positive Toxoplasma IgG antibody. Based on the result, we conclude that pregnant women in Makassar are exposed to T. gondii and the oocyst and tissue cyst of parasite contaminates food and water in Makassar.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and the associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in the middle belt of Ghana

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
DERRICK ADU MENSAH ◽  
Linda Batsa Debrah ◽  
Clement Evans Aryee ◽  
ALEXANDER YAW YAW DEBRAH
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Ashanti Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii infection is prevalent in up to 90% of the world’s population. Severe infections can be fatal and deforming in neonates. Cats serve as reservoirs for T. gondii infections. Even though many Ghanaians have cats as pets in their homes only few studies have been undertaken to assess the prevalence of the disease in Ghana. The objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and its associated risk factors among pregnant women seeking antenatal care at the Goaso Municipal Hospital, in Asunafo North District of the Ahafo Region and the St. Michael’s Catholic Mission Hospital in the Bosomtwe District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 266 (146 from Asunafo North District and 120 from Bosomtwe District) pregnant women who consented to participate in the study was undertaken. To gather information on associated risk factors, structured questionnaire was administered to the participants. In addition, 3 mls of venous blood was collected from each participant for anti-T. gondii IgG and anti-T. gondii IgM antibody analyses using ELISA. Results A total of 64.3% (171/266) of the study participant were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG and 26.3% (70/266) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. This signifies that 64.3% of the study population have been exposed to the infection and 26.3% were actively infected. There were no differences (P=0.383) between the overall T. gondii seroprevalences in the two Districts. There was a significant difference between antibody concentration levels and age in the Bosomtwe District in Ashanti Region. No association (OR<1) was found between the seroprevalences and the suspected risk factors assessed in this study. Conclusion The study showed that the seroprevalence of T. gondii among pregnant women visiting the two health facilities in the two Regions was higher compared to the 30%-65% reported as the global population infection status. This study provides baseline data for future studies in the other Districts and Regions in the country to ascertain the overall seroprevalence in Ghana.

scholarly journals Prevalence of IgG antibodies specific to Toxoplasma gondii among blood donors in Recife, Northeast Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel A.L. Coêlho ◽  
Masashi Kobayashi ◽  
Luiz B. Carvalho Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in blood donors was carried out in order to identify seroprevalence in Recife, Brazil. Sera from 160 individuals (119 male and 41 female) were evaluated by using a Toxoplasma IgG-antibody enzyme immunoassay (Denka Seiken Co., LTD., Tokyo, Japan). The seropositive percentual for males (79.0%) showed to be higher (p < 0.05) than for females (63.4%). This percentage increases with age, ranging from 18.2% to 92.6% for individuals aging under 20 and 40-50 years old, respectively. For women of childbearing age (18-40 years) it was found a prevalence of 51.6%.

Sero-molecular evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii infection among HIV-positive patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ahmadpour ◽  
Reza Pishkarie-Asl ◽  
Adel Spotin ◽  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Hasan Didarlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Northwest Iran ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Abstract Background Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common comorbidities in HIV-positive patients with CD4+ T lymphocytes below 200 cells/μl. Early diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis reduces the mortality rate in HIV-positive people. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-positive patients in northwest Iran using serological and molecular methods. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 124 HIV-positive outpatients and was conducted from January to May 2016. Anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies were detected from sera samples by chemiluminescence, while buffy coat samples were analyzed by RT-PCR for DNA detection. Patients’ socioepidemiological data were collected. Results Using chemiluminescence, 47/124 samples (37.9%) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies, 2/124 samples (1.62%) were positive for IgM antibodies while 2/124 samples (1.62%) contained both IgM and IgG. There were no IgM-positive or IgG-negative patients. RT-PCR revealed four (3.22%) positive samples. On the basis of the results, a statistically significant relationship was found between anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody seropositivity and residence (p=0.012). Conclusions The study showed a relatively low seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in HIV-positive patients in northwest Iran, while the prevalence was much higher in other regions of Iran. However, regular screening for T. gondii antibodies and early initiation of therapy are very important to decrease the mortality rate in HIV-positive patients.

scholarly journals Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and history of blood transfusion: a case-control seroprevalence study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1626-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel ◽  
Luis Francisco Sánchez-Anguiano ◽  
Jesús Hernández-Tinoco ◽  
Agar Ramos-Nevarez ◽  
Sergio Estrada-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Positive Controls

Objectives This study was performed to determine the association between seropositivity to Toxoplasma gondii and a history of blood transfusion. Methods Patients who had undergone blood transfusion (n = 410) and age- and sex-matched controls who had not undergone blood transfusion (n = 1230) were examined for anti- T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunoassays. Results Anti- T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 57 (13.9%) patients and in 129 (10.5%) controls with a borderline difference [odds ratio (OR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.98–1.92]. High anti- T. gondii IgG antibody levels (>150 IU/mL) were found in 27 (47.4%) of the 57 anti- T. gondii IgG-positive patients and in 37 (28.7%) of the 129 anti- T. gondii IgG positive controls with a significant difference (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.17–4.26). Anti- T. gondii IgM antibodies were found in 13 (22.8%) of the 57 seropositive patients and in 37 (28.7%) of the 129 seropositive controls, but the difference was not significant (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.35–1.52). Seroprevalence was significantly higher in patients aged >50 years than in controls of the same age and in female patients than in female controls. Conclusions These findings indicate that a history of blood transfusion is a risk factor for T. gondii infection.

