scholarly journals Database "Climate parameters of seed provenances of pine in northern eurasia"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Parfenova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Climate Parameters ◽  
July Temperature

Database is created for pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seeds weight from different habitats of northern Eurasia. Each database record consists of the following fields: latitude, longitude, July temperature, January temperature, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation, precipitation of vegetation period, growing degree days of vegetation period, degree days of winter period. Database is of 200 records long distributed along the whole area of pine in northern Eurasia.

Relationships between nitrogen, acid-unhydrolyzable residue, and climate among tree foliar litters

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Berg ◽  
Chunjiang Liu ◽  
Ryszard Laskowski ◽  
Matthew Davey
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Common Oak

Using literature data, we investigated coniferous and broadleaf litter from 58 tree species using a database encompassing concentrations of N and acid-unhydrolyzable residue (AUR) (gravimetric lignin) in newly shed litter, mean annual temperature, and mean annual precipitation. Our aims were to (i) demonstrate any large-scale relationships between concentrations of N and AUR in foliar litter and (ii) determine differences in this respect among litter from Pinus and Quercus. To this end, we had collected foliar litter data for Asia and Europe, forming a climate gradient. Litter from broadleaf and coniferous trees differed significantly in concentrations of N (p < 0.0001, 9.64 versus 5.50 mg/g, respectively) and AUR (p < 0.0001, 219 versus 292 mg/g, respectively). There were highly significant positive linear relationships between concentrations of N and AUR for broadleaf (p < 0.0001) and coniferous litter (p < 0.0001). There were also significant positive relationships for AUR as a function of N concentration for the genera Pinus and Quercus but not within species. That for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was negative and that for common oak (Quercus robur L.) not significant.

scholarly journals Research on the morphology, biology, productivity and yields quality of the Amaranthus cruentus L. in the southern part of Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1413-1425
Author(s):  
Maria TOADER ◽  
Alina M. IONESCU ◽  
Cosmin SONEA ◽  
Emil GEORGESCU
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Cultivation Technology

Currently, according to the specialists in the field, Amaranthus species are part of alternative agricultural crops recommended for organic farming. In this context, our scientific approach is to analyse the adaptability of these species in the specific conditions of the southern part of Romania (Reviga village, Ialomita County). Thus, for two consecutive years, two varieties of Amaranthus cruentus, namely ‘Bolivia 153’ and ‘Golden Giant’, were studied regarding: morphology, biology, cultivation technology, plant productivity and quality of yields in the organic farming conditions. After the study period, the ‘Golden Giant’ variety was characterized by the following: 8 days - sowing-emergence period; flowering start on 21 July; 124 days - vegetation period; 839.3 Growing Degree Days (GDD) (Σ t °C > 15 °C); 23.24 g - grains mass per plant; 1.375 g - Thousand Weight Grains (TWG); 2,647 kg ha-1 - grains yields. By comparison, ‘Bolivia 153’ variety plants were presented as follows: 11 days - sowing-emergence period; flowering start on 21 July; 127 days - vegetation period; 842.4 GDD; 22.09 g - grains mass per plant; 1.46 g TWG; 23.78 kg ha-1 - grains yields. In average, the chemical composition of Amaranthus cruentus grains was: 15.20% proteins; 51.70% starch; 5.96% lipids; 13.36% cellulose and 3.35% ash. In conclusion, the experimentation area proved to be favourable to Amaranthus cruentus cultivation, so that the tested varieties behaved well, had a fairly uniform emergences, and the good level of grains yields and quality.

scholarly journals Effect of cumulative growing degree day on accumulation of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) root reserve saccharides

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Josef Hakl ◽  
Jaromír Šantrůček ◽  
Pavel Fuksa ◽  
Josef Kalista
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between growing degree day method and accumulation of root reserve saccharides before over wintering by alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in the condition of Czech Republic. In 2002–2004, the field experiment was conducted at the Research station of the Czech University of Life Sciences in central Bohemia. The interval between summer and last autumn harvest was 40–50 days or 60–70 days, respectively. These intervals were expressed as cumulative growing degree-days (GDD) for each year. The plants were sampled in each autumn with four replicates for each variant; the average depth of sampling was 150 mm. The weight of roots, amount of starch, and water soluble saccharides (WSC) per m2 was determined. The total accumulation of root reserve saccharides was determined mainly by conditions during all vegetation period. The length of the interval or cumulative GDD influenced only variation of this basic amount. The GDD was corresponded better with starch content whilst WSC was more related to length of the interval. In central Bohemia condition, the GDD 600–700 °C was preliminary determined for maximal accumulation of root reserve saccharides. The GDD above this level did not significantly increase the root reserve accumulation. For exact verify of this model, other experiments in more sites are needed.

