scholarly journals Interaction between dolphins and coastal fisheries and using acoustic deterrent in reducing of interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Emre Namlıtürk
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The South ◽  
Coastal Fisheries ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fisheries Interactions

This study was conducted at the Unye-Ordu coasts of the South-eastern Black Sea, from May 2015 and February 2017, to investigate the frequency of dolphins-bottom gillnet fisheries interactions, the role of using acoustic deterrent in reducing the damage inflicted by the dolphins to the gillnets and to the fish caught in the gillnets. For this purpose, two gillnet sets with similar technical and equipment characteristics were prepared. While one of the groups had acoustic deterrent (active group), the other did not have acoustic deterrent (control group). In the study were used Future Oceans (70 kHz) deterrent. During the study, in only 3 of the 65 fishing trials have determined the interaction of dolphins with gillnets. It was determined that the number of holes in the gillnets caused by the dolphins was 36.3% less in the nets with acoustic deterrent than the control nets. On the other hand, the CPUE value of the whiting was estimated as 2.01 ± 0.23 kg km-1 s-1 in the gillnets with acoustic deterrent and 1.97 ± 0.24 kg km-1 s-1 in the control nets. These results showed that the use of acoustic deterrent does not have a negative effect on the catch of whiting caught in the gillnets.

‘Brown-Clay’ Amphorae from Gonio (Apsaros)

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Paulina Komar
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Local Production ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Brown Clay

This paper presents the first study of the so-called ‘brown-clay’ amphorae discovered by the Gonio-Apsaros Polish-Georgian Expedition in the Roman fort of Apsaros (modern Gonio, Georgia) between 2014 and 2018. In the course of five excavation seasons, 157 diagnostic fragments of these containers were attested, all belonging to variants Ch 1B2 and Ch 1C dated to between c. 50 BC and the 3rd century AD. Thus, they confirm the existence of the Apsaros fortress during the first three centuries of the present era. Both Colchian and south-eastern Pontic containers were found in Apsaros, the latter produced probably in Trapezus. This suggests the south-eastern Pontic provenance of some of the imports in Apsaros, especially until the end of the 1st century AD. On the other hand, local production of containers indicates that the area of the fortress might have produced food surpluses (probably wine), which during the late 1st and throughout the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD were exported to other areas neighbouring the Black Sea.

scholarly journals INSIGHTS INTO THE ROLE OF MORUS ALBA IN REVERSING OBESITY-ASSOCIATED HEPATIC STEATOSIS AND RELATED METABOLIC DISORDER IN RATS

2016 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Hanaa H. Ahmed ◽  
Fatehya M Metwally ◽  
Hend Rashad ◽  
Asmaa M Zaazaa
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
The Other ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: The goal of the present study was to examine the viability of Morus alba (M. alba) ethanolic extract in repression of obesity-associated<br />hepatic steatosis and related metabolic disorder; dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and glycemic status.<br />Methods: Adult female albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups, eight rats each as follows: Group (1) control group received standard<br />rodent diet for 24 weeks. The other three groups administered high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks and served as obese group, M. alba-treated group,<br />and simvastatin-treated group.<br />Results: The current results showed an increment in thoracic circumference (TCX) and abdominal circumferences (AC) as well as body mass index<br />(BMI) in obese group. In addition, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance have been elucidated in obese group.<br />Moreover, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and bilirubin<br />values were significantly increased in obese groups versus control group. On the other hand, administration of ethanolic extract of Morus alba or<br />simvastatin could significantly lessen BMI and in addition to improve dyslipidemia in obese group. Glucose, insulin levels, and insulin resistance value<br />in serum samples demonstrated a significant reduction in obese group upon treatment with M. alba ethanolic extract or simvastatin. Furthermore,<br />noticeable depletion in hepatic MDA, NO contents, serum ALT, AST activities, and serum bilirubin level was recorded as a result of treatment with<br />either ethanolic extract of M. alba or simvastatin. Histopathological examination of liver tissue showed ballooning degeneration in the hepatocytes<br />(hepatic steatosis) associated with inflammatory cells penetration in portal zone in obese group. Meanwhile, the treatment of obese groups with<br />ethanolic extract of M. alba or simvastatin was found to restore the structural organization of the liver.<br />Conclusion: The present findings provide a novel aspect for understanding of the role of M. alba against obesity-associated liver diseases and related<br />metabolic disorder. The mechanisms underlying these effects seem to depend on the hypolipidemic potential, anti-inflammatory property, and<br />antioxidant activity of its phytochemicals.<br />Keywords: Obesity, Morus alba, Dyslipidemia, Hyperinsulinemia, Hyperglycemia, Hepatic steatosis.</p>

scholarly journals Phytoplankton community composition in the south-eastern Black Sea determined with pigments measured by HPLC-CHEMTAX analyses and microscopy cell counts

