scholarly journals Didymocyrtis epiphyscia (Phaeosphaeriaceae) is new to Kazakhstan and Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Andrei Tsurykau ◽  
Ludmila Braginets
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
First Time

Didymocyrtis epiphyscia s. lat. is reported for the first time for Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Anatomical characteristics of studied material are provided. Taxonomic difficulties of the D. epiphyscia complex are discussed. A possibly new lichenicolous Didymocyrtis species (on Parmelia sulcata) with non-guttulate conidia is described, illustrated and discussed.

Sedelnikovaea baicalensis (Lecanoraceae) — new lichen genus and species for Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-416
Author(s):  
T. V. Makryi
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Northeastern Siberia ◽  
Mountain Belts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vast Range

Sedelnikovaea baicalensis, the Siberian-Central Asian lichen species, is recorded for the first time for Europe. Based on all the known localities, including those first-time reported from Baikal Siberia, the peculiarities of the ecology and distribution of this species are discussed, the map of its distribution is provided. It is concluded that the species was erroneously considered earlier as a Central Asian endemic. The center of the present range of this lichen is the steppes of Southern Siberia and Mongolia. Assumptions are made that S. baicalensis is relatively young (Paleogene-Neogene) species otherwise it would have a vast range extending beyond Asia, and also that the Yakut locations of this species indicate that in the Pleistocene its range was wider and covered a significant part of the Northeastern Siberia but later underwent regression. Based on the fact that in the mountains of Central Asia the species is found only in the upper mountain belts, it is proposed to characterize it as «cryo-arid xerophyte» in contrast to «arid xerophytes». A conclusion is made that the presence of extensive disjunctions of S. baicalensis range between the Southern Pre-Urals and the Altai-Sayan Mountains or the Mountains of Central Asia is unlikely; the lichen is most likely to occur in the Urals and most of Kazakhstan.

Millennial zoological mystery of medieval Persian scientists

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-227
Author(s):  
I.A. Gavrilov-Zimin ◽  
A.S. Kurochkin
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Native People ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Medieval Text ◽  
Red Dye ◽  
First Time ◽  
Salix Spp

Great medieval scientist-polymath Abu Rayhan Al-Beruni (973–1050) wrote in his book “Pharmacognosy” about some kind of “worms” inhabiting willows in Azerbaijan and Southern Iran and used by native people for producing of a red dye. It was unclear during one thousand years which organisms Al-Beruni noted as those dye-producing “worms”. Some modern authors even suggested that the relevant medieval text was partly erroneous. To the contrary, in the present paper we, for the first time, consider some species of the felt scale insects (Coccinea: Eriococcidae) as the organisms, which have probably been used for the production of the red dye in the medieval countries of Western and Central Asia. These insects are several species from two closely related genera Acanthococcus Signoret, 1875 and Gossyparia Signo­ret, 1875. The review of biological characters, identification key, new figures and colour photographs are provided for the species of Acanthococcus and Gossyparia associated with Salix spp. in the Asiatic Region. Acanthococcus turanicus Matesova, 1967, syn. nov. is placed in synonymy with A. salicis (Borchsenius, 1938), and A. altaicus Matesova, 1967, syn. nov. is placed in synonymy with A. spiraeae Borchsenius, 1949. Earlier discovered synonymy of A. melnikensis (Hodgson et Trencheva, 2008) with A. aceris Signoret, 1875 is discussed. Some other dye-producing scale insects and their pigments are also briefly considered.

New perspectives on Nephridiacanthus major (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) collected from hedgehogs in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Amin ◽  
M. Sharifdini ◽  
R.A. Heckmann ◽  
M. Zarean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

We describe morphological features not previously reported for this old acanthocephalan Nephridiacanthus major (Bremser, 1811 in Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1962 first described over 200 years ago. Our specimens were collected from long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770) (Erinaceidae) in Iran. We compare the morphometrics of our material with others previously reported from the same host in Iran, Russia, central Asia and Europe. Our specimens had markedly smaller proboscides, proboscis hooks and lemnisci than those reported from Russia and central Asia, but comparable measurements of other structures with specimens previously described from other collections. We document our new observations with scanning electron microscopy features not previously demonstrable by other observers and provide a chemical analysis of proboscis hooks using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis for the first time. The molecular profile of this acanthocephalan, based on 18S rDNA and cox1 genes, was generated for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis showed that N. major is placed in a clade of the family Oligacanthorhynchidae, well separated from the families Moniliformidae and Gigantorhynchidae.

