Bioeffect of Negative Ionized Air Impact on the Course of Reparative Processes in the Organism after Gamma-irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
С. Татаркин ◽  
S. Tatarkin ◽  
А. Шафиркин ◽  
A. Shafirkin ◽  
М. Баранцева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Ionized Air ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The integrated research of the reaction of the hematopoietic system, including hematopoietic, metabolic changes in the cells and modify their antioxidant capacity during the recovery period after radiation exposure at doses and concentrations that are typical for interplanetary flight: 1) in isolation, i.e. without any external influence; 2) under the influence of negatively ionized air. Material and methods: The study was conducted on sexually mature mice of line F1(CBA×C57BL6) subject to the rules and regulations of biomedical ethics on the basis of SSC RF IBMP RAS. The pilot study included 2 stages: 1) fractionated γ-irradiation (350 cGy) with the duration of 63 days; 2) the recovery period, lasting 28 days, during which the animals were exposed to negatively ionized air (daily for 70 min). Studied cytological, morphological, biochemical parameters of hematopoiesis: the total number of nucleated cells (bone marrow); the amount of production of erythrocytes, reticulocytes, hemoglobin (in peripheral blood); the content of ATP, lactate, glutathione, activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (in erythrocyte); the ratio and amount of lipid fractions (in the membrane of erythrocytes). Results: The biological effect of the impact of negatively ionized air on the course of reparative processes in the body after gamma irradiation consists in the accelerated recovery of the number of peripheral blood cells and in a more pronounced degree of myeloid growth, due to: • increase in the rate of recovery of energy production processes (increase in LDH activity, improvement of lactate and ATP, and more pronounced normalization of oxidation-reduction processes), which facilitates recapitalization of cells with lipid membrane saturation with membrane cholesterol. • membrane-protective effect of negatively ionized air, based on the restoration of the membrane potential of cells expressing negative effects of blood cells; • increased life span of cells in peripheral blood and smaller values of the half-life of granulocytes from the bloodstream in the tissue.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE INTERRELATION OF CYTOGENETIC HOMEOSTASIS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE ORGANISM OF GOBY FISH (GOBIIDAE) OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Kuzina ◽  
Maya L. Galaktionova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Fish Blood ◽  
The Impact

Aim. The aim is to investigate the relationship between the content of micronuclei, destructive disorders in the nuclei of erythrocytes of peripheral blood of the goby fish and intensity of lipid peroxidation in fish tissues. Methods. Was used the method of quantitative accounting of morphologically altered red blood cells of peripheral blood of goby fish. Evaluation of cytogenetic disorders in fish blood cells was carried out based on a micronucleus test. Samples of muscle tissues and liver were sampled for biochemical analyzes. The rates of lipid peroxidation (LPO level) were determined by a method based on the reaction of malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid, the end product of lipid peroxidation. Results. A correlation was found between the rates of spontaneous LPO, ascorbate-dependant LPO and the accumulation of malondialdehyde in the liver of fish and changes in the nucleus of erythrocytes (R2 =0,8; R2 =0,6; R2 =0,7, respectively). Conclusions. We established the functional dependence which justifies the need to use cytogenetic markers to assess the impact of adverse environmental factors on the body of hydrobionts.

Proliferation and Differentiation of Thrombocyte Progenitors In the Liver and the Spleen In Xenopus Laevis Under the Stimulation of Thrombopoietin

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 2012-2012
Author(s):  
Yuta Tanizaki ◽  
Ayaka Tahara ◽  
Sayaka Kinoshita ◽  
Motoki Yamauchi ◽  
Mizue Meguro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Semi Solid

