scholarly journals Infection prevention measures and outcomes for surgical patients during a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in a tertiary hospital in Daegu, South Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Hwa Kwak ◽  
Jay Kyoung Kim ◽  
Ki Tae Kwon ◽  
Jinseok Yeo
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Prevention Measures

Local hospital experience of emergency management in the response to SARS (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Local Hospital ◽  
Referral Network ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Hospital Transmission

UNSTRUCTURED The ongoing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection was first identified in Wuhan, China at the late of 2019. Following the acceleration of the novel coronavirus spreading, person-person transmissions in family residences, hospitals and other public environments have led to a major public hazard in China. Currently, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been further developed into a public health emergency of international concern. In response to an occurring pandemic, hospitals need an emergency strategy and plan to manage their space, staff, and other essential resources, therefore, to provide optimum care to patients involved. In addition, infection prevention measures urgently need to be implemented to reduce in-hospital transmission and avoid the occurrence of virus super-spreading. For hospitals without capacity to manage severe patients, a referral network is often needed. We present our successful field experience regarding hospital emergency management and local hospitals network model in response to SARS-CoV-2 emerging epidemic.

scholarly journals Universal Masking to Control Healthcare-Associated Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Eliza R. Thompson ◽  
Faith S. Williams ◽  
Pat A. Giacin ◽  
Shay Drummond ◽  
Eric Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Va Health Care System ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Objective: To assess extent of a healthcare-associated outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 and evaluate effectiveness of infection control measures, including universal masking Design: Outbreak investigation including 4 large-scale point-prevalence surveys Setting: Integrated VA Health Care System with 2 facilities and 330 beds Participants: Index patient and 250 exposed patients and staff Methods: We identified exposed patients and staff and classified them as probable and confirmed cases based on symptoms and testing. We performed a field investigation and assessment of patient and staff interactions to develop probable transmission routes. Infection prevention interventions implemented included droplet and contact precautions, employee quarantine, and universal masking with medical and cloth facemasks. Four point-prevalence surveys of patient and staff subsets were conducted using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2. Results: Among 250 potentially exposed patients and staff, 14 confirmed cases of Covid-19 were identified. Patient roommates and staff with prolonged patient contact were most likely to be infected. The last potential date of transmission from staff to patient was day 22, the day universal masking was implemented. Subsequent point-prevalence surveys in 126 patients and 234 staff identified 0 patient cases and 5 staff cases of Covid-19, without evidence of healthcare-associated transmission. Conclusions: Universal masking with medical facemasks was effective in preventing further spread of SARS-CoV-2 in our facility in conjunction with other traditional infection prevention measures.

The impact of a multimodel approach to designing a new orthopedic department

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Elad Keren ◽  
Abraham Borer ◽  
Lior Nesher ◽  
Tali Shafat ◽  
Rivka Yosipovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Orthopedic Department ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: To determine whether a multifaceted approach effectively influenced antibiotic use in an orthopedics department. Design: Retrospective cohort study comparing the readmission rate and antibiotic use before and after an intervention. Setting: A 1,000-bed, tertiary-care, university hospital. Patients: Adult patients admitted to the orthopedics department between January 2015 and December 2018. Methods: During the preintervention period (2015–2016), 1 general orthopedic department was in operation. In the postintervention period (2017–2018), 2 separate departments were created: one designated for elective “clean” surgeries and another that included a “complicated wound” unit. A multifaceted strategy including infection prevention measures and introducing antibiotic stewardship practices was implemented. Admission rates, hand hygiene practice compliance, surgical site infections, and antibiotic treatment before versus after the intervention were analyzed. Results: The number of admissions and hospitalization days in the 2 periods did not change. Seven-day readmissions per annual quarter decreased significantly from the preintervention period (median, 7 days; interquartile range [IQR], 6–9) to the postintervention period (median, 4 days; IQR, 2–7; P = .038). Hand hygiene compliance increased and surgical site infections decreased in the postintervention period. Although total antibiotic use was not reduced, there was a significant change in the breakdown of the different antibiotic classes used before and after the intervention: increased use of narrow-spectrum β-lactams (P < .001) and decreased use of β-lactamase inhibitors (P < .001), third-generation cephalosporins (P = .044), and clindamycin (P < .001). Conclusions: Restructuring the orthopedics department facilitated better infection prevention measures accompanied by antibiotic stewardship implementation, resulting in a decreased use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and a significant reduction in readmission rates.

scholarly journals Impact of joint management of a COVID-19 mother and her newborn on the virus transmission: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara De Nardo ◽  
Anna Rita Bellomo ◽  
Francesca Perfetti ◽  
Francesco Antonino Battaglia ◽  
Miriam Lichtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Transplacental Transmission ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Infected Mother ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Joint Management ◽  
Healthy Neonate

Abstract Background Since last year, COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel Sars-Cov-2 virus, has been globally spread to all the world. COVID-19 infection among pregnant women has been described. However, transplacental transmission of Sars-Cov-2 virus from infected mother to the newborn is not yet established. The appropriate management of infants born to mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 and the start of early breastfeeding are being debated. Case presentation We report a case of the joint management of a healthy neonate with his mother tested positive for Covid-19 before the delivery and throughout neonatal follow-up. The infection transmission from the mother to her baby is not described, even after a long period of contact between them and breastfeeding. Conclusion It may consider an appropriate practice to keep mother and her newborn infant together in order to facilitate their contact and to encourage breastfeeding, although integration with infection prevention measures is needed.

scholarly journals Looking into the life of technology-dependent children and their caregivers in Korea: lifting the burden of too many responsibilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hyeon Choi ◽  
Min Sun Kim ◽  
Cho Hee Kim ◽  
In Gyu Song ◽  
June Dong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dependent Children