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Animesh Ray ◽  
Dr. Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Dr. Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among patients admitted to the Medicine ward and ICU METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum sample by the ELISA method RESULTS A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (±SD) of 41.2 (±15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8%patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity CONCLUSIONS Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21)

scholarly journals Seropathological Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii in Stray Cats in Baghdad Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Mohammed J. Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Alveolar Space ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Cat ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Local Necrosis

The current study was performed an investigation in seropositive stray cats with Toxoplasma gondii and to correlate the results of pathological lesions with seropositive results of the cats. To achieve these goals, fifty blood samples and specimens from internal organs (liver, spleen, brain, kidney, intestine and lung) of stray cats were collected from different area of Baghdad Province during the period 1.10.2011-1.10.2012. Seropositive ELISA-IgG was demonstrated that 66 % of stray cats while female expressed (75 %) of seropositive ELISA-IgG were higher than male (30% ) and animals with average age 2months showed high percentage of seropositive ELISA-IgG (100%) as compared with age (adult cat) that expressed( 63.82 %) of seropositive. There was a significant difference (P≤0.01) among positive cases to anti-Toxoplasma ELISA-IgG. Severe pathological lesions were noticed in the lungs ,livers and intestines of animals that expressed high (optical density) (OD) of anti-Toxoplasma IgG ,in addition ,tachyzoits intracytoplasm of alveolar macrophages and hepatocytes as well as free zoites in alveolar space of the lung, were reported. Local necrosis with tachyzoites was seen in the brain of the cats, in addition to mineralization. On bases of the presence of pathological lesions in cats that expressed seropositive anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, it can be conclude that T.gondii is responsible for the appearance of inflammatory reaction in the internal organs of cats and there is a correlation between seropositive and pathological lesions of T.gondii infection and this parasite is highly distributed in Baghdad stray cats and it may be an important cause of abortion in the women.

scholarly journals Kinetics of IgG Antibodies in Previous Cases of Dengue Fever—A Longitudinal Serological Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6580
Author(s):  
Qilin Wu ◽  
Qinlong Jing ◽  
Xiujuan Wang ◽  
Lili Yang ◽  
Yilan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Antibody Level ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Serological Investigation ◽  
Significant Difference

Guangzhou is believed to be the most important epicenter of dengue outbreaks in southern China. In this study, a longitudinal serological investigation of previous cases of dengue fever in Guangzhou was conducted to explore the persistence of IgG antibodies and related factors affecting the changes of antibody level. We recruited 70 dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) primary infection cases at two years post infection for serological investigation and conducted a second follow-up in the 5th year of prognosis. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for DENV IgG antibody was examined in all study subjects. Potential factors associated with the concentration of serum total IgG antibody were determined by the generalized estimation equation (GEE). No significant difference in serum total IgG antibody positive rate between two follow-ups was observed (χ2 = 3.066, p = 0.080). However, there was a significant difference in the concentration of serum total IgG antibody between the two follow-ups (Z = 7.154, p < 0.001). The GEE showed that the antibody level in the five-year prognosis was mainly affected by the antibody level in the two-year prognosis (OR: 1.007, 95%CI: 1.005–1.009). In conclusion, the serum IgG antibodies of previous dengue fever cases can persist for a long time.

scholarly journals Evolution of IgG antibody response against Toxoplasma gondii tissue cyst in acute and chronic human infections

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita VILLAVEDRA ◽  
Hernán CAROL ◽  
Alberto NIETO
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Tissue Cyst ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Toxoplasmic Infection ◽  
Human Infections

The recognition profile of the tissue cysts antigens by IgG antibodies was studied during acute and chronic human toxoplasmic infection. Thus the IgG response against Toxoplasma gondii was investigated by immunoblotting in two patients accidentally infected with the RH strain as well as in group of naturally infected patients at acute and chronic phase. There was an overall coincidence of molecular mass among antigens of tachyzoites and tissue cysts recognized by these sera, however, they appear not to be the same molecules. The response against tissue cysts starts early during acute infection, and the reactivity of antibodies is strong against a wide range of antigens. Six bands (between 82 and 151 kDa) were exclusively recognized by chronic phase sera but only the 132 kDa band was positive in more than 50% of the sera analysed. A mixture of these antigens could be used to discriminate between the two infection phases. The most important antigens recognized by the acute and the chronic phase sera were 4 clusters in the ranges 20-24 kDa, 34-39 kDa, 58-80 kDa and 105-130 kDa as well as two additional antigens of 18 and 29 kDa. Both accidentally infected patients and some of the naturally infected patients showed a weak specific response against tissue cyst antigens.

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