scholarly journals “Adonde é o aposento do pescado?”: ecozoneamento do manguezal na pesca artesanal de crustáceos da Reserva Extrativista Marinha da Baía do Iguape, Maragogipe – Bahia

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Francisco Santos Cousiño Casal ◽  
Francisco José Bezerra Souto
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Fishing Resources ◽  
Guided Tours

Crustaceans, along with molluscs and fish, are the most important fishing resources forsubsistence and income for people in the mangrove ecosystem. In this environment, traditional cultural system recognizeand classify certain ecological areas called ecozones. The aim of this study was to understand how the fishermencharacterize the fishing areas and how this influences the traditional knowledge of the artisanal fishing of crustaceans in themangrove ecosystem. This study was carried out at the Baía de Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve, with the fishingcommunity of Angola. The sample of interviewed was defined from individuals opportunistically found using the criterionof native experts. There were open and semi-structured interviews with 42 fishermen. Techniques of guided tours andparticipatory mapping were also used. The main ecological zones identified by the fishing community of Angola were:“costeiro” (= coastal), “riacho” (= stream or creek), “rio” (= river), “boca de rio” (= river mouth), “enseada” (= creek),“canal” (= waterway), “coroa” (= shoal), “poço” (= well), “ilha” (= island), “ilhote” (= islet), “mangue” (= mangrove) and“terra” (= land). The Angola fishermen have demonstrated a refined spatial knowledge about fishing sites and theirfeatures, relating them to bioecology of fishing resources exploited.

AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO TRADICIONAL DOS PESCADORES DA RDSM APLICADO À IDENTIFICAÇÃO DO SEXO DE PIRARUCUS

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Kelven Lopes ◽  
Helder Lima de Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Fisheries ◽  
Arapaima Gigas ◽  
Males And Females

This study examined the traditional knowledge of fishermen at Mamirauá Reserve about sex determination of pirarucus, Arapaima gigas Schinz 1822. We evaluated the criteria used for by fishermen in the sector Jarauá at Mamirauá Reserve for this determination, during the fisheries season, from October to November 2004. We analyzed responses of a group of about 15 fishermen collected in structured interviews regarding 109 individual pirarucus, 65 males and 44 females. From this sample, only 64 fish have their sex correctly predicted by the fishermen. Although the traditional knowledge of local fishermen is a key component of the sustainable fisheries of this species, this knowledge is not functional in all ranges and aspects, as in sex distinction. We found that the local fishermen evaluated are not able to recognize the sex of pirarucus, although some criteria applied for this purpose are consistent with their biology. The rates of correct forecasts for recognition of males and females were similar to those obtained by chance, even when the criteria applied were consistent, as the criterion “coloration”, which was significantly consistent for identification of males. Yet the group of fishermen interviewed in this study apparently did not apply this criterion correctly.

scholarly journals Expanding the reach: ethnobotanical knowledge and technological intensification in beekeeping among the Ogiek of the Mau Forest, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dauro Mattia Zocchi ◽  
Gabriele Volpato ◽  
Duncan Chalo ◽  
Patrick Mutiso ◽  
Michele Filippo Fontefrancesco
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Set Up ◽  
External Actors ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract Background Initiatives for beekeeping intensification across the tropics can foster production and income, but the changes triggered by the introduction of modern beehives might permeate traditional knowledge and practices in multiple ways, and as such should be investigated and understood. We conducted an ethnobotanical study in the Eastern part of the Mau Forest among Ogiek beekeepers who customarily practice forest beekeeping and who are involved in a project aimed at the modernization of their beekeeping activities. We aimed to document the beekeeping-associated ethnobotanical knowledge, exploring the relationships and complementarity between modern and traditional knowledge and practices. Methods Field research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 30 Ogiek beekeepers and 10 additional stakeholders. We collected ethnobotanical data about plants used for beekeeping purposes, and ethnographic information on traditional and modern beekeeping systems. Results We report 66 plant species, distributed across 36 botanical families representing 58 genera, important as melliferous, for the construction and placing of hives, attracting bees, and harvesting and storing honey. Dombeya torrida (J.F.Gmel.) Bamps, Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl., and Podocarpus latifolius (Thunb.) R.Br. ex Mirb. are the species with the most mentions and the highest number of uses. Our study reveals that the Ogiek possess a detailed knowledge of the forest’s flora, its importance and uses and that this knowledge underpins beekeeping practices. Under the influence of external actors, the Ogiek have progressively adopted modern versus traditional log hives and moved beekeeping out of the forest into open areas of pastures and crop fields. Beekeepers are also experimenting with combinations of practices borrowed from modern and traditional beekeeping systems, particularly in the field of hive construction and in the criteria to set up apiaries. Conclusions The study indicates a complementarity and an incipient hybridization of traditional and modern beekeeping, in a way that suggests that modern beehives are instrumental in expanding the reach of beekeeping into deforested and cultivated areas. The study also points to the existence of a rift in the effects of beekeeping intensification on the livelihoods of the Ogiek and on their relationship with the forest. We argue that this intensification might be improving the former but weakening the latter, carrying the associated risk of erosion of traditional forest-based ethnobotanical knowledge.

