scholarly journals Сучасна русиньска література по роцї 1989 на Словакії

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183-204
Author(s):  
Міхал Павліч
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Third ◽  
Velvet Revolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poetry Collection

Contemporary Rusyn Literature in Slovakia after 1989 The turbulent history of European nations in the 20th century culminates in 1989, the year of the Velvet Revolution, which has resulted in many positive changes for big as well as for small nations on the continent. In the history of Rusyn literature this period is called the Literature of the Third National Revival as it sees a significant increase in the number of writers, literary works and various publishing activities. The first part of the paper presents the socio-cultural situation of Rusyns in this period and possibilities of publishing literary texts in their language. The second part contains thematic and genre characteristics of the Rusyn literature in Slovakia after 1989. The last part is an interpretation of a poetry collection by Daniela Kapraľová which belongs to the most interesting works in the contemporary Rusyn literature in Slovakia.

scholarly journals Węgierski Październik ’56 oczami dziecka. Trzy (warianty) lektury

2017 ◽  
pp. 165-178
Author(s):  
Daniel Warmuz
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hungarian Revolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Revolution

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate three possible methods of reading and interpreting three consequent literary works on the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 that describe the events from a perspective of an adolescent boy. The mentioned works are the following: The Radiance of Childhood  (Gyermekkor tündoklete) by Istvan Kovacs, Hungarian Revolution 1956: Diary  (Magyar Forradalom 1956. Naplo) by Gyula Csics and Kalef by Zsolt Berta. The first demonstrated approach provides a documentary-like look on the October 1956 that is given by dint of (auto)biographical elements or diaristic form. The second method ensures much closer analysis of the Hungarian history across time (before, during and after the Revolution) and space (Hungarian country and Budapest). The third approach targets the aspects of initiation into adulthood, masculinity and Hungarian history of the 20th century that allows to read the three stories as a novels of initiation.

A Short Modern History of Studying Sacrobosco’s De sphaera

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Alin Constantin Corfu
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern History ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Paris ◽  
The University

"A Short Modern History of Studying Sacrobosco’s De sphaera. The treatise generally known as De sphaera offered at the beginning of the 13th century a general image of the structure of the cosmos. In this paper I’m first trying to present a triple stake with which this treaty of Johannes de Sacrobosco (c. 1195 - c. 1256). This effort is intended to draw a context upon the treaty on which I will present in the second part of this paper namely, a short modern history of studying this treaty starting from the beginning of the 20th century up to this day. The first stake consists in the well-known episode of translation of the XI-XII centuries in the Latin milieu of the Greek and Arabic treaties. The treatise De sphaera taking over, assimilating and comparing some of the new translations of the texts dedicated to astronomy. The second Consists in the fact that Sacrobosco`s work can be considered a response to a need of renewal of the curriculum dedicated to astronomy at the University of Paris. And the third consists in the novelty and the need to use the De sphaera treatise in the Parisian University’s curriculum of the 13th century. Keywords: astronomy, translation, university, 13th Century, Sacrobosco, Paris, curriculum"

Melancholy, Hanuš Jelínek and Miloš Marten

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Jana Kantoříková
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Paul Claudel ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

The aim of this article is to present the roles of Miloš Marten (1883–1917) in the Czech–French cultural events of the first decade of the 20th century in the background of his contacts with Hanuš Jelínek (1878–1944). The first part of the article deals with Marten’s artistic and life experience during his stays in Paris (1907–1908). The consequences of those two stays to the artist’s life and work will be accentuated. The second part takes a close look at Miloš Marten’s critique of Hanuš Jelínek’s doctoral thesis Melancholics. Studies from the History of Sensibility in French Literature. To interpretate Marten’s reasons for such a negative criticism is our main pursued objective. Such criticism results not only from the rivality between Czech critics oriented to France, but also from different conceptions of the role of critical method and the role of the critic and the artist in the international cultural politics. The third part concludes with the critics’ „reconciliation‟ around 1913 by means of the common interest in the work and personality of Paul Claudel.

