Γονεϊκές πρακτικές και παράγοντες επικινδυνότητας κατά την εφηβεία: Η σημασία του διαζυγίου, των γονεϊκών συγκρούσεων και των αρνητικών γεγονότων ζωής

The purpose of this study was to examine whether divorce is a risk factor for parenting adolescents over and above parental conflicts and negative life events. 2083 adolescents, aged 15-17 years, males and females studying in 14 high schools of Attica participated in the study. 12% of these adolescents live with divorced/separated parents. Divorce, parental conflicts and negative life events were examined as risk factors for parenting. Four parenting dimensions were examined: the parent-adolescent bond, the psychological control, the behavioral control and the autonomy granting. Self-reported questionnaires were used, well-known in research, and they were translated to greek language. Results indicated that when divorce was examined as the only risk factor, it put at risk parenting. Over and above the parental conflicts and negative life events, divorce was not a risk factor for mothers’ parenting but it was a risk factor for fathers’ parenting. Also, parental conflicts and negative life events were risk factors for both mothers’ and fathers’ parenting, irrespective of family status. Finally, differences in parenting were found in terms of adolescents’ gender and parental socio-economic status. These results are discussed in terms of their significance in family counselling.

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The associations between family characteristics and depressive symptoms in older adults: a community-based survey in rural China

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610211002663 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1226-1234 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yanhong Gong ◽

Xiaopiao Wen ◽

Chaoping Guan ◽

Zhiqing Wang ◽

Yuan Liang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Life Events ◽

Rural China ◽

Economic Status ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Family Members ◽

Family Characteristics ◽

Negative Life Event ◽

The Past

ABSTRACTBackground: The aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between family characteristics and depressive symptoms, and provide new evidence and recommendations for prevention and intervention in the depressive symptoms of older adults.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted door-to-door, utilizing a sample of 1,317 individuals aged 60 years and above in rural China. The five family characteristic variables recorded were: living with spouse, living with descendant, support of family members, self-reported family economic status in the previous year, and family-related negative life events that occurred anytime in the past with a continuous psychological effect during the past 12 months. Gender, age, years of schooling, and self-rated physical health status were taken as potential confounders. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine independent effects on depressive symptoms.Results: In addition to the potential confounders, only family-related negative life events, support of family members, and self-reported family economic status had significant effects on depressive symptoms in older adults. Experiencing a family-related negative life event was the most significant variable (OR = 11.70, 95% CI: 7.72–17.73), the second was support of family members (OR = 6.93, 95% CI: 3.26–14.70), while family economic status was less important than support of family members (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.08–5.25).Conclusion: This study, from the perspective of family characteristics on depressive symptoms in older adults, showed a strong correlation between being exposed to harmful family environments and depressive symptoms among the elderly. Efforts to address family risk factors and strengthen family cohesiveness deserve a higher priority, given the importance of these factors, compared with other efforts such as promoting economic development.

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The Connections of Pregnancy-, Delivery-, and Infant-Related Risk Factors and Negative Life Events on Postpartum Depression and Their Role in First and Recurrent Depression

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2016/2514317 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pirjo Kettunen ◽

Eeva Koistinen ◽

Jukka Hintikka

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Life Events ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Control Group ◽

Recurrent Depression ◽

Physical Problems ◽

Adverse Experiences ◽

Breastfeeding Cessation ◽

Axis I

Introduction. The aim of this study is to assess how negative life events and adverse experiences with pregnancy, delivery, the infant(s), and breastfeeding cessation impact on postpartum depression (PPD), specifically in first lifetime and recurrent depression. Method. The study group comprised 104 mothers with a current episode of PPD and a control group of 104 mothers who did not have current PPD. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) was used for data collection. The course of the depression, adverse experiences, and breastfeeding were assessed by self-reports. Results. In age-adjusted multivariate analyses, mental and physical problems during pregnancy or delivery, postpartum problems with the infant and breastfeeding cessation, and negative life events during the previous 12 months were associated with postpartum depression. Eighteen percent (18%) of the mothers had first depression and 82% recurrent depression. Mental and physical problems during pregnancy or delivery were associated with both first lifetime and recurrent depression. Nevertheless, negative life events and infant/breastfeeding issues associated only with recurrent depression. Conclusion. Factors associated with pregnancy and delivery have an impact on PPD, but in recurrent depression other postnatal and psychosocial factors are also important risk factors.