Abstract Background The number of technology-dependent children (TDC) is increasing in South Korea, but available healthcare services after their discharge are poor. This study aimed to examine how TDC and caregivers live at home and identify their difficulties and needs regarding home care with few services to support them. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital for children in South Korea. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by primary caregivers of TDC who were younger than 19 years and had been dependent on medical devices for more than 3 months. Technologies included home mechanical ventilation, oxygen supplementation, suction equipment, enteral feeding tube, and home total parenteral nutrition. Patterns of healthcare use and home care of TDC and caregivers’ perception toward child were assessed. Results A total of 74 primary caregivers of TDC completed a self-reported questionnaire. About 60% children were aged under 5 years. There were 31.1% children who required both respiratory and nutritional support. On average, caregivers took care of a child for 14.4 (±6.1) hours, slept for 5.6 (±1.6) hours, and spent 2.4 h per day on personal activities. Children used hospital services for 41.3 (±45.6) days in 6 months, and most (78.1%) were transported through private car/ambulance. Participants (75.6%) reported taking more than an hour to get to the hospital. More than 80% of caregivers responded that child care is physically very burdensome. The only statistically significant relationships was between economic status and financial burden (p = 0.026). Conclusions Caregivers of TDC reported having significant time pressure regarding childcare-related tasks, insufficient time for personal activities, and inefficient hospital use because of inadequate medical services to support them in South Korea. Thus, it is necessary to support caregivers and develop a home care model based on current medical environment.

scholarly journals The nationwide retrospective cohort study by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service proves that asthma management decreases the exacerbation risk of asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam-Eun Kim ◽  
Sanghun Lee ◽  
Bo Yeon Kim ◽  
Ae Gi Hwang ◽  
Ji Hyeon Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Insurance Claims Data ◽  
Health Insurance Claims Data ◽  
Exacerbation Risk

AbstractMedical costs have recently increased in South Korea due to the rising rate of asthma. Primary clinics serve an important role in asthma management, as they are the first stop for patients presenting with symptoms. The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) in South Korea has assessed asthma-management quality since 2013, but studies are lacking on whether these assessments have been performed properly and contribute toward reducing asthma exacerbations. Therefore, we investigated whether the HIRA’s quality assessments have decreased asthma exacerbations using national health insurance claims data from 2013 to 2017 of 83,375 primary-clinic and 15,931 tertiary-hospital patients with asthma. These patients were classified into four groups based on disease severity according to the monthly prescribed amount of asthma medication using K-means clustering. The associations between HIRA assessments and asthma exacerbation were analyzed using a generalized estimating equation. Our results showed that exacerbation odds gradually decreased as the HIRA assessments progressed, especially in the mild-severity group, and that exacerbation risk among patients with asthma decreased in the order of assessment grades: “Unsatisfactory,” “Satisfactory,” and “Tertiary.” Therefore, we may conclude that asthma exacerbations may decrease with high quality asthma management; appropriate quality assessment could be helpful in reducing asthma exacerbations.

scholarly journals Relationship between serum total magnesium and serum potassium in emergency surgical patients in a tertiary hospital in Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Djagbletey ◽  
Brenda Phillips ◽  
Frank Boni ◽  
Christian Owoo ◽  
Ebenezer Owusu-Darkwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Total Magnesium

scholarly journals Changing Pattern of Antibiotics Usage Among Hospitalized Patients of a Tertiary Hospital in South Korea: 2004–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S327-S327
Author(s):  
Bongyoung Kim ◽  
Hyeonjun Hwang ◽  
Myoung-Jae Lee ◽  
Jieun Kim ◽  
Hyunjoo Pai
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Stepwise Increase ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

Abstract Background This study was performed to evaluate the changing pattern of antibiotics usage among hospitalized patients of tertiary hospital in South Korea. Methods Total antibiotics prescription record of hospitalized patients from 2004 to 2013 were collected at a tertiary university hospitals. The antibiotics is defined as class J01 from anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system (ATC). The consumption of each class of antibiotic was converted to defined daily dose (DDD)/1,000 patient-days by using ATC of World Health Organization. Results Over the 10-year study period, the annual consumption of systemic antibiotics ranged from 815.10 to 1047.96. The proportion of broad-spectrum antibiotics and non-broad-spectrum antibiotics use are as follows: 45.4% (417.55/920.69) vs.. 54.6% (503.15/920.69), respectively. A 16.9% of decrease in total antibiotics consumption was observed in 2013 compared with 2004 (1000.69 in 2004 vs.. 831.46 in 2013). The decrease rate of non-broad spectrum antibiotics usage was 39.3% during the study period (607.21 in 2004 vs. 368.88 in 2013). In contrast, a stepwise increase in consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics was observed (14.9% of increase; 393.48 in 2004 vs. 462.58 in 2013). Among broad-spectrum antibiotics, a significant decrease trend was observed for third-generation cephaloporins (P &lt; 0.001). In contrast, a significant increase trend was observed for β-lactam/lactamase (P &lt; 0.001). The monthly overall consumption trend of fluoroquinolones and glycopeptides remained stable (P = 0.061; P = 0.107, respectively). In addition, there were significant decrease trends for consumption of non-broad-spectrum antibiotics, including first generation cephalosporins (P = 0.019) and aminoglycosides (P = 0.004). However, the consumption of second generation cephalosporins, imidazole and penicillins showed a stable trend (P = 0.175; P = 320; P = 0.234, respectively). Conclusion A total antibiotics consumption showed significantly decrease trend from 2004 to 2013. In contrast, a stepwise increase in consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics was observed in the tertiary hospital in South Korea. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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