scholarly journals Contemporary Monopolies in the Polish Economy – the Case Study of PWPW

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-152
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Monopoly ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economy Of Scale ◽  
Polish Economy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
A Company

The paper presents the role of PWPW, as a company with some attributes of a natural monopoly, in contemporary Polish economy. It shows that commercial companies – performing special tasks which are necessary for the functioning of state and which concern identification as well as transactional security and at the same time take advantages of the economy of scale and range as a condition of their presence and development – have a logically justified place in the economy. They are a source of benefits for shareholders in the form of taxes, dividends and other economic benefits, as well as the value of the company itself. Moreover, they are creators of domestic employment and they enrich the national potential of technology. Also, such firms provide a right level of identification and transactional security, which influences the stability and reliability of legal and economic relations. The necessary conditions in order to realize the benefits coming from owning a company such as PWPW by the state are the company’s business continuity, the stability of its domain of action and the financial stability. These conditions can be fulfilled through a certain partnership between the state and PWPW in the form of a legal monopoly or lasting and stable commercial contracts.

scholarly journals Le rôle des entreprises et leurs comportements sur la stabilité du système financier

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Farelle Yandza Ikahaud ◽  
Mohamed El Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Investment determines the sustainability and prosperity of an economy. The paper seeks to (1) give an overview of the roles of companies on the stability of the financial system, based on existing theoretical and empirical work; and (2) to highlight the reasons which expose them to the non-application of their duties against the State. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis using the Direct Science database was employed. The results of the analysis allowed us to study the search trend by analyzing the distribution of publications, authors, types of publications and fields of research and also showed that the themes of the study are of great scientific interest because of the surge in the number of publications on the role of companies over the last ten years averaging 76.3 per year while 1,690 were on the impact of company behaviour on the stability of the financial system.

Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen Pada Perjanjian Baku (Standar Contract) PT. Telkomsel Terhadap Penggunaan Kartu Pasca Bayar (Halo Kick)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Ahyuni Yunus ◽  
Agustina Ali Bilondatu
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Standard Contract ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Stability

Penelitian ini bertujuan, pertama Bentuk perlindungan hukum konsumen pada perjanjian baku (Standart Contract) PT Telkomsel Terhadap Penggunaan Kartu Pasca Bayar (Halo Kick), kedua Upaya hukum konsumen Konsumen tindakan sepihak yang dilakukan oleh pihak Telkomsel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, Perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja dimaksudkan untuk menjamin hak-hak dasar dan menjamin kesamaan kesempatan serta perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi atas dasar apapun untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan pekerja beserta keluarganya. Perlindungan pekerja tersebut hanya dapat tercapai jika adanya peran serta Negara secara aktif dalam menjaga stabilitas iklim industrialisasi dengan perindungan terhadap pekerja, atau dengan kata lain ditengah gesekan perubahan zaman dan menggeliatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi maka peran serta Negara merupakan keniscayaan. This study aims, firstly, the form of consumer legal protection in the PT Telkomsel standard contract against the use of postpaid cards (Halo Kick), secondly the consumer's legal efforts for unilateral actions taken by Telkomsel. The research method used is normative legal research method. The results show that, first, legal protection for workers is intended to guarantee basic rights and guarantee equal opportunity and treatment without discrimination on any basis to realize the welfare of workers and their families. Protection of workers can only be achieved if there is an active role of the State in maintaining the stability of the industrialization climate with protection of workers, or in other words, amidst the friction of changing times and stretching economic growth, the participation of the State is a necessity.

scholarly journals Negotiating Positive Non-interventionism: Regulating Hong Kong's Finance Companies, 1976–1986

2017 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 348-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine R. Schenk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Banking Structure ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distinctive Role

AbstractSince colonial times to the present day, Hong Kong's position as a global financial centre is one of the enduring economic strengths of the territory. This success is often attributed to the distinctive role of the state, coined in the 1970s by the-then financial secretary, Sir Philip Haddon-Cave, as “positive non-interventionism.” The relationship between the market and the state has also been characterized as a form of corporatism, particularly in the financial sector as bankers were able to influence policy. However, closer examination of the behind-the-scenes relations between bankers and the state reveals a much more complex relationship, with the banks seeking protection that the government was not willing to provide. Moreover, the reluctance to regulate financial markets resulted in piecemeal interventions and weak implementation that undermined the stability of this sector and of the economy as a whole. This paper demonstrates the confusion over the concept and practicalities of positive non-interventionism, even for Haddon-Cave, and how the concept evolved towards a policy of “when in doubt, do nothing” during a period of financial instability. Along the way, the paper presents new evidence about the origins of Hong Kong's current banking structure.

scholarly journals The role of the state in ensuring food import substitution at the regional level in a pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00087
Author(s):  
Tatyana Solovyova ◽  
Danil Zyukin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