Artisanal fishing and the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) in Southern Brazil: ethnoecology from the fishing practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilah Antunes Zappes ◽  
Renata Montalvão Gama ◽  
Camila Domit ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Novo Gatts ◽  
Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Pontoporia Blainvillei ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to describe the ethnoecology of the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) using the traditional knowledge of artisanal fishermen in the villages of Peças Island (VPI) and Superagui Island (VSI) in the World Heritage listed Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Brazil. Between March and September 2012, 90 fishermen were interviewed (VPI – 40; VSI – 50) using a semi-structured questionnaire. Using Fuzzy logic (MATLAB 7.6) it was verified the species is easily recognized by body size, colour and occurrence area (VPI – 87.5%; VSI – 38.0%). Fishermen most frequently identified adults and young franciscanas in groups of two to five individuals (VPI – 40.0%; VSI – 58.0%). Adults were sighted throughout the year, while the young were restricted to summer and winter. Five common behavioural ethno categories were described: ‘eat’ (VPI – N = 15; VSI – N = 1); ‘float/sink/dive’ (VPI – N = 34; VSI – N = 12); ‘breathe’ (VPI – N = 11; VSI – N = 5); ‘mothers surrounding the shoal, play caught up and the youth captures’ (suggesting care parental related with feeding of infant) (VPI – N = 1; VSI – N = 2); and ‘to play’ (VPI – N = 6; VSI – N = 1). The information from the fishermen highlights the use of the area by franciscana for feeding and reproduction and these data are comparable with the literature. These results extend the knowledge about the species in an area of ecological interest and the traditional knowledge, but also illustrate the benefits of engaging fishermen to promote collaboration in scientific and management processes.

scholarly journals Fishing for food: Values and benefits associated with coastal infrastructure

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249725
Author(s):  
Cassandra M. Nieman ◽  
Alexie N. Rudman ◽  
Margaret L. Chory ◽  
Grant D. Murray ◽  
Luke Fairbanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Mental Health Benefits

While there is substantial literature about the socio-cultural characteristics and values associated with recreational and commercial fisheries in the U.S., studies directed at those who ‘fish for food’—those who depend on consuming their catch to various degrees—are relatively sparse. Using qualitative data collected through 80 semi-structured interviews with fishers in the summer and fall of 2018 in Carteret County, North Carolina, this study aims to better understand the group of recreational fishers who consume their catch by describing social and cultural dimensions and values associated with fishing for food, examining the role of infrastructure in facilitating access to benefits associated with this activity, and considering how knowledge of existing licensing regulations surrounding subsistence license waivers affect this fishing community. Interviews conducted at free public fishing structures in the region revealed that fishers derive a variety of values and benefits from fishing at these sites, including access to recreation, nutrition, a social community, and mental health benefits, which were found to be negatively impacted by Hurricane Florence in September 2018. We also found an informal economy of sharing catch on- and off-site that extends the reach and benefits facilitated by public infrastructure to people beyond those using it directly. Overall, we call for conceptualizations of ‘fishing for food’ that include aspects that go beyond traditional definitions of ‘subsistence’ or ‘recreational’ fishing such as food security, access, and less obvious social and cultural motivations behind the activity. These findings are a compelling rationalization for the creation and maintenance of formal and informal fishing places locally and, by extension, in other coastal areas, given the array of benefits provided by access to these types of locations.

scholarly journals Cartography of the struggle and resistance of an artisanal fishing community

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (spe2) ◽  
pp. 303-315
Author(s):  
Antonio Vladimir Félix-Silva ◽  
Maylla Maria Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Laís Leal da Silva Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Fishing Community ◽  
Artisanal Fishing

