scholarly journals The effect of lead acetate administration to the uterine malondialdehyde level and endometrial thickness in albino rats (Rattus novergicus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novita S.E. Diantini ◽  
Setyawati Soeharto ◽  
I W.A. Wiyasa
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Background: Indonesian seawater has been found to contain a high level of lead acetate and tends to become toxic. The previous study suggested lead acetate exposure could be harmful to many organs including the brain, liver, heart, as well as the reproductive system. This study aimed to analyze the effect of lead acetate on both the uterine level of malondialdehyde (MDA) level and endometrial thickness in female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group, and 3 treatment groups that were given lead acetate at 30, 100, and 300 ppm p.o./day for 30 days, consecutively. Rats were sacrificed; the uterus was isolated and processed for both MDA level measurements (using TBARS and a spectrophotometer) and histopathology using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.Results: There was no significant difference in mean MDA level between the control and lead acetate administration groups. There was a reduction in endometrial thickness from 352.6±81.88 µm in the control group to 323.5±90.67 µm; 313.6±40.30 µm; 303.4±62.75 µm in 30, 100, and 300 ppm, respectively. Consequently, spacious uterus was observed reflects the endometrial damage, including the decrease in the size of the epithelium, columnar, stroma, and lumen in the whole part of the uterus and these differences in uterine thickening was considered statistically significant (p=0.005).Conclusion: Lead acetate could reduce the thickness of the endometrium but had no effect on the level of MDA in the uterus.

scholarly journals A Stereological Study on Colon Tissue Layers of Type 1 Diabetic Rats Following Thiamine and Lead Acetate Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Rahmat Allah Fatahian Dehkordi ◽  
◽  
Soren Nooraie ◽  
Alborz Yadollahi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and Aim: Diabetes is a well-known disease with such complications, as retinopathy, nephropathy, and gastropathy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thiamine and lead acetate on the colon of induced-alloxan diabetic rats; the effects of which become obvious in the treatment or reduction of tissue complications caused by diabetes. Methods & Materials: In this study, 63 rats weighing 200 g were divided into 9 groups, as follows: 1) Group of diabetes+pb acetate 200 ppm; 2) Group of thiamin+pb acetate 200 ppm; 3) Group of thiamine+pb acetate 1000 ppm; 4) Group of diabetes+thiamine+Pb acetate 1000 ppm; 5) Diabetes group; 6) Group of diabetes+thiamine; 7) Group of diabetes+thiamine+acetate 200 ppm; 8) Group of diabetes+pb acetate 1000 ppm, and 9) the control group. After 20 days, the study samples were removed from the abdominal cavity and the slides were prepared by routine tissue method. Then, the slides were evaluated for stereological and histomorphometric studies. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University (Code: GRN1M1903). Moreover, all methods used in the present study, including facilitation, were conducted per the ethical principles of animal restraint. Results: The mean thickness of mucosa-sub-mucosa suggested significant differences in groups 6 and 7, compared to other treatment groups. There was a significant difference in the thickness of the muscle layer between the control and all treatment groups except for groups 2, 6, and 7. There was no significant difference in the mean thickness of advantia layer in groups 1, 7, and 8, and the control group. The obtained results also indicated a significant difference concerning different layers of colon tissue between group 1 and controls. Conclusion: Based on the present research results, thiamine presented enhancing effects on muscle layer thickness and adventitia layer thickness. Furthermore, the area of the mucosal layer was not affected by the improving effects of thiamine.

scholarly journals Toxicological Effect of Biodiesel Emission Particles on Cellular System of Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Adeyemi, Olalekan ◽  
Adeyemi, Oyeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Cellular System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
The Brain

Aim: This study investigates toxicological effect of biodiesel smokes on cellular system of albino rats. Study Design: Biodiesel was blended with fuel diesel at 100, 75, 50, and 25% v/v. Rats were exposed to each flame for 120 seconds daily over a period of ten days. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory work was carried out in the Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria. Methodology: Rats were grouped into six each containing six rats designated; Control group (no exposure), FD (exposed to smoke of fuel diesel), 100BD, 75BD, 50BD and 25BD exposed to 100, 75, 50 and 25% blend of biodiesel respectively. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed, liver, lungs and brain was isolated and homogenized. Serum was also separated. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), choline esterase (CEST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed for in the selected tissues. Results: ALP activity of liver of rats in Control group was significantly higher (p<.05) relative to rats in other treatment groups. Lungs ACP activity of rats in Control groups was 3 folds that of rats in FD group, 2 folds those of rats in 100BD, 75BD and 25BD groups. CEST activity in brain of rats in Control group was 3 folds that of FD group and two folds that of 50BD and 25BD group of rats. Conversely, serum CEST activity of rats in Control group was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to that of other treatment groups it is about 16% that of FD group in particular. Serum MDA level of Control rats was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to each of the other treatment groups. Conclusion: Biochemical evidence from this study indicated loss of membrane integrity, possible inflammation of cells of the brain, lungs, and liver.

scholarly journals Ellagic Acid Activity in Healing Process of Incision Wound on Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Hardany Primarizky ◽  
Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti ◽  
Bambang Sektiari Lukiswanto
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incision Wound