Abstract Abstract 2012 In the biology of thrombopoiesis, several challenging issues such as polyploidy induction, proplatelet formation with endomitotic maturation and tubular cytoplasmic projections, and ability of cell division as reported in human platelets, have not been elucidated sufficiently. Comparative characterization of thrombocyte developments in animals may bring about a new perspective. Characteristics of thrombocyte precursors as megakaryocytes (MKs) and mature thrombocytes in most vertebrates, however, remain poorly defined. Most non-mammalian vertebrates have nucleated and spindle thrombocytes instead of platelets. Since african clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is one of the most popular species providing various animal models in embryology and physiology, we attempt to establish an adult Xenopus model for analyses of hematopoiesis. We clarified peripheral thrombocytes by various staining methods, and searched immature thrombocytic cells in Xenopus organs. When peripheral blood cells were subjected to acetylcholinesterase staining, thrombocytes in the circulation, i.e. mature thrombocytes were positively identified. The size of elliptical mature thrombocytes was approx. 20.5±0.6 μm by 7.6±1.1 μm in diameters on cytocentrifuge preparations. We produced monoclonal antibody to Xenopus mature thrombocytes (T12) previously. The subsequent flow cytometry with a FACSAria II cell sorter revealed that the proportion of the peripheral T12-positive thrombocytes in lower FSC and SSC ranges were 1.5±0.3% of whole peripheral blood cells, and the expression of Xenopus c-Mpl (xlMpl) mRNA in the sorted cells was detected by RT-PCR. The mRNA expressions of Xenopus TPO (xlTPO) and xlMpl were also detected predominantly in the spleen and the liver, indicating that the sites of thrombocyte progenitor-residing organ and thrombopoietic activity-releasing organ were coincident in adult Xenopus. This resembled the relationship between Xenopus erythropoietin (EPO) and EPO receptor-expressing erythrocytic progenitors, as we have reported (Nogawa-Kosaka et al, 2010, Exp Hematol). Next, immunohistochemical analysis with T12 antibody revealed that thrombocytic cells were localized in sinusoid of the liver and the spleen. We then performed a thrombocytic colony assay in the presence of recombinant xlTPO expressed in E. coli. Hepatic and splenic cells composed of respective 80,000 cells in 1mL were incubated in 35mm dishes at 23°C under 5% CO2 with 0.87% methylcellulose-based semi-solid medium containing 20% FCS and xlTPO (5 ng/ml). The xlTPO-induced colonies derived from the spleen, including T12 positive thrombocytic colonies, emerged after 2 days, and the number reached to 65±2 in the culture (1 mL). The number of liver-derived colonies was smaller than that of spleen-derived ones, indicating that the density of thrombocyte progenitors in Xenopus was higher in the spleen, but the total mass of thrombocyte progenitors in the body is mostly distributed in the liver based on ratio by organ weights. In Xenopus, moderate thrombocytopenia, as well as anemia, was induced by phenylhydrazine (PHZ). The nadir of circulating thrombocyte counts was observed 4 days after PHZ-administration. When we culture cells of the liver or the spleen in the presence of the PHZ-induced thrombocytopenic serum, colonies composed of white cells and red cells were developed, suggesting that multiple or bipotent hematopoietic progenitors existed. When the hepatic cells were stimulated by xlTPO (5 ng/ml) for 2 days in the liquid culture, T12-positive megakaryocytic larger cells with multinucleated spherical shapes (approx. 30 ±3 μm in diameter) appeared, and such cells did not appear under EPO stimulation. On the other hand, the size of megakaryocytic cells derived from the spleen was smaller. Regardless of the origin of the thrombocyte progenitors, the cells stimulated by xlTPO in the liquid cultures expressed mRNAs of c-Mpl, CD41 and Fli-1, demonstrating that thrombocyte progenitors at different development stages resided in the liver and the spleen. It is still a missing piece of the puzzle whether Xenopus thrombocyte progenitors or mature thrombocytes undergo endomitosis to generate higher polyploid cells under the stimulation by TPO; however the unique megakaryocytic cells observed in this study have a clue to reveal the cellular evolution of platelets/MKs. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Effects of Catastrophic Anemia in an Intra-Host Model of Malaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (07) ◽  
pp. 1450105
Author(s):  
Eddy Takoutsing ◽  
Samuel Bowong ◽  
David Yemele ◽  
Jurgen Kurths
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Spatiotemporal Model ◽  
Cell Reproduction ◽  
Temporal Model ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to assess the strength of the effects of catastrophic anemia level on the dynamical transmission of malaria parasite within the body of a host. We first consider a temporal model. The important mathematical features of the model are thoroughly investigated. We found that the model exhibits forward bifurcation. We also consider a spatiotemporal model using reaction–diffusion equations. The model is numerically analyzed to assess the impact of anemia on the dynamical transmission of malaria parasite within the body of a host. Through numerical simulation, we found that malaria can lead to a catastrophic anemia level even if the parasite is nonpersistent within the body of a host. Numerical results also suggest that to reduce or control the anemia level, the strategy should be to accelerate innate cell reproduction rate or should have the ability to clean parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) with a high mortality rate.

