scholarly journals Partie polityczne i system partyjny Ukrainy: problemy kształtowania się w warunkach tworzenia państwa oraz transformacji społecznej

Politeja ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2 (34/1)) ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Jurij Szweda
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
State Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Transition ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Liberal Pluralism ◽  
System Establishment

Political parties and party system of Ukraine: problems of formation in the conditions of state building and social transition Political parties are known to play a profound role in the formation and functioning of the political system of a state. In the countries that are experiencing social transformations their place and role are a bit different from those they hold in the countries with a developed democracy. Since independence proclamation (1991) Ukraine has been in a state of public transition: from the Soviet totalitarianism with a communist single-party to a liberal pluralism. However, this way is rather complicated and ambiguous. The process of social transformation in Ukraine is complicated by the fact that it takes place simultaneously with the process of state building and setting the stages of sovereign statehood. The aim of this study is to analyze the peculiarities of political parties and party system establishment in Ukraine under the conditions of social transformation and state building.

The Labor Party in Ulster: Opposition by Cartel

1967 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard F. Rutan
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Political Beliefs

Almost thirty years ago Nicholas Mansergh concluded that the political parties in Northern Ireland did not fulfill the needs of the political system: that (to put his statement in more contemporary terms) the input functions, particularly that of political socialization, were enfeebled to the extent that one party constituted a permanent government while the other became an equally permanent opposition. What is more, underlying the party system and within the political society itself there existed no consensus on fundamentals: “There is no residue of political beliefs—as in Great Britain and the Free State—acceptable to both parties.”

scholarly journals Political Parties of Thailand – Examination for Democratic Stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-119
Author(s):  
N. G. ROGOZHINA
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Political Governance

On the threshold of elections designed to be held in February 2019,  the first after the military junta seized power in 2014, it is important  to define the role of parties in the political process of Thailand, which  as other developing countries of Asia, faces  challenges in democratic state building. The contemporary political  history of kingdom represents the confrontation of two tendencies –  authoritarianism and democracy what has a reverse impact on  political parties, their character, structure and ability to represent  interests of the society as a whole. The author analyses the process  of party evolution in the historical retrospective in the context of  transformation of political system – from bureaucratic to  semidemocratic subjected to economic modernization and changes in  socio structure of society where traditional form of organization patron-client is persisted. The author defines three  stages of evolution of party system in Thailand The first is  characterized by the full control of civil-military bureaucracy over  parties. The second stage is closely related to the formation of provincial political clientele groups. The third stage marks the  evolvement of party of “power” with the implication for  strengthening the parliamentary democracy in the beginning of XXI  century. And as the result of it – to the destabilization of political  system, based on the relative balance of power between two main  political forces – bureaucracy and army interested in reservation of authoritarian government, and bourgeoisie supporting the  liberalization of political institutes. With the emergence of party of “power” supported by the majority of population advocating  parliamentary democracy political spectrum has changed. The arising conflict of interests subjected to collision of positions  regarding the model of political governance was overcome by  military coup. Analyzing the political spectrum on the threshold of  elections the author comes to conclusion that the restoration of  compromised model of political governance sample of 80-90 years of  XX century is the most likely option of political development of  Thailand in the near future. Though it differs in one aspect – the  social structure has changed, there is the rise of that groups of population that intend to participate in the political process, what  will force the power to be more transparent and social oriented. These challenges face the political parties as well.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS: FROM BIRTH TO STABILIZATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Nataliya Khoma
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
The Eu