scholarly journals SPIRITUAL VERSES ABOUT TSAREVICH JOASAPH: PLOTS AND METRICAL MODELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (49) ◽  
pp. 88-131
Author(s):  
Alexander Petrov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Selection Of

The article considers the problem of the development of metrical forms of the cycle of folklore spiritual verses about Tsarevich Joasaph. Spiritual verses related to the literary tradition are used as supplementary material. The aim of the research is to trace the evolution of the metrics of folklore spiritual verses about Tsarevich Joasaph in the context of the history of Russian versification. The tasks of the research are the formation of a database of texts, differentiation of the texts into thematic groups, selection of method of work, and the analysis of folk and literary variants. The research methodology is determined by its complex nature, being at the intersection of folklore, linguistics, and literary studies. Taking into account the heterogeneity of the material, special methods are used for texts created within the framework of different systems of versification: syllabic, accentual, and syllabic-accentual. The entire corpus of texts consists of seven types of plots and can be divided into metrical groups depending on the time and the environment of their creation. The earliest known text dates from the 16th century; it is a free, non-rhymed accentual verse. A significant corpus of texts was created in the 17th century, in line with the literary syllabic system of versification; these are spiritual verses with 8 or 13 syllables per line. Some of these were assimilated by folk culture and subsequently lost their syllabic equality of lines, becoming close to the accentual system. Literary texts of the 18th–19th centuries are closer to the syllabic-accentual system; sometimes they include polymetric poetic forms. Folklore texts collected in the 19th–20th centuries are based mainly on the accentual system of versification (dolnik, taktovik, accentual verse); however, as we move towards the 20th century, syllabic-accentual tendencies also intensify in this area. In the 20th century, the tradition of spiritual poetry was based on syllabic-accentual models borrowed from the works of Russian classics. The long history of the existence of this poetic cycle is, in general, in line with the evolution of Russian versification. At the same time, if the syllabic-accentual verse has been formed since the 18th century in the literary tradition of spiritual poetry, then in folklore it spread relatively late. Reliable examples of syllabic-accentual versification are found in folklore spiritual verses about Tsarevich Joasaph from the second half of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Henrik Hajdus (1890–1969) Rolle I Udbredelsen Af Det 19. Og 20. Århundredes Danske Litteratur I Ungarn

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
Gábor Attila Csúr
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
History Of ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Regular Contact ◽  
Scandinavian Literature

Abstract The Hungarian literary translator Henrik Hajdu (1890–1969) was one of the most extraordinary persons in the history of translating Scandinavian literature into Hungarian. Aside his activity as a translator from Norwegian and Swedish, Hajdu was also an important promoter of Danish authors of the 19th and 20th century. He held lectures on Nordic culture and literature, wrote reviews in prominent Hungarian journals and maintained regular contact to many of the Scandinavian publishers, writers, dramatists and poets. He translated novels by Henrik Pontoppidan, Martin Andersen Nexø and Sigrid Undset, made an edition of Ibsen's complete works and a great amount of short stories and poems. His oeuvre numbers about a hundred separate publications. This paper focuses on how he contributed to the general acceptance and reception of Danish literary works written between 1850 and 1930 among the Hungarian readers.

scholarly journals Prostor a jeho obývání

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václava Bakešová
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Phenomenological View

The publication summarizes the research results of various types of space in the literary works of four Christian inspired French authors, M. Noël, S. Renaud, C. Singer and S. Germain. Their literary texts cover the whole of the 20th century and show diversity in approaches to space, but also a difference in the literature of 1st and 2nd halves of 20th century. Methodologically, it proceeds from the phenomenological view of G. Bachelard on the intimate space of the home, through the open and sacred space according to M. Eliade's study, towards the geocritical analysis of the space, based on the almost unused B. Westphal's theory of geocriticism. The study of space shows that literature can not be separated from the outside world, on the contrary, it contributes to its better understanding.

scholarly journals Lorenzo de Monacis: A vérszopó Ezerino borzalmas története

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
László András Magyar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Italian Children ◽  
Venetian Republic ◽  
Over Time