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertugrul Agirbas ◽  
Ali Muzaffer Feyzioglu ◽  
Ulgen Kopuz ◽  
Carole A. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Phytoplankton Community Structure ◽  
The South ◽  
Coastal Station ◽  
Chl A ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Offshore Station

The phytoplankton community structure and abundance in the south-eastern Black Sea was measured from February to December 2009 using and comparing high performance liquid chromatography pigment and microscopy analyses. The phytoplankton community was characterized by diatoms, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores, as revealed by both techniques. Fucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, peridinin and 19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin were the main accessory pigments showing significant correlation with diatom-C r2 = 0.56–0.71, P < 0.05), diatom-C (r2 = 0.85–0.91, P < 0.001), dinoflagellate-C (r2 = 0.39–0.88, P < 0.05) and coccolithophore-C (r2 = 0.80–0.71, P < 0.05), respectively. Microscopy counts indicated a total of 89 species, 71% of which were dinoflagellates, 23% were diatoms and 6% other species (mainly coccolithophores). Pigment-CHEMTAX analysis also indicated the presence of pico- and nanoplankton. Phytoplankton carbon (phyto-C) concentrations were highest in the upper water column, whereas chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) showed a deep maximum. Average phyto-C was higher at the coastal station (291 ± 66 µg l−1) than at the offshore station (258 ± 35 µg l−1), not statistically different (P > 0.05). The coastal station also had higher Chl-a concentrations (0.52–3.83 µg l−1) compared to the offshore station (0.63–2.55 µg l−1), not significant (P > 0.05). Our results are consistent with other studies and indicate that the southern Black Sea is shifting towards mesotrophy with the increasing prevalence of dinoflagellates compared to diatoms.

The grand platform of Huangchengtai at Shimao site in Shenmu, Shaanxi

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
The Core ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Multiple Contexts ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Stone Carvings ◽  
Longshan Period

Abstract Remains of the grand platform in the locus of Huangchengtai at Shimao site in Shenmu, Shaanxi was discovered and excavated during the 2018–2019 season. The south-eastern corner and southern buttress of the platform were revealed. The locations of the other three sides of the buttresses were also preliminarily confirmed. As many as 70 stone carvings were discovered from multiple contexts, including the surface of the southern buttress, the floor of the corridor, as well as the debris of the southern buttress inside the corridor. The relative chronology of this platform and stone carvings cannot be later than the late Longshan period. The absolute date ranges from 2000 BCE to 1800 BCE. Fieldwork performed at the grand platform encourages multiple archaeological discussions, including the settlement layout within the Huangchengtai area, the nature of the settlement, and its role as the core of the Shimao site.

scholarly journals Population parameters of the pontic shad, Alosa immaculata Bennett, 1835 in the Fatsa coast of the south-eastern Black Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
İsmet Balık
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Exploitation Rate

The aim of this study is to estimate population parameters of pontic shad, Alosa immaculata Bennett, 1835 in the Fatsa coast of the south-eastern Black Sea. A total of 314 pontic shad specimens were collected from study area using artisanal fishing gears from March 2013 to February 2014. In the study, parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equation were found as L∞=43.05 cm; k=0.430 per year and t0=-0.451 year. The growth performance index (Φ') was estimated as 2.90. The total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fishing mortality rates (F) were calculated as 1.33 year-1, 0.75 year-1 and 0.58 year-1, respectively. The annual instantaneous fishing mortality rate was greater than both the target (Fopt=0.375 year-1) and limit (Flimit=0.50 year-1) biological reference points. Similarly, the present level of exploitation rate (E=0.43) was higher than the exploitation ratio for maximum yield per recruit (Emax=0.375) suggesting that overexploitation occurred. These results showed that this species has been over-exploited in the Fatsa coast of the south-eastern Black Sea. Measures should be taken to reduce the current exploitation rate for sustainable fishing of pontic shad in the Fatsa coast of the south-eastern Black Sea.

scholarly journals NOTES ON THE LIISSILÄ INGRIAN FINNISH DIALECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-575
Author(s):  
Mehmet Zakirovich Muslimov
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Special Group ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Imperfect Form ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Baltic