This study was conducted to prove whether ellagic acid can be used as a regulator of incision wound healing process in male albino rats as experimental animals. A total of 24 male healthy rats based on physical examination, aged at 3 months old and weight at 150-180 grams used in this study. Rats were divided into three groups and each group has 8 replications, group of control (P0) has no incision wound and no medication, treatment group (P1) has incision wound and treated with Betadine® and (P2) has incision wound and treated with 2,5 % ellagic acid. The variable that observed are histopathology changes (collagen, PMN, angiogenesis and fibrosis) from the male albino rats. The samples collection was taken at day 15 and data were collected and analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. The result of collagen and PMN cells score in the control group (P0) were 1.80 ± 0.16 and 1.6 ± 0.08 with mild angiogenesis and no fibrosis. The results in the treatment (P2) group, where the collagen and PMN scores were 1.60 ± 0.08 and 1.5 ± 0.8, accompanied by mild angiogenesis and fibrosis. Meanwhile, in the treatment (P1) group, the results of scoring of collagen and PMN were lower than the other groups, 0, 80 ± 0.08 and 0.6 ± 0.16 accompanied by moderate angiogenesis and fibrosis. There was a significant difference of collagen scoring, PMN cells number, fibrosis and angiogenesis among the treatment groups (p<0.05). P1 treatment group has significant different with treatment groups P0 and P2 (p<0.05), but there is no significant difference between treatment groups P0 and P2 (p>0.05).  From the results, it can be concluded that the topical application of ellagic acid ointment was proved to provide healing process on incision wound. Topical administration of ellagic acid ointment for 14 days was able to improve the skin condition and promoted the wound healing.Keywords: Ellagic acid ; wound healing ; collagen ; angiogenesis ; fibrosis ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; antibacterial.

scholarly journals Study of sub-clinical endometritis on the basis of endometrial thickness and endometrial cytology in dairy cows after parturition

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Madhumeet Singh ◽  
Neelam . ◽  
Pravesh Kumar ◽  
P. K. Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

Dairy cows assigned to four treatment groups were administered PGF2 analogue (Cloprostenol) on day 8 (n=5), day 25 post partum (n=5), or antibiotic from day 1 to 5 postpartum (n=5), or kept as untreated control (n=5). The monitoring of endometrial thickness of previous gravid and non-gravid uterine horn was performed by transrectal ultrasound scanning on day 43 but there was no significant difference (p>0.05) found between treatment and control group. Endometrial cytology confirmed sub-clinical endometritis in cows under control group based on the mean percentage of PMN cells. Similarly, PMN cells were statistically different (p Lass Than 0.05) between PG8 and control group.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Administering Avocado (Persea americana) Leaf Extract on Lead Acetate Toxicity in the Brain-cerebellum of Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Ubi Essien Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
The Brain

Aim: To investigate whether the aqueous extract of avocado leaves can be used in alternative medicine for the remediation or treatment of lead poisoning in the brain. Study Design: Pure Experiment, using animal models. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria; between January 2019 and June 2019. Methodology: Twenty albino Wistar rats including both male and female, and weighing around 155 g were randomly assigned to four groups (designated as A,B,C and D), with each group consisting of five animals. While group A served as the control, group B was administered a daily dose of 500 mg/kg body weight of avocado leaf extract, group C received 150 mg/kg body weight per day of lead acetate, and group D was given 150 mg/kg body weight per day of lead acetate and immediately followed with 500 mg/kg body weight/day of the avocado leaf extract. Treatments were given once daily through the oral route using a syringe with attached micropipette tube for 15 days, while the animals had access to water and chow ad libitum. The rats were euthanized on the 16th day by cervical dislocation and the cranial cavity was carefully exposed in order to dissect the brain and to obtain tissue samples from the cerebellum, which were then prepared for microscopic examination using routine histological techniques, with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains. Results: The findings showed the extract to be ameliorative by reducing histomorphological distortions of lead acetate toxicity in the brain, and thus caused moderate regeneration of the cerebellar tissue. Conclusion: The outcome of this research therefore indicates that the avocado leaf extract has medicinal potentials and could serve as an herbal remedy in the alternative treatment of lead poisoning.

scholarly journals Chitosan as Chelating and Protective Agents from Lead Intoxication in Rat

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Marianti ◽  
Debi Anatiasara ◽  
Fachrudyn Faisal Ashar
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Protective Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>Increasing accumulation of lead in body causes serious health problems. Chelation is widely used to decrease lead level in body. This research aims the effectivity of chitosan in chelating lead and their protective ability toward liver and kidney for lead acetate-induced rat. Thirty rats were divided into 6 treatment groups. All groups, except control group, were administered by 175 mgkg<sup>-1</sup> BW lead acetate. Positive control group was treated using EDTA 50 mgkg<sup>-1</sup> BW. Treatment group 1,2, and 3 were treated using chitosan in dose of 64, 32, and 16 mgkg<sup>-1 </sup>BW dissolved in 2% acetic acid, respectively in 30 days. The effectivity of chitosan was compared to blood lead level. ALT and AST level were measured to determine the protective ability of chitosan. Normal function of kidney was assessed using creatinine level. Results showed that blood lead level from all treatment groups, except negative control group, had no significant difference from control group. EDTA and chitosan ability in chelating lead were proven by low level of AST, ALT, and creatinine in treatment groups. This indicated that there was no significant difference from control group. Chitosan capable of chelating lead and protecting kidney and liver from heavy metal. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals ACUTE TOXICITY EVALUATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF INDONESIAN VELVET BEANS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Ratnaningsih Eko Sardjono ◽  
Iqbal Musthapa ◽  
Sholihin . ◽  
Atun Qowiyah ◽  
Rahmi Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain

Objective: This research was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of ethanol extract of velvet beans (Mucuna pruriens) from Indonesia. Extract of Indonesian Mucuna pruriens seeds showed antiparkinson activity due to the presence of L-DOPA inadequate levels. However, research on the toxicity level of Mucuna pruriens seeds from Indonesia is still limited. Acute toxicity data are needed to make Mucuna pruriens as standardized herbal medicine for Parkinson disease.Methods: The dried seed of Mucuna pruriens was extracted by ethanol and suspended with tragacanth to make several dosas of ethanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds. Determination of acute toxicity was performed on six groups, each consisting of five Wistar rats. One group was used as a control group; other groups were given ethanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds orally at a dose of 5 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, and 5000 mg/kg body weight. Symptoms of toxicity, including death, were observed daily for 14 d. At the end of the observation, the surviving Wistar rats were autopsied and the brain, heart, liver, lungs, stomach, spleen, kidneys, and ovaries were weighed to give relative organ weight.Results: There was no mortality observed in all groups. The Wistar rats gained weight within the normal range. The relative organ weights in all groups generally did not show a significant difference. However, the significant differences (P<0.05) were seen in the liver for all treatment groups compared to the control group.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds from Indonesia administered orally has LD50>5000 mg/kg, thus it could be regarded as safe or non-toxic. However, this extract may be potentially toxic to the liver

scholarly journals Effects of Energy Drink in Combination with Two Different Brands of Alcohol on Some Biochemical Parameters of Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 707-710
Author(s):  
Okuda, A. Frank ◽  
Ehiwario, N. Julius ◽  
Oshilim, O. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Group 1

This study was carried out to ascertain the effect of energy drink and mixture of energy drink with different brands of alcohol on some biochemical parameters. Sixteen (16) male albino rats weighing 120- 160g were divided into four (4) groups. The groups were divided thus: Group 1: Control- feed and water ad libitum, Group 2: 3.75ml/kg Bullet Energy drink only, Group 3: 3.75ml/kg Bullet energy drink + 1ml/kg of 41% alcohol dry gin and Group 4: 3.75ml/kg Bullet energy drink + 1ml/kg of 5.1% alcoholic beer. The experiment lasted for 28 days after which the animals were fasted for 12 hours before they were sacrificed and their blood collected for biochemical analyses. There was a significant increase in body weight of animals in group 2-4 and also the glucose concentration was elevated. The result presented in table 2 showed that there is a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the level of ALT and ALP in treatment groups when compared to the control group (1). Also, elevated level of cholesterol and triglycerides were also observed. From this data, we may conclude that there are high risk of constantly taking energy drink alone or in combination with alcohol.

scholarly journals The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Gilda M. Iova ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽  
Olivia Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

Capsular closure versus unrepaired interportal capsulotomy after hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement, results of a patient-blinded randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 112070002110057
Author(s):  
Niels H Bech ◽  
Inger N Sierevelt ◽  
Sheryl de Waard ◽  
Boudijn S H Joling ◽  
Gino M M J Kerkhoffs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Hip capsular management after hip arthroscopy remains a topic of debate. Most available current literature is of poor quality and are retrospective or cohort studies. As of today, no clear consensus exists on capsular management after hip arthroscopy. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of routine capsular closure versus unrepaired capsulotomy after interportal capsulotomy measured with NRS pain and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS). Materials and methods: All eligible patients with femoroacetabular impingement who opt for hip arthroscopy ( n = 116) were randomly assigned to one of both treatment groups and were operated by a single surgeon. Postoperative pain was measured with the NRS score weekly the first 12 weeks after surgery. The HAGOS questionnaire was measured at 12 and 52 weeks postoperatively. Results: Baseline characteristics and operation details were comparable between treatment groups. Regarding the NRS pain no significant difference was found between groups at any point the first 12 weeks after surgery ( p = 0.67). Both groups significantly improved after surgery ( p < 0.001). After 3 months follow-up there were no differences between groups for the HAGOS questionnaire except for the domain sport ( p = 0.02) in favour of the control group. After 12 months follow-up there were no differences between both treatment groups on all HAGOS domains ( p  > 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this randomised controlled trial show highest possible evidence that there is no reason for routinely capsular closure after interportal capsulotomy at the end of hip arthroscopy. Trial Registration: This trial was registered at the CCMO Dutch Trial Register: NL55669.048.15.

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