A Correlation between Radiotherapy Dose on the Mediastinal Lymphoma and Cardiovascular Dose with Using Respiratory Control System

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Е. Филатова ◽  
E. Filatova ◽  
О Ламанова ◽  
O Lamanova ◽  
П. Филатов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphoma ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Radiotherapy Dose

Purpose: To find a correlation between prescribed dose on the irradiation area and dose on heart and ascending aorta, using the "breath holding" method in classical radiotherapy course for patients with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin mediastinal lymphomas. Material and methods: For patients of reproductive age with diagnose Hodgkin, non-Hodgkin mediastinal lymphomas we conducted radiotherapy with contouring of tumor, and critical structures, include heart and ascending aorta. Radiotherapy was conducted on breath holding (ABC) for shielding radiation dose from heart, ascending aorta and lungs. We did calculations of length and diameter of the contoured aorta and dose that it and heart took. Also, we did correlation calculation of relationship between prescribed dose on the tumor and doses cover to the heart and aorta on 6 and 10 MV nominal energies. Results: According to the protocol RTOG 1005 for the heart zone, exceeding the threshold level for V20 < 5 % occurred in 11 cases out 21, and 8 cases from them are for 10 MV energy. For V10 < 30 % it happened in nine cases from 21, and seven cases from them are for 10 MV energy too. The correlation coefficient between the prescribed dose and the received dose for protocol RTOG 1005 V10 < 30 % was 0.71 and it showed the highest value. This index is lower on 13 % for protocol RTOG 0623 (V67) – 0..58, and it has the weakest coefficient correlation (V33) – 0.45. The value of the correlation coefficient for the aorta decreased with an increase in the volume to which the prescribed dose of the irradiation area falls and, consequently a 10 and 20 % of the aorta volume is getting a maximum value from the prescribed dose. Conclusion: Our research showed what contouring of ascending aorta is obligatorily procedure, because the average dose on it was 10.73 Gy for 10 MV and 6.50 Gy for 6 MV energies. It is obvious that using 6 MV energy is more organ-preserving method of thea radiotherapy treatment when using a such techniques as ABC. It is a very important to study the issue of the permissible dose per volume of ascending aorta without critical consequences for cardiovascular system. In addition, it particularly important if we take into account that all patients had a chemotherapy course before radiation therapy which also caused cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals Long-acting reversible contraception by effervescent microneedle patch

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. eaaw8145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Richard N. Terry ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Aurelie Brunie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Microneedle Patch ◽  
Long Acting

To increase access to long-acting contraception, we developed a reversible contraceptive microneedle patch that is simple-to-administer, slowly releases contraceptive hormone (levonorgestrel) for >1 month, and generates no biohazardous sharps waste. After manually pressing the patch to skin for 1 min, microneedles rapidly separate from the patch within the skin due to effervescence triggered by contact with skin’s interstitial fluid, as demonstrated in rats and human participants. Long-acting contraception is achieved by formulating microneedles with a biodegradable polymer [poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid] that slowly releases levonorgestrel for ~1 month in vitro. In rats, the patch maintained levonorgestrel concentration above the human contraceptive threshold level for >1 month, and a placebo microneedle patch was well-tolerated in human participants. Women of reproductive age in three continents demonstrated interest in and preference for long-acting contraception by microneedle patch. These studies indicate that an effervescent microneedle patch could facilitate greater access to long-acting contraception.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Its Seasonal Variations and Association With Parathyroid Hormone Concentration in Healthy Women in Riga

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Aivars Lejnieks ◽  
Anda Slaidina ◽  
Agnis Zvaigzne ◽  
Una Soboleva ◽  
Gulsena Eivazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

The aim of the study was to describe the vitamin D status and its seasonal variations in women living in Riga, Latvia, to examine an association between the concentrations of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone (PTH), and to determine the threshold for plasma 25(OH)D above which there is no further suppression of PTH. Material and Methods. The data of 189 healthy Caucasian women were analyzed. The serum levels of 25(OH)D, PTH, and phosphorus were measured twice a year. All the participants were divided into 3 groups according to vitamin D supplementation and the reproductive status. Results. The overall mean level of 25(OH)D was 32.8 ng/mL with significantly lower levels being in winter when compared with those in summer (28.2 ng/mL vs. 37.5 ng/mL, respectively; P<0.05). PTH was negatively associated with 25(OH)D. A threshold level of plasma 25(OH)D above which no further suppression of PTH occurred was found to be 38 ng/mL. Postmenopausal women not taking vitamin D supplements and without exposure to sunlight had 25(OH)D deficiency in winter and summer (92% and 88%, respectively). The most significant seasonal fluctuations were seen in the women of the reproductive age not taking vitamin D supplements and without exposure to sunlight, of which 47% had 25(OH)D deficiency in summer and 69% in winter. Conclusions. An optimal concentration of 25(OH)D was found to be 38 ng/mL. According to this definition, 70.4% of all the healthy women were classified as vitamin D deficient in winter and 59.8% in summer. The highest proportion of vitamin D deficient individuals was found in the group representing the postmenopausal women not taking vitamin D supplements.