Evaluation of Finger Millet Varieties under Rainfed Condition of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Singh ◽  
VINOD KUMAR ◽  
SHAMBHU PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was carried out during the kharif of 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the yield potential, economics and thermal utilization in eleven finger millet varieties under the rainfed condition of the sub-humid environment of South Bihar of Eastern India. Results revealed that the significantly higher grain yield (20.41 q ha-1), net returns (Rs 25301) and B: C ratio (1.51) was with the finger millet variety ‘GPU 67’ but was being at par to ‘GPU28’and ‘RAU-8’, and significantly superior over remaining varieties. The highest heat units (1535.1oC day), helio-thermal units (7519.7oC day hours), phenothermal index (19.4 oC days day-1) were recorded with variety ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘RAU 8’ and ‘GPU 28’ and lowest in ‘VL 149’ at 50 % anthesis stage. Similarly, the highest growing degree days (2100 oC day), helio-thermal units (11035.8 oC day hours) were noted with ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘RAU 8’ and ‘GPU 28’ at maturity. The highest heat use efficiency (0.97 kg ha-1 oC day) and helio-thermal use efficiency (0.19 kg ha-1 oC day hour) were in ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘VL 315’.

scholarly journals Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham W. Charles ◽  
Brian M. Sindel ◽  
Annette L. Cowie ◽  
Oliver G. G. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Planting Season

AbstractField studies were conducted over six seasons to determine the critical period for weed control (CPWC) in high-yielding cotton, using common sunflower as a mimic weed. Common sunflower was planted with or after cotton emergence at densities of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 plants m−2. Common sunflower was added and removed at approximately 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900 growing degree days (GDD) after planting. Season-long interference resulted in no harvestable cotton at densities of five or more common sunflower plants m−2. High levels of intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred at the highest weed densities, with increases in weed biomass and reductions in crop yield not proportional to the changes in weed density. Using a 5% yield-loss threshold, the CPWC extended from 43 to 615 GDD, and 20 to 1,512 GDD for one and 50 common sunflower plants m−2, respectively. These results highlight the high level of weed control required in high-yielding cotton to ensure crop losses do not exceed the cost of control.

scholarly journals Growth and Development of Purple Nutsedge Based on Days or Thermal Units

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S.O. Lima ◽  
E.C.R. Machado ◽  
A.P.P. Silva ◽  
B.S. Marques ◽  
M.F. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Independent Trials

This work was carried out with the objective of elaborating mathematical models to predict growth and development of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) based on days or accumulated thermal units (growing degree days). Thus, two independent trials were developed, the first with a decreasing photoperiod (March to July) and the second with an increasing photoperiod (August to November). In each trial, ten assessments of plant growth and development were performed, quantifying total dry matter and the species phenology. After that, phenology was fit to first degree equations, considering individual trials or their grouping. In the same way, the total dry matter was fit to logistic-type models. In all regressions four temporal scales possibilities were assessed for the x axis: accumulated days or growing degree days (GDD) with base temperatures (Tb) of 10, 12 and 15 oC. For both photoperiod conditions, growth and development of purple nutsedge were adequately fit to prediction mathematical models based on accumulated thermal units, highlighting Tb = 12 oC. Considering GDD calculated with Tb = 12 oC, purple nutsedge phenology may be predicted by y = 0.113x, while species growth may be predicted by y = 37.678/(1+(x/509.353)-7.047).

CHLOROGENIC ACID CONTENT OF SUNFLOWER SEED FLOUR AS AFFECTED BY SEEDING AND HARVEST DATE

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. DORRELL
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Normal Field ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Seeding Date

The effect of seeding date on the chlorogenic acid content of sunflower seed flour was determined by seeding the cultivars Krasnodarets and Peredovik at seven dates, starting on 14 May, over 3 yr. Sequential plantings were made at increments of approximately 70 growing degree days (base = 5.6 C). Plants were harvested at normal field maturity. The time and rate of deposition of chlorogenic acid was determined by harvesting plants at 7-day intervals from 21 to 49 days after flowering. The seeds were dehulled and defatted before determining the chlorogenic acid content of the flour. Chlorogenic acid content declined steadily from an average of 4.22% for the first seeding to 3.30% for the last seeding. About one-half of the total chlorogenic acid was present 21 days after flowering. Deposition continued rapidly for the next 14 days then the level began to stabilize. Delay in seeding tended to shorten the period of vegetative growth and shift the deposition of chlorogenic acid to a cooler portion of the growing season. It is suggested that a combination of these factors caused the reduction in chlorogenic acid content of sunflower flour.

scholarly journals Mid-Holocene climate change in Europe: a data-model comparison

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Brewer ◽  
J. Guiot ◽  
F. Torre
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Model ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Holocene Climate Change ◽  
Correct Location

Abstract. We present here a comparison between the outputs of 25 General Circulation Models run for the mid-Holocene period (6 ka BP) with a set of palaeoclimate reconstructions based on over 400 fossil pollen sequences distributed across the European continent. Three climate parameters were available (moisture availability, temperature of the coldest month and growing degree days), which were grouped together using cluster analysis to provide regions of homogenous climate change. Each model was then investigated to see if it reproduced 1) similar patterns of change and 2) the correct location of these regions. A fuzzy logic distance was used to compare the output of the model with the data, which allowed uncertainties from both the model and data to be taken into account. The models were compared by the magnitude and direction of climate change within the region as well as the spatial pattern of these changes. The majority of the models are grouped together, suggesting that they are becoming more consistent. A test against a set of zero anomalies (no climate change) shows that, although the models are unable to reproduce the exact patterns of change, they all produce the correct signs of change observed for the mid-Holocene.

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