Even in the early twentieth century, northern Italian children were intimidated by the Bloodsucker Ezerino. We find Ezerino or Ezzelino Da Romano (1194-1259) also in the seventh circle of Dante's Hell, but the horror tale of the cruel tyrant has been mentioned in several romantic literary works as well. The reign of the Ghibellin Ezerino could only be terminated by the alliance of the Pope, the Lombard League and the Venetian Republic through a crusade against the tyrant, but its terror and the hatred of his opponents left their mark on later narratives as well. Later analysts pointed out that most of the horrors detailed here may only have been exaggerations or fictions with which the victors tried to defeat the former deadly enemy – as we have already seen by a few examples. But also the history of the 20th century demonstrates clearly that there is no unimaginable horror committed by man over time. Our presented text is the 13th chapter of an early 15th century Venetian chronicle. The first half of the story is a slightly confusing story of petty family quarrels, wealth-seeking tricks, minor skirmishes, but later there are unfolding terrible events before our very eyes that remember the tragedy of Richard the III. We can see how an average nobleman became an almost unearthly evil, paranoid tyrant by the end of his life. The narrative is slowly rising from the middle of the text to literary niveau and deepens into an impressive tyrannical biography framed by the completely meaningless Guelf-Ghibelline wars. Its pages are populated by historical and supra-historical figures: ruthless mercenaries, cruel hangmen keeping the account of their victims, family members whistleblowing each order, self-whipping flagellants, diligent denunciators and humiliated truncated children liberated from their prison as living sceletons.

LEITURA LITERÁRIA E ENSINO DE LÍNGUA FRANCESA: FORMAÇÃO DE ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO DO CAP-UFRJ

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
Larissa De Souza Arruda ◽  
Luiz Carlos Balga Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
History Of ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
And Performance

O terceiro ano do Ensino Médio é considerado um momento de desafios, tanto para docentes quanto para discentes, visto que é o ano de conclusão de um ciclo de vida dos alunos. Para os professores, também existe dificuldade, pois cabe a eles a responsabilidade de mediar ensinamentos, medos, incertezas, frustrações e superações. No caso da disciplina de língua francesa, esse desafio se intensificou quando a maioria das provas de acesso às universidades deixou de prever o idioma como opção de língua estrangeira, gerando desinteresse pelas aulas. Os obstáculos impostos naturalmente pelo terceiro ano e aqueles peculiares à nossa disciplina levaram o Setor de Francês do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (CAp UFRJ) a refletir sobre estratégias a fim de (re)motivar os alunos. Propusemos para o ano de 2017 três ateliês temáticos (música, literatura e cinema). Neste artigo, objetivamos apresentar o trabalho realizado entre junho e dezembro de 2017 com o grupo de ateliê de literatura, cujos planejamento e execução foram pensados com o intuito de trabalhar com a turma a leitura de textos literários e a criação de poemas a partir das leituras e discussões feitas em sala de aula. Faremos um resumo do histórico do uso do texto literário ao longo das metodologias de ensino de francês e faremos uma defesa da importância do uso da literatura na aula de língua. Por fim, apresentaremos algumas atividades realizadas e produções dos alunos, além de mostrarmos as avaliações feitas pelos alunos dessa experiência pedagógica. Palavras-chave: Língua e literatura. Textos literários. FLE. Metodologias de ensino. Interculturalidade. LITERARY READING AND FRENCH LANGUAGE TEACHING: HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ FORMATION AT CAP-UFRJ Abstract: The third year of high school is considered a challenging moment for teachers and students, since it is the final year of a school cycle for students. Teachers’ difficulties are increased by their responsibility to mediate teachings, fears, uncertainties, frustrations and overcomings. In the case of French as a school subject, these difficulties were intensified when most Brazilian university entrance tests no longer offered French as a foreign language option, resulting in lack of interest in French classes. The obstacles naturally imposed by the third year of high school and those directly related to French led the French Department of Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, in 2017, to propose three thematic workshops (music, literature and cinema) as a strategy to (re)motivate students. This paper presents this experience, carried out between June and December 2017 with the group from the literature workshop, whose planning and performance were designed to work on literary text reading and poem writing from the readings and classroom discussions. The paper also presents a summary of the history of the use of literary texts to teach French as well as a defense of the use of literature in language lessons. Finally, some of the students’ activities and productions, including their assessments, will be presented. Keywords: Language and literature. Literary texts. FLE. Teaching methodologies. Interculturality.