A qualitative study of the trauma and posttraumatic growth of multiple myeloma patients treated with peripheral blood stem cell transplant

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
JACQUELINE FINE DAHAN ◽  
CARL F. AUERBACH
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Blood Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The study was conducted to understand the emotional impact of multiple myeloma, as well as the impact of its principle treatment, peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT). The absence of psycho-oncology research literature on this population prompted the need for a hypothesis-generating investigation. Thus, a qualitative design was used to construct a theoretical model of the trauma relating to diagnosis and treatment of myeloma. The study also incorporates the important period of reflection and growth following treatment.Methods: The sample consisted of 3 women and 3 men treated for myeloma at a New York City-based cancer treatment center. Data from individual interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. After extensive review, the data were categorized into groups of repeating ideas, themes and broad theoretical constructs.Results: A five-construct model emerged from the data analysis that integrated a model of trauma and growth presented in earlier work (Auerbach et al., 2006). These constructs roughly correspond with stages of illness, but do not necessarily imply a linear process, as suggested by stage models. The first construct is diagnosis. Patients receive the news that they have multiple myeloma. Initial reactions are discussed and a treatment plan takes form. In the second construct, treatment, patients highlight the physical and emotional hurdles confronted throughout treatment. The third construct, network of safety, presents social factors that play a role in comforting patients throughout illness. Patients recognize the importance of a strong support system during their experiences. In the fourth construct, recuperation, physical energy is regained after an arduous recovery period. This contributes to higher spirits and a motivation to reengage with life. The fifth construct is reflection and new existence. Patients strive to balance a new reality that relapse and death are inevitable, along with their need to live a meaningful life. Many do not yet appreciate how their disease has impacted them, but describe how their interpersonal lives and perceptions have changed, both positively and negatively.Significance of results: Limitations of the study, future directions for research and clinical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF A SET OF QIGONG EXERCISES INTO PHYSICAL EDUCATION METHODS OF A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (33) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
R.G. Vakhitov ◽  
◽  
N.A. Krasulina ◽  
Z.Z. Berezhnova ◽  
A.I. Gareev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The Impact

The influence of a complex of traditional qigong exercises, used in conjunction with classical methods of physical education, has been investigated in order to identify trends in changes in the indicators of general physical condition, to monitor a number of medical tests (general blood test, biochemical blood test, pulse, pressure). The work involved 619 (six hundred and nineteen) students of male main groups, of which 550 people were the experimental group and 69 were the control group. Scientific work was carried out on the basis of the Ufa State Petroleum Technical University in an annual period, from September 21, 2019 to February 20, 2020. The purpose of this study is to study the influence of this technique on increasing the level of the functional state of students, improving the process of physical education, the impact on the health of USPTU students attending classes. A similar study was described in his scientific publications by V.V. Vinantova (1996) and L.R. Kalimullina (2005). Yu.A. Petrova in her works (1992) noted that the volume of circulating blood, its components and the total number of hemoglobin increases in students under the influence of training. Metabolism is at the forefront of the changes that occur as a result of exercise. Accompanied by the released energy and the synthesis of ATP, the rate of catabolic processes in the body increases [1, 2]. The concentration of blood corpuscles increases when part of the plasma leaves the vascular bed and goes into the intercellular fluid due to physical exertion. First of all, this applies to red blood cells that transport oxygen. Under such conditions, the same volume of blood is able to carry more oxygen to working muscles [3]. The disadvantage of reducing plasma volume is an increase in blood viscosity, which makes it difficult for the heart to work. At the end of the 19th century, an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood after exercise was found - myogenic leukocytosis. A.P. Egorov in his works (1926) showed that myogenic leukocytosis is accompanied by an increase in the number of white blood cells. The last phase may be accompanied by a sharp increase or a sharp decrease in the number of leukocytes to the physiology of the norm [4]. A change in the level of lymphocytes in the blood due to physical activity can be defined as one of the prognostic signs showing the level of adaptation of the body to physical activity

scholarly journals The impact of fetal load of biologically active substances of Hirudo verbana saline extract antigens on the morphometric and hematologic parameters of rats in the early stages of post-embryonic development

2016 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
R. Aminov ◽  
A. Frolov ◽  
Y. Fedotov
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Color Index ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Medicinal Leech ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Saline Extract ◽  
The Impact