scholarly journals Особенности бурятских вариантов Гэсэриады

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-857
Author(s):  
Ludmila S. Dampilova ◽  
◽  
Erzhena B. Ayusheeva
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Authentic Texts ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Introductory Part ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Introduction. The article aims to analyze Buryat versions of the epic Geser to identify their local features. It includes a detailed review not only of published texts, but also of manuscripts stored in the archives of Buryatia. For the first time, the regional versions of Geser are systematically examined as a necessary stage for further comparative studies of the genesis and transformation of epic traditions in Central Asia. Methods. The work uses comparative-historical and comparative methods of analysis. Of these, the latter was of key importance in comparing the versions of the epic that differ in terms of the place of their origin and temporal parameters. Results and discussion. The analysis began with a detailed discussion of published authentic texts of Geser represented by the Ekhirit-Bulagat and Ungin versions. Then, the features of archival versions of the epic are systematized and defined. The previous work on the plot composition and characters of each individual text is thoroughly compared to finally identify the features of the Buryat versions of the epic. Conclusion. The authors argue that the Ungin versions are quite close to the Mongolian ones, while the Ekhirit-Bulagat version, in their opinion, stands apart both in terms of their composition and themes. The introductory part of the uliger, a mythological prologue with a shamanic pantheon of deities, is characteristic only of the Buryat versions of Geser. Also, as far as the Western Buryat version is concerned, it may be pointed out that the influence of Buddhist teachings, which were not widespread in the heyday of the epic, was minimum. Of relevance are also the contaminations of the common Mongolian storytelling traditions with the characteristic motifs of the Central Asian epic. The identification of specific features of the local versions of Geser may expand our understanding of the specifics of the national epic as one of the main manifestations of traditional culture.

scholarly journals Architecture of dwarf shrubs and dwarf subshrubs of the genus of Thymus L. and Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00021
Author(s):  
Vera Cheryomushkina ◽  
Evgeniya Talovskaya ◽  
Alexandra Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Dwarf Shrubs ◽  
First Time ◽  
Architectural Unit

The structure of 24 species of Thymus and 12 species of Scutellaria was studied using the architectural approach. For the first time, an architectural unit was described, it is a branched sympodial axis. The architectural unit consists of sympodial axes n+1 order, formation shoots, branching shoots, ephemerous shoots. The wide distribution of species and development of species in contrasting habitat conditions is due to the diversity of sympodial axes and shoots that are part of the architectural unit. Depending on the type of branching and the spatial position of sympodial axes, six modifications of architectural unit were identified. It is established that the structure of mature individuals are formed due to the repetition one of the same modification of architectural unit or a combination different modifications of architectural unit. Each of the variants of the combination determines the type of life form (dwarf shrub or dwarf subshrub) and biomorph (monocentric, dense polycentric, sparse polycentric) and depends on the conditions of the ecotope. The identified modifications of the architectural unit and the variants of their combination determine the strategy for the development of dwarf shrubs and dwarf subshrubs in the development of Northern and Central Asia.

Systematics of Senecio section Crociseris (Compositae, Senecioneae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOEL CALVO ◽  
INÉS ÁLVAREZ ◽  
CARLOS AEDO
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
First Time ◽  
Northwestern Africa ◽  
Shape And Size