The process of the formation of the party system of Cyprus was considered. The period from colonial to 1981 is covered. The factors that influenced the evolution of the parties of Cyprus, in particular the internal conflict, were underlined. Emphasizes the importance of the ethnic component of the population of Cyprus. The attention was paid to the role of the Orthodox Church in shaping the political system of Cyprus. The article analyzes the norms of the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus (1960) concerning political parties, in which the focus was on the parliamentary aspect of party activity. The role of Archbishop Makarios III, the first president of Cyprus, for the further evolution of the party system in the 1960–70s was revealed. Presented chronology of the appearance of the main parties of Cyprus and their participation in elections and coalitions. The article emphasizes that after the accession of Cyprus to the EU in 2004, the party system of the state is experiencing the trend of the newest European tendencies on the national party palette: the level of people’s confidence in the parties is decreasing, the party identity is blurred, the voter turnout is gradually decreasing, new types of parties are emerging, Radicalization is notable and so on. The party system of Cyprus is special, even if only within the EU there is a pro-communist party (Progressive Party of the Labor People of Cyprus), represented in the European Parliament, among the leading political forces. It was emphasized that the political parties of Cyprus until 1974 were purely electoral mechanisms. The new stage of development began with the stabilization of the post-colonial political system of Cyprus. At this time, the church lost its past influence, and the majoritarian electoral system alienated itself. This led to a new stage in the development of the party system in the late 1970s. It is noted that the determining factor was the transition to a proportional electoral system and the introduction of mandatory participation of voters in the vote. It was emphasized that these legislative innovations became important factors in the development of the modern party system of Cyprus. Since that time, the Cypriot parties have become more independent and united in the coalition.

scholarly journals Indonesia Political Development: Democracy, Political Parties in the Political Education Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Budi Kurniadi
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Foreign Politics ◽  
The Government

This research paper was aims to explore the dimensions of the political development that are closely related to the existence of a political system that is confronted with progressive social and political changes. Democracy as the pillar of the implementation of constitutional government is a form of political development idealism which in its implementation moves dynamically and synergizes with the prevailing political system. As one manifestation of democratic implementation, political institutionalization is the most important part in the implementation of democratic governance. The role of political parties in all countries including in Indonesia, in the plain view, coloring the political dynamics of the government. Understanding political development certainly will not be separated from the social transformation, because social changes that was occur in society also move rapidly, but on the other hand the reality of public political education is not in line with the political changes that occur due to the swift external factors including the development of foreign politics. In this critical study, certainly not all dimensions of political development will be discussed but try to express the ideas was related to democracy, political parties in the perspective of political education which includes democracy, political parties and the problem, the reality of public political education. the link between democracy, political parties and political education is at the core of this study.

scholarly journals establishment and development of political parties in the Republic of Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (113) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tserennadmid Chuluunbaatar
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

This article discusses the origins and development of political parties in the Republic of Turkey, the political forces in Turkey during Ataturk's period, and the political turmoil in Turkey during the second half of the XX century. The article includes detailed research on the struggle for the survival, in some cases, the forced closure of certain political parties and groups in Turkey, a country with a distinctive Islamic and Western oriented society. In this regards, this article aims to explain in detail, how the method of operation was followed, what political parties and groups have been emerged, what positions do they occupy in the political system, how did they affect social and political spheres, structure, organizational characteristics of Turkey. The topic was selected explore the following facts and factors: at first, to show the reasons and historical circumstances of the formation of the first political party, to identify the role and places of parties in the political and social life, thirdly, to clarify the reasons for the formation of a multi-party system; Fourth, it sets out the specifics of the development of major political parties in Turkey since 1990s. Бүгд Найрамдах Турк Улс дахь улс төрийн намын үүсэл, хөгжил Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Бүгд Найрамдах Турк улс (БНТУ) дахь улс төрийн намуудын үүсэл, хөгжлийн талаар тэр дундаа Бүгд Найрамдах улс байгуулсан цаг үе буюу дотоод улс төрийн амьдралд М.К.Ататуркээр удирдуулсан улс төрийн хүчнээс гадна үзэл, хандлагаараа ялгаатай нийгмийн бүлгүүд үүсэж, оршин байхын төлөө тэмцэж, зарим тохиолдолд хүчээр хаагдах хүртэл олон үйл явдал өрнөсөн, өвөрмөц үеийг сонгон судлахыг зорив.Исламын шашинтай боловч барууны чиг баримжаатай хөгжлийн зам сонгосон Турк улсын хувьд чухамхүү улс төрийн нам, олон намын тогтолцоо бүрэлдэн бий болсон түүхэн үйл явцтай холбогдох архив болон судалгааны мэдээлэл түлхүү ашиглалаа.Ингэхдээ БНТУ-ын түүхийн чухам хэдий үед улс төрийн ямар нам, бүлэг бий болж, дотоод улс төрийн амьдралд ямар байр суурь эзэлж, хэрхэн нөлөөлж, ямар нийгмийн бааз суурь, бүтэц бүрэлдэхүүн, зохион байгуулалтын шинж төрх, улс төрийн үйл ажиллагааны арга хэлбэрийг мөрдөж байсан талаар тайлбарлалаа.Сэдвийг сонгож авахдаа: нэгдүгээрт, Турк улсад сонгодог утгаараа улс төрийн анхны нам үүссэн шалтгаан, түүхэн нөхцөлийг харуулах, хоёрдугаарт, ХХ зууны Туркийн улс төрийн намын үйл ажиллагааг зохицуулж байсан хууль, эрх зүйн орчны онцлогийг харуулах гуравдугаарт, олон намын тогтолцоо үүсэн, бүрэлдсэн нөхцөлийг тодотгох, дөрөвдүгээрт, 1990 оноос хойших Туркийн улс төрийн намын тогтолцооны төлөвшил, онцлогийг харуулах зорилтуудыг дэвшүүлсэн болно. Түлхүүр үгс: Улс төрийн нам, үзэл суртал, хөгжлийн хандлага, сэтгэлгээний түүх, түүхийн үечлэл