Analysis of Raw Silk Fineness Series and the Fine Limit Point

2013 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Tao ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Wan Chun Fei
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
Section Shape ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fine Limit ◽  
Size Series

In this thesis, the fineness and the size are measured, in order to analyze and compare them. The fineness is measured with the cross-sectional area and the size is measured with traditional gravimetric method. The section shape of raw silk is assumed be approximately elliptical, and the diameters of different grade raw silk are measured in mutual perpendicular directions with Fiber fineness instrument, which connects microscope with computer, and the shapes and diameters of raw silk can be directly watched and measured on the computer screen. Meanwhile the weights of the corresponding segments of the raw silk are weighed. The raw silk fineness series and size series are analyzed through statistic parameters such as the expectation, variance, auto-correlation coefficient, correlation coefficient. And the difference between different grades of raw silk is analyzed. The result of this study is useful for improvement of raw silk reeling process and inspection of raw silk quality.

scholarly journals Optimization of breath-holding time for intrahepatic fat quantification using proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhei Otsuka ◽  
Shiho Sakamura ◽  
Kazuhiro Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fat Quantification ◽  
Fat Fraction ◽  
Dual Echo

Abstract Purpose We determined the minimum required breath-holding time (Modified 1H-MRS) and conducted a backward study on patients who underwent intrahepatic fat quantification using the point resolved spectroscopy method. We investigated the correlation between dual echo-MRI (DE-MRI) and liver attenuation index (LAI) measurements and evaluated the validity of the analysis results to determine whether breath-holding time (BHT) could be reduced.Methods In the MRS-fat fraction (MRS-FF) analysis, using only the reference datasets, the minimum required breath-holding time was set to 14 s. To evaluate the validity of the obtained MRS-FF, we compared the correlation using the dual echo-fat fraction (DE-FF) and LAI as a reference values, the correlation coefficient was investigated by obtaining the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Next, we compared the correlation in two subgroups of the abovementioned case groups: (1) those with a BHT of 23 s and (2) those with a BHT between 14 to 22 s.Results The correlation coefficients between MRS-FF and DE-FF and MRS-FF and LAI were 0.841 (p = 0.00) and − 0.726 (p < 0.01), respectively. Next, in the subgroup analysis, the correlation coefficients of MRS-FF and DE-FF and MRS-FF and LAI were 0.849 (p = 0.00) and − 0.733 (p = 0.00), respectively, in group (1) and 0.886 (p = 0.00) and − 0.761 (p = 0.00), respectively, in group (2).Conclusion In the imaging using Modified 1H-MRS, the present method suggested that the reduction in breath-holding time from 14 to 22 s did not affect the MRS-FF analysis results.

scholarly journals Studies on some Physico-Chemical Parameters of Cyanophycean Members and Correlation Coefficient of Eutrophic Ponds in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Elayaraj ◽  
M. Selvaraju
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
The Relationship

The present study deals with the statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and cyanophycean members of two pond water quality of Chidambaram, Cuddalore district (Tamil Nadu). The qualities of pond water were analyzed for six months. Eleven important parameters were included in statistical analysis. The qualities of pond water have been assessed by calculating mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. Correlation studies of hydrobiology with physico-chemical parameters revealed that the relationship between phytoplankton density in general and that of the specific groups are highly complex and often controlled by interactions of different factors. In the both pond water the correlation coefficient test revealed that cyanophycean members positively correlated with temperature, pH, CO2, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate, BOD and COD at 1 % and 5 % level significant, where as it is negatively correlated with acidity and dissolved oxygen. In the present study it can be concluded that the cyanophycean members are highly tolerant organisms. They prefer to grow at higher temperatures and in highly alkaline, BOD and COD waters. Hence they can with stand high levels of contaminated waters of Thillai Kali Kovil pond, when compared to Ilamiyakkinar Kovil pond.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP MINAT BELI ONLINE (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA STIE BIMA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Esti Purnamasari ◽  
Ismunandar Ismunandar
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Online Buying ◽  
Senior Students