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Distinct and interactive contributions of physical abuse, socioeconomic disadvantage, and negative life events to children's social, cognitive, and affective adjustment

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579400005897 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 77-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Alexandra Okun ◽

Jeffrey G. Parker ◽

Alytia A. Levendosky

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Abuse ◽

Life Events ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽

Negative Events ◽

Self Perceptions ◽

Children's Adjustment ◽

Peer Adjustment

AbstractPast research highlights the importance of considering the sequelae of physical abuse in the context of other risk factors and possible exacerbating circumstances. The present research examines the relative, unique, and interactive effects of physical abuse, sociocultural disadvantage, and cumulative negative life events. Multiple measures and data sources were used to assess the socioeconomic circumstances, exposure to recent negative events, and social, cognitive, and affective adjustment of 19 physically abused and 49 nonabused elementary school-age children. Results indicated that abuse strongly independently predicted problems in children's adjustment with peers, self-perceptions, and depression. Abuse was also related to increased behavioral problems at home and at school, though this relation abated and even reversed itself as social disadvantage increased. Cumulative negative events independently predicted negative self-perceptions and, for girls, increased depression. Socioeconomic hardship was independently related to children's cognitive maturity. In addition, socioeconomic disadvantage qualified the relation between negative events and children's adjustment to peers, such that increased negative events were related to lower peer adjustment among less disadvantaged children but increased peer adjustment of children with more disadvantage. These results support calls for a more contextualized approach to examining the developmental outcomes of physical abuse, one that considers multiple risk factors simultaneously.

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Association Between Changes in Risk Factor Status and Suicidal Ideation Incidence and Recovery

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000343 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 390-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Paul Siu Fai Yip ◽

Shu-Sen Chang ◽

Paul Wai Ching Wong ◽

Frances Yik Wa Law

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Life Events ◽

Irrational Beliefs ◽

Psychiatric Treatment ◽

Economic Status ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Persistent Unemployment

Abstract. Background: Little is known about risk factors associated with the incidence of and recovery from suicidal ideation. Aims: To examine the association between potential risk factors and their change in status over the follow-up period and the incidence of and recovery from suicidal ideation. Method: A 12-month follow-up survey was conducted among 997 adults aged between 20 and 59 years living in Hong Kong. Results: The incidence rates of suicidal ideation increased in individuals who were divorced, separated, or widowed, in low economic status, had a history of psychiatric treatment, and experienced bereavement at baseline. Experiencing three or more life events and persistent unemployment over the follow-up period was associated with increased incidence of suicidal ideation. Increased levels of depression, anxiety, hopelessness, and irrational beliefs were associated with suicidal ideation incidence in men but not in women (p = .009–.067 for interactions). Among individuals who had suicidal ideation at baseline, those who had increased severity of depression, anxiety, and hopelessness over the follow-up period were less likely to recover from suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Life events and persistent unemployment were associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation. Gender differences were detected in the association between changes in the status of psychological factors and the occurrence of suicidal ideation.

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Confucian Values, Negative Life Events, and Rural Young Suicide with Major Depression in China

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/0030222815575014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cun-Xian Jia ◽

Jie Zhang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Major Depression ◽

Life Events ◽

Suicide Prevention ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Confucian Values ◽

Same Gender ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The aim of this research was to understand the characteristics of rural young suicides with major depression in China and the relationship of these events with Confucian values and negative life events. Our cases were 90 rural suicides with major depression with victims aged 15 to 34 years and living matched controls of the same gender, age (within 3 years), and county of residence. Confucian values appear to be a protective factor for men but a risk factor for women with regard to suicide with major depression. More attention should be paid to Confucian values in suicide prevention efforts.

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Completed Suicide With Violent and Non-violent Methods by the Elderly in Rural China: A Psychological Autopsy Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.624398 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Rong-Ting Zhu ◽

Zhen-Yu Ma ◽

Cun-Xian Jia ◽

Liang Zhou

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Life Events ◽

Suicide Prevention ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Rural China ◽

Psychological Autopsy ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Completed Suicide

Background: Late-life suicide is a severe public health problem in rural China; however, knowledge regarding the specific characteristics and risk factors for completed suicide via violent and non-violent methods among elderly individuals in rural China is limited.Methods: Subjects aged 60 years or older were selected from rural areas in Shandong, Hunan, and Guangxi provinces in China. This study was a 1:1 matched case-control design conducted by using the psychological autopsy method.Results: According to the univariate analyses, the presence of mental disorder, higher degree of depression, loneliness, lack of social support, hopelessness, impulsivity, and increased quantity of life events were associated with suicide in both violent and non-violent methods. For violent suicide, another risk factor was the lack of pesticides at home. For non-violent suicide, other risk factors were not currently married, family suicide history, and alcohol use disorder (P < 0.05). Variables that remained in the logistic regression model were the severity of depressive symptoms for both violent and non-violent suicide. For non-violent suicide, the degree of hopelessness was another independent risk factor. In addition, violent suicides were more likely to lack pesticides at home, choose the spring season and have an increased quantity of life events than those who died by suicide via non-violent methods.Conclusion: The major risk factor for both violent and non-violent suicide was the severity of depressive symptoms. Suicide prevention measures that focus on depression among this vulnerable population are urgently needed. Moreover, the characteristics of suicides via violent methods differed from those via non-violent methods among elderly individuals. Suicide prevention efforts should be tailored to the specific characteristics of the different suicide methods utilized by older adults in rural areas.