RESUMO Os povos do mar estão ameaçados pela produção de subjetividade colonial capitalística que, por meio do dispositivo estado de exceção, tem o poder de fazer morrer os modos de viver em comunidade nos territórios das águas. Nesta cartografia, objetivou-se analisar processos de subjetivação, luta e resistência de pescadoras e pescadores artesanais de uma comunidade ante os empreendimentos eólicos na Planície Litorânea do Piauí, situada no Nordeste do Brasil. Trata-se de um modo de fazer pesquisa-intervenção, na qual se utilizou a participação observante para a produção de dados, compondo reuniões, encontros e audiências públicas com os participantes da pesquisa, além do uso de diários cartográficos para registros de relatos e escrita de si. A discussão e a análise dos resultados mostram a soberania do capital impactando a determinação social da saúde ao afetar as ecologias ambiental, subjetiva e social; luta e resistência como dimensões política da vida e de saúde como potência de vida; coexistência de políticas de morte e linhas de força da vida em comunidade; processos de subjetivação que ora expressam assujeitamentos, ora expressam singularizações ao agenciar coletivamente o desejo de resistência às políticas impostas pelo dispositivo estado de exceção.

scholarly journals Pesca artesanal, patrimonio cultural y educación social.

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-32
Author(s):  
Gabriel López-Martínez ◽  
Pilar Espeso-Molinero
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Political ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
Fisheries Policy ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Secondary Information

En los últimos años, las comunidades europeas de pescadores han sufrido cambios estructurales importantes derivados de las distintas reformas de la Política de Pesca Común (PPC). Los instrumentos aplicados han provocado una transformación en este sector, afectando de manera significativa a las pequeñas poblaciones de pescadores. En este contexto, el estudio antropológico se presenta como una herramienta de gran valor para comprender las respuestas de individuos y comunidades a los nuevos retos. El presente trabajo, basado en información primaria y secundaria recogida en la Región de Murcia en la última década, explora algunas de estas respuestas. Los testimonios de los diferentes informantes muestran el debilitamiento de esta profesión como consecuencia de las herramientas políticas implementadas. La disminución del número de embarcaciones y de trabajadores independientes, unido a la falta de relevo generacional pone en riesgo el conocimiento tradicional de la pesca artesanal. Para reflexionar sobre el presente y el futuro de estas prácticas ancestrales, se exponen una serie de experiencias donde se presenta al pescador como intermediador o agente transmisor de conocimiento, vinculando el legado patrimonial a distintos sectores de la sociedad contemporánea. In recent years, European fishing communities have undergone major structural changes resulting from the different reforms of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). The instruments implemented have led to a transformation in this sector, affecting small fishing stocks. In this context, we present an anthropological study as a tool of great value to understand the responses of individuals and communities to new challenges. This work, based on primary and secondary information collected in the last decade in the Region of Murcia (Spain), explores some of these responses. The testimonies of the different informants show the weakening of this profession as a result of the political tools implemented. Decreasing number of boats and self-employed workers, coupled with a lack of generational replacement puts at risk traditional knowledge of artisanal fishing. To reflect on the present and future of these ancestral practices, a series of experiences are presented where the fisherman is revealed as an intermediator or transmitting agent of knowledge, linking the heritage legacy to different sectors of contemporary society.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERUBAHAN LUAS HUTAN MANGROVE TERHADAP KONSENTRASI TOTAL SUSPENDED MATTER (TSM) DI MUARA PERANCAK, JEMBRANA – BALI

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komang Iwan Suniada
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Total Suspended Matter ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Mangrove Forests

Study of the function of mangrove forests as a sediment trap has been largely undertaken using field measurement methods, but only a few researches that fully utilize remote sensing data to find out the influence of mangrove forest’s area changes against the Total Suspended Matter (TSM) making this study very interesting and important to do.  This research was conducted in Perancak estuary area which is one of mangrove ecosystem area in Bali besides West Bali National Park, Benoa Forest Park and Nusa Lembongan. The data used to generate TSM information and change of mangrove forest area in this research is medium resolution satellite image data, Landsat.  Tidal data and rainfall data were used as a supporting data. The information of TSM concentration obtained by using Budhiman (2004) algorithm, shows that along with the increasing of mangrove forest area has caused the decreasing of TSM concentration at mouth Perancak river. The decline was caused by sediments trapped and settled around trees or mangrove roots, especially the Rhizophora mangroves. In addition to the increasing of mangrove forest area, the tidal oceanography factor also greatly influences the TSM fluctuation around Perancak river mouth. 