This study aims to determine the effect of social media on online buying interest (case studies on senior students) with 50 respondents. The indicators of social media (x) consist of 2 namely trust and convenience while the indicators of buying interest (y) consist of 4 namely transactional interest, refrential interest, preferential interest and explorative interest. The definition of this study uses 2 variables: the independent variable is social media (x) and the dependent variable is online buying interest (y). The research method is an associative research using a qualitative approach consisting of questionnaire data. Data analysis techniques used in this study are validity, reliability, simple linear regression, simple correlation coefficient, correlation, coefficient of determination and using the statistical t test. The results showed that the influence of social media significantly influenced online buying interest.

scholarly journals Correlation and Regression using VASSARSTATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suma AP ◽  
KP Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
Population Correlation ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Sample Correlation ◽  
Simple Logistic

In a bivariate or a multivariate data, to understand the association between the variables Correlation is the best tool. It gives the degree of relationship between the variables. Regression gives the exact linear relationship between the variables. This article gives details of capabilities of Vassarstats Correlation and Regression and procedure to calculate Correlation coefficient and Regression coefficients with examples. Vassarstats Correlation and Regression can perform Linear Correlation and Regression, Intercorrelations, Multiple Correlation and Regression, Partial Correlation, 0.95 and 0.99 Confidence intervals for population correlation coefficient, Estimating the Population Value of rho, Significance of value of r, Significance of difference between two correlation coefficients, Significance of difference between sample correlation coefficient and hypothetical value of population Correlation coefficient, Rank Order Correlation, Correlation coefficient for a 2*2 contingency table, Point biserial correlation coefficient, Correlation for unordered pairs, and then Simple Logistic Regression.

P27 Introduction of oral caffeine rounds on the neonatal units

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. e2.30-e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Robertson ◽  
Adriece Al Rifai ◽  
Jenny Machell
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Apnea Of Prematurity

AimApnoea of prematurity is common in babies born at less than 34 weeks gestation due to immature respiratory control systems.1–4 The current mainstay of treatment in the UK is a methylxanthine – caffeine – which acts as a respiratory stimulant. Our local guideline follows the Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity (CAP) study with a single loading dose followed by 24-hourly maintenance doses, given either intravenously or orally1.In August 2012 a UK licenced oral caffeine product was launched, however various safety concerns were raised over this product and its presentation which led to delays in use on our Neonatal Units (NNUs). Unfortunately the single patient, single use product would also lead to a massive increase in our oral caffeine spend – with the cost of an average dose of oral caffeine rising from just £0.13 to £24.41. This equates to an annual cost increase of approximately £53,140 – around a 150-fold increase from the previous £360 per annum. We have therefore considered and implemented a new initiative to avoid unacceptable cost pressures within the neonatal service.MethodsConsideration was made to administering caffeine doses in ‘rounds’ on NNU to allow doses for more than one patient from a single bottle.However, there were a number of issues to overcome – the oral caffeine rounds would require the product to be used outside of its licence. We also needed to be sure that limiting the timing of caffeine administration to standard times on the NNUs – provisionally twice daily rounds at 10:00 and 22:00 – would not affect its therapeutic and potentially toxic effects in this vulnerable patient group.Savings as a result of this initiative were to be tracked for one year post implementation.ResultsTotal savings in the first 10 months following implementation were £15,945 – a projected saving of £19 134 per annum. There have been no reports of any adverse clinical outcomes related to timing of caffeine doses.ConclusionGiven the success of this initiative we plan to move towards a once daily oral caffeine round on our NNUs at 10:00. The majority of babies currently receive their dose at this time but formal implementation will lead to further cost savings. A morning oral caffeine round will also help to minimise the at least theoretical risk of the CNS stimulant effects and cardiac effects of caffeine, principally tachycardia, disrupting a baby’s sleep pattern. There is some evidence of this in the literature although these effects are more common at supratherapeutic levels.ReferencesNottingham Neonatal Service. Clinical guideline B7 – Use of caffeine in apnoea of prematurityMay 2016.Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Davis P, et al. Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity Trial Group. Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. N Engl J Med2006;354(20):2112–21.Henderson-Smart DJ, Steer PA. Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews2010:Issue 1.Art No:CD000273.Henderson-Smart DJ, De Paoli AG. Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews2010:Issue 12.Art. No:CD0001.

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