The female rats of wild type 2 weeks before and 2 weeks after mating were administered intraperitoneally medicinal leech saline extract antigens (4 injection). Studied females after feeding the offspring and the offspring itself in dynamics at 1, 15, 30, 60 days. All animals were decapitated under anesthesia after measuring morphometric parameters of the body. Then we did the autopsy animals and studied morphometric parameters of immunogenic organs (spleen and thymus), laboratory parameters: total white blood cells count, red blood cells count, hemoglobin, color index, leukocyte formula. As a result of our investigations was found an immunostimulatory effect of antigens from saline extract of the medicinal leech on morphometric parameters of the body and major immunogenic organs of rats. Under the influence of medical leeches’ antigens from the first day increased the number of white blood cells, increased the number of red blood cells, increased hemoglobin, color index was in the normal range. Changes of morphological and hematological parameters indicate the immune-stimulating impact of medical leeches’ antigens on leucopoiesis, erythropoiesis and morphogenesis.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND PLANTING DENSITY ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD PARAMETERS OF THE AFRICAN SHARPTOOTH CATFISH IN THE CONDITIONS OF RAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Т. М. Shlenkina ◽  
◽  
Е. М. Romanova ◽  
V.V. Romanov ◽  
L. А. Shadyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Differential Blood Count ◽  
African Sharptooth Catfish

The article presents the results of research on the influence of biotic and abiotic factors, in particular, planting density and temperature on the peripheral blood composition of the African sharptooth catfish. It was found that when the water temperature decreases by 4-60С, compared with the optimal temperature, the structure of differential blood count, the content of red blood cells and white blood cells changes in catfish. The answer to the effect of temperature factor affected polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes in differential blood count, and to a lesser extent, lymphocytes. The other components of differential blood count did not change significantly. Significant changes occurred in red blood system. When the temperature decreased, the content of red blood cells in the blood significantly decreased. At the same time, the content of white blood cells significantly increased. Similar reactions of the blood system were observed with increased planting density. It was shown that the proportion of monocytes with increased planting density increased significantly. It is monocytes that carry out phagocytosis, which allows the body to fight naturally against the penetration of foreign invaders. It should be noted that the proportion of monocytes increased by more than for 76% against the background of increased planting density. This is obvious due to the fact that with a high planting density, the concentration of fish metabolites in water increases.. A high level of organic matter contributes to the development of pathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microbiota that threatens the body of fish. It is this process that, in our opinion, stimulates mechanism of increased production of monocytes.

scholarly journals Forms of pseudotuberculosis progression in children and the impact of lipid peroxidation activation and antioxidant system imbalance on their development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
A. P. Pomogaeva ◽  
O. L. Nosareva ◽  
E. A. Stepovaya ◽  
T. V. Zhavoronok ◽  
E. V. Shakhristova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
The Impact

The objective is to compare clinical symptoms, lipid peroxidation indicators, the state of the antioxidant system and assess their impact on the severity and progression of pseudotuberculosis in children.Materials and methods. We examined 125 children with pseudotuberculosis divided into 4 groups according to the severity and nature of the disease progression and 45 healthy children. The material for the study was red blood cells and blood plasma of patients received in the dynamics – the acute period (during hospitalization); 3-4 weeks later – the phase of early convalescence with a non-smooth progression and moderate and heavy severity; the recovery period with a smooth progression and mild and moderate severity; 5-6 weeks later – the recovery period with a non-smooth progression and moderate and heavy severity. The spectrophotometric method was used to study lipid peroxidation (the concentration of diene conjugates, TBA-reactive substances) in the blood plasma and components of the antioxidant support system (the content of reduced glutathione; the activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) in red blood cells.Results. It was determined that moderate and heavy pseudotuberculosis forms prevail in hospitalized children, the disease progression in 35.2% of them was non-smooth; lipid peroxidation products accumulate in the blood plasma and the concentration of reduced glutathione decreases in red blood cells during the acute period of pseudotuberculosis in all children relative to the parameters in the control group. In the period of early convalescence an imbalance in the functioning of antioxidant enzymes of red blood cells, as well as the accumulation of TBA-reactive substances and a decrease in the content of reduced glutathione were observed in patients with moderate and heavy pseudotuberculosis.Conclusion. The impact of the imbalance of pro-/antioxidants on the formation of predominantly moderate and heavy pseudotuberculosis in children is shown. Prognostic criteria for the development of a non-smooth progression of pseudotuberculosis are a high level of lipid peroxidation products in the blood plasma, no normalization in values of glutathione system components and the activity of erythrocyte catalase during early convalescence. 

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