The complexity of the evolutionary history of Senecio is reflected in its conflicted taxonomy. Within this genus, Senecio section Crociseris (Compositae, Senecioneae), a group of perennial herbs distributed in Europe, western and Central Asia, and northwestern Africa, was not fully revised. A worldwide revision of this section recognizing 28 species and eight subspecies is presented here. The main morphological characters revealed as useful for distinguishing between species are the number and shape of supplementary and involucral bracts, synflorescence architecture, indumentum, and the shape and size of leaves and achenes. In this new taxonomic treatment S. provincialis and S. lagascanus have been segregated from S. doronicum, within which three subspecies are recognized (S. doronicum subsp. orientalis is validly published herein). On the other hand, S. ruthenensis from France and S. lusitanicus from Portugal have been synonymized to S. lagascanus, as well as S. ovatifolius, S. pisidicus, and S. tmoleus from Anatolia to S. kolenatianus, S. olympicus, and S. castagneanus respectively, S. bertramii from Lebanon to S. cilicius, and S. delbesianus from Syria to S. racemosus subsp. racemosus. Sixty eight names are lectotypified, the names S. barrelieri, S. pyrenaicus, and S. scopolii are neotypified, and one epitype is designated for the name S. perralderianus. Descriptions and distribution maps are provided for all the species included, as well as an identification key. Nine species are illustrated for the first time.

Anatomy of Culcita macrocarpa

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Subsidiary Cell ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Transverse Orientation ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Sieve Cells ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
First Time ◽  
Silica Crystals

The anatomy of Culcita macrocarpa Presl., the taxonomic position of which has been in dispute, is described in detail for the first time. The stem is solenostelic. Important diagnostic features are the presence of cubical cells with silica crystals in both cortex and pith, and a transverse orientation of some of the sieve cells. Each petiole has a U-shaped vascular bundle. Stomata are of the syndetocheilic type with one subsidiary cell. The indusium has abaxial and adaxial lips which are structurally dissimilar. Anatomical characteristics of the species justify its inclusion in the Cyatheaceae (sensu Holttum and Sen, 1961), and show close relationship with Thyrsopteris.

scholarly journals Microsatellite based molecular epidemiology of Leishmania infantum from re-emerging foci of visceral leishmaniasis in Armenia and pilot risk assessment by ecological niche modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0009288
Author(s):  
Katrin Kuhls ◽  
Olga Moskalenko ◽  
Anna Sukiasyan ◽  
Dezdemonia Manukyan ◽  
Gayane Melik-Andreasyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
First Time

Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is re-emerging in Armenia since 1999 with 167 cases recorded until 2019. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine for the first time the genetic diversity and population structure of the causative agent of VL in Armenia; (ii) to compare these genotypes with those from most endemic regions worldwide; (iii) to monitor the diversity of vectors in Armenia; (iv) to predict the distribution of the vectors and VL in time and space by ecological niche modeling. Methodology/Principal findings Human samples from different parts of Armenia previously identified by ITS-1-RFLP as L. infantum were studied by Multilocus Microsatellite Typing (MLMT). These data were combined with previously typed L. infantum strains from the main global endemic regions for population structure analysis. Within the 23 Armenian L. infantum strains 22 different genotypes were identified. The combined analysis revealed that all strains belong to the worldwide predominating MON1-population, however most closely related to a subpopulation from Southeastern Europe, Maghreb, Middle East and Central Asia. The three observed Armenian clusters grouped within this subpopulation with strains from Greece/Turkey, and from Central Asia, respectively. Ecological niche modeling based on VL cases and collected proven vectors (P. balcanicus, P. kandelakii) identified Yerevan and districts Lori, Tavush, Syunik, Armavir, Ararat bordering Georgia, Turkey, Iran and Azerbaijan as most suitable for the vectors and with the highest risk for VL transmission. Due to climate change the suitable habitat for VL transmission will expand in future all over Armenia. Conclusions Genetic diversity and population structure of the causative agent of VL in Armenia were addressed for the first time. Further genotyping studies should be performed with samples from infected humans, animals and sand flies from all active foci including the neighboring countries to understand transmission cycles, re-emergence, spread, and epidemiology of VL in Armenia and the entire Transcaucasus enabling epidemiological monitoring.

scholarly journals “THE FAUNA OF STONEFLIES (INSECTA: PLECOPTERA) IN UZBEKISTAN “

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 4878-4882
Author(s):  
Lebedeva N.I. Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
First Time

The article highlights information on the study of the fauna of stoneflies existing in the watercourses of Uzbekistan. Substantiating original collections and data from literary sources, a revision of the fauna of stoneflies in Uzbekistan, which includes 48 species from 19 genera and 7 families, was conducted. The endemic species have been identified for Central Asia and Uzbekistan for the first time.

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