scholarly journals Anthropogenic Actions and Socioenvironmental Changes in Lake of Juá, Brazilian Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9134
Author(s):  
Marcelia Castro Cardoso ◽  
Helionora da Silva Alves ◽  
Izaura Cristina Nunes Pereira Costa ◽  
Thiago Almeida Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Fishing Resources

The Amazonia rainforest has natural spaces that have undergone extensive and intense transformations, mainly to meet economic demands, camouflaged in biological and social needs. As one of the consequences of this process, the production and expansion of the urban space stand out. In this context, this research describes the historical, spatial, and temporal aspects of land use and occupation in the surroundings of Lake of Juá, located in the municipality of Santarém, west of the State of Pará, Brazil, in order to highlight the main changes in the landscape and socioenvironmental changes arising from this dynamic. The study was conducted based on photographic records, elaboration, and analysis of cartographic data, in addition to the perceptions of residents and fishermen located in the study area, which, together, contributed to the understanding of the historical and spatial changes that led to the current socioenvironmental transformations in the surroundings of the lake. The residents and local fishermen of Lake of Juá, through semi-structured interviews, listed several socioenvironmental overlapping problems that had many impacts on this lake ecosystem, such as deforestation, silting, contamination of water resources and, consequently, fishing resources, loss of biodiversity and conflict of interest. The degradation and decharacterization of the landscape around the lake has compromised the maintenance of this lake ecosystem, as significant and even irreversible transformations have been caused in the community and in the ecological environment, especially when taking into account the absence of public policies or their inefficiency.

scholarly journals Ethnozoological study of wild vertebrates of the Bonifacio Garcia community, Morelos, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-374
Author(s):  
Alejandro García Flores ◽  
Rafael Monroy Martínez ◽  
José Manuel Pino Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Subsistence Hunting ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Guided Tours

The aim of this study was to analyze the ethnozoological knowledge that the inhabitants of the Bonifacio García community, Morelos, Mexico, conserve about wild vertebrate. Semi-structured interviews were applied to 30 key informants, through participant observation and guided tours, traces such as footprints, excreta, burrows and pelts and in vivo observation were researched for the identification of the mentioned species and the following indexes were calculated: value of diversity of use for each species (VDS) and of medicinal uses (DVM), as well as the diversity index of the treated diseases (DITD). The study recorded a total of 42 wild vertebrate species, of these 28 are used: mammals 39.3%, birds 32%, reptiles 18%, fish 7.1% and amphibia 3.6%. The main use values were alimentary (0.54), medicinal (0.46) and ornamental (0.43). The white-tailed deer, the black iguana and the rattlesnake registered 0.57 of VDS and a DVM of 0.19. The main diseases treated are cancer, respiratory and skin diseases and rheumatism with an DITD of 0.17. The animals are obtained by means of subsistence hunting in the fields (50%), croplands (43%) and backyards (7%), using most frequently shotguns as arms for capture. We conclude that the appropriation of vertebrates complements basic needs for food and health; therefore, ethnozoological knowledge must be integrated into public policies that enable the conservation and management of wild fauna in the community.

scholarly journals Perception Fishermen Community about the Importance of 12 Years of Formal Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Bayu Indra Permana ◽  
Agus Mursidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
The Social

This study aims to determine how people's perceptions fishermen about the importance of 12 years formal education and how the implications of the fishing community's perception of the importance of 12 years formal education. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling and snowball sampling and the data collection techniques used are documentation, semi-structured interviews and observation. Field data findings show that the fishing community in Kedungrejo Village is a heterogeneous, consumptive community and based on interviews found that community perceptions about the importance of 12 years of formal education are as a provision for diplomas to look for work as land laborers. The meaning of 12 years of formal education in the form of maturity has not yet been felt by the community from the number due to environmental and social factors which are seen from the number of 2292 elementary school students who continue to the first level only 30% ie 308 who reached the top education level. so the 12-year formal education function that has a role to develop the community's potential is indisputable because of the social stratum between the skipper fisherman and the fisherman laborers. It is here that the important function of 12 years formal education is completely collided with the perception of the fishing community in Kedungrejo Village, Muncar District.

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