The study analyzes the aspects that determine the change in the role of the state and the form of its impact on the agricultural sector in the context of the impact of the pandemic on all socio-economic processes in the country. The article reveals the importance of implementing the import substitution program from social and economic positions for Russia. A complex of adverse consequences brought by the pandemic to the public life and economy of the country is given, which determines the change in the role of the state in matters of regulation and direct financial support of agricultural production. The article discusses the advisability of using "helicopter money" as a way to help the population in difficult social conditions and at the same time as a way to stimulate effective demand for essential domestic products, including food products. In the context of a pandemic, the necessity of payments to support direct agricultural producers to maintain their financial stability is substantiated, the calculation of which is recommended to be tied to the arable land area and livestock population. The study provides a list of basic principles that are recommended to be applied when using instruments of direct financial support and regulation from the state. It is important to ensure not only the survival of agribusiness in the current conditions, but also to create opportunities for maintaining investment activity in the implementation of large projects, as well as to ensure the maintenance of the level of intensification in the current production cycle.

scholarly journals Comments to the article “The political role of the State in Cambridge theories of growth and distribution”

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
JOÃO GABRIEL DE ARAUJO OLIVEIRA ◽  
RENATO NOZAKI SUGAHARA ◽  
JOANILIO RODOLPHO TEIXEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT This comment came to refute and correct the idea of Charles (2007) about the negatively implications in the income distribution when the government expand the consumption in favour to households. We prove that the political choice, to both cases (increasing consumption or increasing profit), impact positively the income distribution and does not affect the essential nature of the Kaldor neo-Pasinetti dynamic equilibrium results and the “Cambridge Equation”. The stability of the model is guarantee by applying the Olech’s Theorem to the case.

scholarly journals Opricznina jako pierwsza rosyjska służba specjalna i jej znaczenie w systemie politycznym

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Justyna Doroszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Security ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Security Service ◽  
Ivan The Terrible ◽  
The Stability

Oprichina is the first security service in Russia. The main aim of oprichnina was to protect the stability of the political system and the reign of tsars. The main thesis is based on the conviction that secret services since Ivan the Terrible are one of the most important factors in the Russian political system. The purpose of the article is to analyze the functioning and the role of oprichnina, its organization, its structure and its main tasks in the context of the tendency of centralization of the state. The aim is to demonstrate that the establishment of the oprichnina initiated the process of forming state security organs as the foundation of maintaining power and implementing the priorities of internal and external politics.

Impact of Crypto-Asset Trade on Financial Stability

2020 ◽  
pp. 210-232
Author(s):  
Nader Trabelsi
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Copula Model ◽  
Copula Approach ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Global Financial System

The chapter attempts to test the hypothesis that cryptocurrencies are real independent financial instruments that pose no danger to global financial system stability. For the empirical analysis, the authors use data related to bitcoin and widely traded asset classes. They also utilize the copula approach as well as the CoVaR model. The results show a significant role of crypto-asset market in the stability of global markets. Precisely, they find a dependence between bitcoin and oil prices defined by a normal copula model. The empirical results regarding the systemic risk show that extreme changes in bitcoin prices may have an adverse effect on equity and gold markets. There are positive and significant effects of EUR, JPY, and WTI markets when bitcoin goes down. The authors have also shown that after 2016 the virtual market sudden changes are more likely to raise the whole regular financial system losses, except the energy market. These results are important for policymakers and investors.

Reforming Natural Monopolies: Theory and Practice

2006 ◽  
pp. 102-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Deryabina
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Monopoly ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Role Of The State

The article deals with the new theoretical approaches to natural monopoly. It describes essential features of the appropriate branches of economy. The role of the state in the regulation of natural monopolies in the developed and transition economies is also analyzed. The author compares the advantages and shortcomings of various institutional alternatives of organization of natural monopolies functioning as well as the perspectives of public-private partnership in this sphere. Special attention is paid to the analysis of Russian natural monopolies reforms.

FEATURES OF INVESTMENT FACTORS OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Nurzhan Ashirbekov ◽  
◽  
Zhyldyzbek Bazarbayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
External Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Stability

This article discusses the role of small business and the characteristics of investment factors that affect the economy of Kyrgyzstan, as a factor in the sustainable development of the country. The development of small small businesses is the basis for the stability of the macroeconomic situation of the state. Officially, small and medium-sized businesses have been identified in Kyrgyzstan as the most important sector of the economy. An analysis of data on the production of small and medium-sized businesses in Kyrgyzstan shows that small business shows the most productive activity.

The Role of Internal Audit in Governance of Zakat Institution in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2568-2571
Author(s):  
Suhaimi Ishak Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
State Administration ◽  
A Company

This study outlines the role of internal audit in the governance of zakat institutions in Malaysia. Aspects of internal audit are detailed in this study as well as risk management. Internal audit is closely linked to risk management where both of these aspects are an important element of an organisation's governance. In addition, legislative matters such as the Federal Constitution and the State Administration of Islamic Religious Enactments were also discussed in this research. Researchers are also talking about the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG), which can be used as a guide and best practice for Islamic religious states and zakat institutions in Malaysia. Although the Islamic religious councils of the states and the zakat institutions are not a company but with the trust as administrators and managers of large zakat funds, the need for good governance is essential.

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