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Awareness of putative risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease among elderly Koreans

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2007.00230.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Moon Ho Park ◽

Sangmee Ahn Jo ◽

Inho Jo ◽

Eunkyung Kim ◽

Eun Kyung Woo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Economic Status ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Sociodemographic Data ◽

Older Subjects ◽

Elderly Koreans

Objective:Although there are rapidly growing concerns about the high rates of cognitive dysfunction in Korea, the knowledge of risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among the general public in Korea remains to be elucidated.Methods:A total of 2767 randomly selected subjects from the Ansan Geriatric Study were questioned on their knowledge of putative risk factors for AD. Their answers were compared with their sociodemographic data and other variables.Results:The most common stated risk factor was being older (59.6%), followed by head trauma (33.6%) and cerebrovascular disease (30.4%). However, a substandard education, which is a known risk factor, was considered significant by only 9.5% of the subjects. Predictors for a worse knowledge of the risk factors for AD were being older, a lower level of education, lower economic status and the attitude that dementia is not curable.Conclusion:This study revealed that misunderstanding about AD is more prevalent in older subjects and those with a lower level of education, and so public health education on the basic concepts of AD should be targeted at this population.

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Faktor risiko kejadian kusta

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.25569 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 427

Author(s):

Aprizal Aprizal ◽

Lutfan Lazuardi ◽

Hardyanto Soebono

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Family Income ◽

Economic Status ◽

Residential Density ◽

Chi Square ◽

Water Contact ◽

Bcg Vaccination ◽

The People ◽

Regression Tests

Risk factors of leprosy in district of LamonganPurposeThis study aimed to know the risk factors of leprosy incidence in Lamongan district including economic status or family income, BCG vaccination, residential density, floor conditions, source of water, contact history, bathing habit using soap and using footwear. MethodsThe research was a case-control study. The subjects were the people who had clinical or laboratory symptoms, leprosy diagnosed and recorded in the health center register. The samples were 170 people, consisting of 85 cases and 85 controls. The data were analysed using chi-square and logistic regression tests, and the amount of the risk was calculated using odds ratio. ResultsThe risk-factors associated with the incidence of leprosy in Lamongan were the economic status or family income (OR=4.3 and p=0.001), BCG vaccination (OR=4.3 and p=0.050), residential density (OR=3.2 and p=0.001), floor conditions (OR=2.8 and p=0.051), source of water (OR=2.1 and p=0.033), contact history (OR=7.8 and p=0.001), bathing habit using soap (OR=3.1 and p=0.022) and using footwear (OR=3.1 and p=0.004). The dominant risk factor was BCG vaccination (OR = 8.1 and p=0.025). ConclusionThere were correlations between leprosy incidence and the economic status or family income, BCG vaccination, residential density, floor conditions, source of water, contact history, bathing habit using soap and using footwear. The dominant risk factor was BCG vaccination.

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Negative life events and internalizing problems among Romanian youth

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/13591045211055674 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135910452110556

Author(s):

Emanuel Adrian Sârbu ◽

Mihai-Bogdan Iovu ◽

Florin Lazăr

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Internalizing Symptoms ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Capital City ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Family Status ◽

Negative Effects ◽

The Relationship

During adolescence individuals face multiple stressful events, but it is not clear how these impact adolescents’ adjustment and what factors buffer their negative effects. The present exploratory study investigates the relationship between frequency, proximity, and intensity of negative life events and occurrence of internalizing symptoms in a sample of Romanian adolescents. 2690 youth aged 15–16 from capital city of Romania filled in a series of measures from Youth in Europe Study. Hierarchical regression was employed to test for the explanatory value of individual (gender and family status), relational (parents and peer support), and negative life events on depressive and anxiety symptoms. Frequency and proximity of negative life events explained 35.8% in the displaying of depressive symptoms. After controlling for individual and relational variables, occurrence, proximity, and intensity of negative life events significantly contributed to explaining heightened anxiety symptoms ( R 2 = .246). Adolescents reporting more frequent, earlier in time and more intensive negative events also reported more depressive and anxiety symptoms, thus, supporting the relationship between occurrence of adversities and negative mental health outcomes.

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