Legitimacy Decline and Party Decline

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy B. Andeweg ◽  
David M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Party Decline ◽  
Possible Cause

This chapter discusses the decline of political parties as a possible cause of the decline of legitimacy. Political parties constitute a link between the citizens and the political system, and therefore a loss of support could delegitimize the political system. However, the decline of political parties can only cause legitimacy decline if they are indeed in decline and if there is a causal relationship between citizens’ involvement in political parties and political support. The chapter argues that empirical evidence for party decline is limited, as parties may have undergone transformation rather than decline. Using ESS data from 2002 to 2010, the chapter finds only weak relations between political support and party membership and party closeness. However, being close to a particular party is more important than being a member of a political party, and is interpreted as a sign that the party system facilitates citizens in making meaningful political choices.

Parliamentary Government or One Party Dictatorship? The Case of Sri Lanka

1982 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 267-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Wiswa WarNapala
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Government ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
Westminster Model ◽  
Electoral Change

The comparative parliamentary stability which Sri Lanka has been experiencing in the last three decades has been attributed to the strength of the country's political system. Some observers refer to “the survival of something close to a two-party parliamentary system, where the two major political parties, more often in association with the fragmented Left and the disintegrating commimalist forces, compete for political power.”1 The electoral changes in the period 1956–77 explain the existence of a two party system unique in character; it was this phenomenon which assisted in the working of a comparatively stable political system in the island. Despite the divergent ideologies which the political parties professed, they perhaps were committed to the orthodox characteristics of the Westminster model. Marxists were even more adamant than their political enemies in insisting on the observance of the rules, procedures and conventions of the parliamentary game of politics.2 The 1977 electoral change and the subsequent political developments brought about a decline in the system of parliamentary government in Sri Lanka. The dim of this essay is to substantiate this view.

Институциональные основы политической системы КР

2019 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Мохаммад Исхак Шафак
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Democratic Principles