Human Rights and Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod K. Nayar
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Graphic Novels ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Ariel Dorfman ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modified Forms

The field of human rights (HR) and literature has expanded in the last two decades. Fiction, poetry, memoirs, and graphic novels with HR themes have been examined, and also cognate fields like popular culture and HR, humanitarianism, and the history of HR itself. The literary, with its emphasis on the human ‘subject,’ the formation of this subject, and the hurdles that confront its formation, is appropriate for the study of how humans are conceptualized as deserving (or not) of rights, and the conditions in which the human loses her humanness. Victims, perpetrators, and bystanders are characters in literary texts that critics study as models of subjectivity. The literary text asks us to imagine the nature of the human person, the universal state of human vulnerability, and the situations in which this vulnerability is prised open for exploitation. The entries here consist of those that engage directly with literary texts but also with frames, contested and debated, that define the human, and without which a rights regime cannot be put in place or modified. Forms and aesthetics that are central to the documentation, witnessing, and communicating the urgency of HR themes in various genres are also necessarily a part of this bibliography. Various forms and genres in literature—across ages, geocultural formations, and nations—have addressed the theme of HR, explicitly or implicitly. The war novel, for instance, is more concerned with mass HR violations such as genocide, rape, and continuing trauma. The child-abuse novel is focused on individual HR. Plays by authors like Ariel Dorfman, (e.g., his Resistance trilogy) use theatre to speak of unspeakable horrors like torture. In the late 20th century, especially in the wake of Art Spiegelman’s pioneering Maus, numerous graphic novels, comics, and pieces of comics journalism have sought to document atrocity and HR. Testimonial texts and fiction by victims have constituted a globally visible genre, again since the last half of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Flat-Bottomed Ceramics of the Neolithic in the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia: The History of the Formation of the Basic Concepts of Its Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Alexander F. Shorin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Migration Theories

Purpose. The history of the study of the Neolithic site with flat-bottomed ceramics of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia is considered. Until the end of the 20th Century, such complexes in the region were correlated with the Boborykino culture. The formation of ideas about the main components of this culture determined the essence of the first two stages of the study of culture (from 1961 to the first decade of the 20th Century). Results. At the first stage, in the publications of K. V. Salnikov and L. Ya. Krizhevskaya, the characteristic features of the newly identified culture are defined: flat-bottomed ceramics with original ornaments and the microlithic character of flint inventory; the chronological positions of the culture are determined by the Eneolithic – Early Bronze Age. At the second stage, in the publications of V. T. Kovaleva and her colleagues, the Boborykino culture is assigned to the second stage of the development of ceramic ornamental traditions of the Neolithic Trans-Urals. The culture dates from the third quarter of the 6th – the first quarter of the 4th millennium BC. Initially, the autochthonous line of development of this culture from the early Neolithic Koshkino culture was substantiated. However later the alien character of this culture as a result of migration in the Trans-Urals of the early agricultural population of the Near East and the Caucasus began to be declared. At the third stage, by researching new archaeological sites in the Baraba forest-steppe and Middle Ob region, the age of archaeological sites with flat-bottomed ceramics was raised to the 7th – 6th millennium BC; the difference between local ceramics and Boborykino complexes was shown. The comprehension of sites with flat-bottomed ceramics of the period 7th – 6th millennium BC began as a new independent cultural-chronological phenomenon in the Neolithic of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia. Conclusion. A version of the autochthonous origin of the Baraba culture is expressed. However, migration theories of the appearance of such archaeological sites in the north of Eurasia in their variations can also be discussed.

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