The article focuses on some peculiarities of the Ingrian Finnish dialect spoken in the former Lutheran parish of Liissilä in Central Ingria.Two main pecularities of the Liissilä dialect are the imperative 2Sg -kai and a special group of verb type with the -oi stem ending. Most of the isoglosses, which were previously proposed as typical of the Äyrämöinen dialect, are currently absent in the Liissilä dialect. The dialect of Liissilä partially preserves two old pecularities of the Äyrämöinen dialect, namely nouns ending in - ее and verbs ending in - oi. On the other hand, there are quite a lot of areal isoglosses, which are common in local dialects of both Savakko (Inkere, Venjoki) and Äyrämöinen (Liissilä, Tuutari) parishes. These isoglosses include tarttu ‘potato’, potra ‘beautiful’, hirvitä ‘to be afraid’, the presence of the diphthong in the 3Sg imperfect form, the 1Pl affix -mma , the vowel ö in the verb pölästyy ‘to be scared’, the present stem niäe- of the verb nähhä ‘to see’ and some others. In the Linguistic Atlas of the Baltic-Finnish Languages the dialect zones of the Finnish language, including such units as the “South-Eastern Southern dialect” or the “dialect of Northern Khyame” are classified as “Evremeysky dialect”, “Savaksky dialect” and “dialect of Narvusi” in the territory of Ingria.

scholarly journals The Possible Role of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 on Locomotor Activity and Oxidative Stress in a Rotenone-Induced Zebrafish Model of Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie ◽  
Emanuela Paduraru ◽  
Madalina-Andreea Robea ◽  
Ioana-Miruna Balmus ◽  
Roxana Jijie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group

Background. As every organ within the body, the brain is also extremely susceptible to a plethora of noxious agents that change its chemistry. One component frequently found in current products against harmful species to crops is rotenone whose effect under prolonged exposure has been demonstrated to cause neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. The latest reports have indeed revealed that rotenone promotes Parkinson’s in humans, but studies aiming to show congruent effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) are lacking. Material and Methods. In this context, the aim of the present study was to demonstrate how chronic administration of rotenone for 3 weeks impairs the locomotor activity and sociability and induces oxidative stress in zebrafish. Results. There were no statistically significant differences following the analysis of their social interaction and locomotor tests ( p > 0.05 ). However, several exceptions have been noted in the control, rotenone, and probiotics groups when we compared their locomotor activity during the pretreatment and treatment interval ( p < 0.05 ). We further assessed the role of rotenone in disturbing the detoxifying system as represented by three enzymes known as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Despite the fact that there were no statistically significant changes within SOD and GPx levels between the control group and rotenone, probiotics, and rotenone + probiotics ( p > 0.05 ), relevant changes have been observed between the analyzed groups ( p < 0.05 and p < 0.005 , respectively). On the other hand, significant differences ( p < 0.05 ) have been observed for MDA when we analyzed the data between the control group and the other three groups. Conclusions. Our results suggest that rotenone can be successfully used to trigger Parkinson’s disease-related symptomatology in zebrafish.

Settlement of early Byzantine time at the Kyz-Aul necropolis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Ф. Федосеев ◽  
Л.Ю. Пономарев
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Living Room ◽  
The South ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Village ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
Early Byzantine

Necropolis Kyz-Aul is located on the Black Sea coast, 1 km to the south-east of the village. Yakovenkovo. In 1930, 1979–1983, 1985, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2005–2006, 2015–2017, he was investigated by Yu. Martti, O. Chevelev, N. Sudarev and N. Fedoseev. Separate burials date back to the II–I BC, the burial of the I–III AD the most recent burials, apparently, were committed in the IV–V AD. In the VI – third quarter of the VII century AD on the territory of the already abandoned necropolis, a small settlement was located. Its cultural stratum is traced on all sites that have been followed in the last decade. As living quarters, the looted crypts of the 1st–3rd centuries AD were adapted, consisting of one or two funerary cells and built of massive blocks of limestone (№ 6, 7, 9, 10). With exception of the crypts of the poorly preserved pit of the semidugout (?) other residential and household buildings on the necropolis could not be fixed. One child burial also belongs to the same period. The most well-preserved living room in the crypt number 6. In one of its funerary cells housed five household pits and heating devices, including a fireplace, reminiscent of the design of the fireplace. In the other crypts, the interior details of the “underground” dwellings have not been preserved. In the “Khazar” time burial chamber crypts were adapted for the maintenance of small cattle. The time of the early Byzantine settlement on the necropolis dates numerous finds of amphorae. The upper date was determined thanks to the coin of 674 Constantine IV Pogonat. In addition, a ring with the image of an archangel was found, an analogy of which is known in the burial complexes of the 7th century. Unfortunately, the area and location of the necropolis of this settlement is not yet established. Cannot be reconstructed and its layout. It is difficult to reconstruct the interior of the “underground” dwellings themselves, since the crypts were reused in the “Khazar” period. In addition, no other settlements of this time were found on the ancient necropolises of the Kerch Peninsula

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document