Аннотация: В статье рассмотрены особенности развития политической системы Кыргызской Республики периода независимости. Строительство новой, основанной на демократических принципах, политической системы страны проходит в период перехода ее с тоталитарного прошлого к демократическому пути развития, идет процесс модернизации политической системы. В условиях независимости самым важным было институциональное развитие политической системы Кыргызстана, так как без соответствующих политических институтов невозможно осуществить модернизацию, как экономики, так и политической и социальной сферы жизни общества. В данной статье рассмотрена институциональная составляющая политической системы суверенной Кыргызской Республики, ее организация и становление: принятие новой Конституции, парламентаризм, институт президентства, развитие многопартийной системы, выборы. На развитие политической системы Кыргызстана оказывают влияние различные факторы, как внутренние, так и внешние. Ключевые слова: Кыргызская Республика, политическая система, политические институты, транзитология, демократизация, парламентаризм, политические партии, выборы. Аннотация: Москвада көз каранды эместик мезгилиндеги Кыргыз Республикасындагы саясий системасынын өнүгүшүнүн өзгөчөлүктөрү корголгон. Демократиялык принциптердин негизинде түзүлгөн өлкөнүн саясий системасынын курулушу өткөнкү тоталитардык түзүлүштөн демократиялык өнүгүүнүн жолуна өтүп, саясий системаны модернизациялоо процесси жүрүп жатат. Көз каранды эместик мезгилдин шарттарында Кыргызстандагы саясий системанын өнүгүшүнүн негизи катары институционалдык өнүгүү саналган, тактап айтканда ылайыктуу саясий институттарсыз коомдун турмушунун экономикалык, саясий жана социалдык чөйрөдөгүдөй эле модернизацияны ишке ашыруу мүмкүн эмес. Сунушталган макалада Суверендүү Кыргыз Республикасынын саясий система- сынын институционалдык негиздерди, уюштурулушу жана калыптанышы: жаңы конституцияны кабыл алуу, партиялуулук системасынын өнүгүшү, шайлоолор каралат. Кыргызстандагы саясий системанын өнүгүшүнө ар түрдүү ички жана сырткы факторлор таасир этет. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Кыргыз Республикасы, саясий система, саясий институттар, транзитология, демократиялаштыруу, парламентизм, саясий партиялар, шайлоолор. Annotation: The article discusses the features of the development of the political system of the Kyrgyz Republic during the independence period. The construction of a new political system based on democratic principles takes place during the transition from a totalitarian past to a democratic path of development; the process of modernization of the political system is underway. In conditions of independence, the most important was the institutional development of the political system of Kyrgyzstan, since without the appropriate political institutions it is impossible to modernize both the economy and thepolitical and social sphere of society. This article discusses the institutional component of the political system of the sovereign Kyrgyz Republic, its organization and formation: the adoption of a new Constitution, parliamentarism, the institution of the presidency, the development of a multi-party system, elections. The development of the political system of Kyrgyzstan is influenced by various factors, both internal and external. Keywords: Kyrgyz Republic, political system, political institutions, transitology, de- mocratization, parliamentarism, political parties, elections.

Political Parties and the Political System in Iraqi Kurdistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 002190962094154
Author(s):  
Hawre Hasan Hama ◽  
Farhad hassan abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan

The Kurdistan Region of Iraq has a multi-party system which has been held up as a model for democratic pluralism in the whole region. The nature of Kurdistan’s political parties is strongly related to the position of Kurds in Iraq. From the mid-twentieth century, the dominant Kurdish political party in Iraq was the Kurdistan Democratic Party; in a later partisan split the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan was born. Moreover, in the last three decades other political parties have come into being, which have all influenced the characteristics of Iraqi Kurdistan’s political system. This paper’s main argument is that Iraqi Kurdistan shares many of the characteristics of its main political parties, including reliance on charismatic leadership, a focus on nationalism, and the lack of transparency. This paper analyzes the primary characteristics of the Kurdish political parties and their influence on the institutional functions of the political system in the Kurdistan Region.

Partis et systèmes politiques: interactions et fonctions

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Lavau
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
The Political ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Function Integration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Rule Out

It is no longer in style to develop typologies of political regimes based on their party systems. Systematic studies today are interested in parties only in terms of their role in the functioning of the political system as a whole. No doubt it is an insoluble problem to determine whether parties and the party system are variables which are independent or dependent in relation to the political system. Besides, without being able to rule out a relationship of interdependence, the two terms display a certain degree of independence and are not in a relationship of co-variance. Thus it is that the political system is shaped to a certain extent by the opposition of the parties to the system, the parties in turn having been conditioned by three other kinds of forces.The problem of specifying the functions of parties remains a central one, even though there is much confusion in the use of the language of functionalism. It is therefore important to clarify the notion of the functions of political parties. If one defines the political system as a set of processes and mechanisms which bring about the convergence or neutralization of irresistible social pluralisms without exploding the balance of these pluralist forces, then one can distinguish three functional requirements: (1) the legitimation-stabilization function; (2) the tribunician function (integration or neutralization of centrifugal forces); (3) the function of providing governmental alternatives.Where there is interaction between parties and the political system, one can discern an aspect of non-dependence between the two terms. In the first place, the parties (and not only the anti-system or revolutionary parties) do not develop solely in accordance with their relationship to the political system. Secondly, the system too has a certain degree of self-determination, even when confronted with anti-system parties.

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