scholarly journals Association between HLA-Cw6 allele expression and characteristics of Javanese ethnic psoriasis patients in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-4
Author(s):  
Thianti Sylviningrum ◽  
Ismiralda Oke Putranti ◽  
Octavia Permata Sari ◽  
Fitranto Arjadi ◽  
Ermadi Satriyo Sudibyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Allelic Expression ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Type ◽  
Allele Expression ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
And Gender

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease with involvement of genetic and environmental factors. The HLA-Cw6 allele is the strongest genetic factor that correlates with earlier onset and more severe clinical manifestation of psoriasis. In Javanese ethnic, HLA-Cw6 allelic expression has not been identified, although increasing psoriasis patients were found in hospital dermatology departments. The study was aimed to determine the allelic expression of HLA-Cw6 based on the onset and severity of psoriasis in Javanese ethnic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September 2018. Sixty psoriasis patients in the Margono Soekarjo Hospital and Banyumas Regional General Hospital were recruited consecutively. Psoriasis type, diagnosis, onset, and disease severity were assessed by dermatologists. HLA-Cw6 allelic expression was identified by DNA isolation, quantitative testing, and HLA-Cw6 genotyping. Fisher’s exact and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the association of HLA-Cw6 with age, clinical type, disease severity, onset, and gender. RESULTS The HLA-Cw6 allele positivity was identified at 297 base pairs (bp), while control showed at 618 bp bands. Among 60 subjects, 13 subjects (22%) showed HLACw6 positivity, and 47 subjects (78%) were HLA-Cw6 negative. HLA-Cw6 genotypes were similarly distributed concerning age, onset, gender, clinical type, and disease severity in psoriasis patients of Javanese ethnic (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS HLA-Cw6 expression type may not have influence to the characteristics of patients with psoriasis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Microdontia among Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of microdontia among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, (JSMU) from January-2020 to May-2020. Pre-treatment casts were taken of 140 subjects. The mesiodistal dimension of each tooth was recorded through the vernier caliper. Frequency and percentage were calculated for the presence of microdontia. The test applied was Pearson’s Chi-square test to assess the relationship between microdontia and variables like age and gender. P-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Data analysis was performed on SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 140 subjects were selected i.e. 105 (75%) females and 35 (25%) males aged range 13 -30 years with mean age 18.29 ± 3.88. Out of 42, single tooth microdontia was found in 3 (7.1%), more than one tooth microdontia, and generalized microdontia was present in 36 (85.7%) and 3 (7.1%) respectively. Microdontia was found to be more common in the maxilla (n=42, 100%) than the mandible (n=14, 33.3%). It was found more common in females (n=37, 35.2%) as compared to males (n=5, 14.3%). Statistically significant relationship was found among gender and prevalence of microdontia (p=0.019) with a statistically insignificant relationship between age and presence of microdontia (p=0.228). Conclusions: Microdontia was found to be a frequent dental anomaly, was more common in maxilla and females with a significant association with gender.

A Comparative Study of Breakfast Habits of Romanian and Spanish Adolescents Enrolled in Southern Spain Schools

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-284
Author(s):  
Encarnación Soriano-Ayala ◽  
Verónica C. Cala
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
And Gender

AbstractIntroduction: Globalization has favored intra-European Commission (EC) and extra-EC migration to Spain. One of the most numerous cultural groups that have settled in the southern Spain is from Romania. Coexistence, especially in schools, has made us become interested in knowing the eating habits at breakfast of Romanian and Spanish populations. Numerous studies show that the food intake at breakfast, mostly made before leaving home, has an incidence on the physic wellbeing of adolescent throughout the day. The processes of acculturation are also inseparable from the eating habits, health and life, that maintain the migrant teenagers. Breakfast is analyzed as one of the habits more associated with diet quality; paradoxically, one of the findings of our study, many adolescents do not take a proper breakfast every day.Objectives: The study analyzes the characteristics and the main cultural and gender differences in the implementation of breakfast: its maintenance or omission in young autochthonous and immigrants of Romanian origin in the southeast Spanish schools. Design. This is a cross-sectional study with a cluster sampling in two Primary schools and seven Secondary schools. The instrument applied was an adaptation of the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire. Sample. It has been formed by 1472 students between 11 and 18 years old; nationality: 1315 were Spanish and 157 were Romanians. Data analysis. Descriptive and differential analyses using the chi-square and U of Mann-Whitney statistics.Results: In the study we identified 1.2% of Spaniards and 3.3% of Romanians who either skip breakfast or do not eat foods throughout the morning. The main breakfast foods of the Spanish students are dairy, bread and cereals, cookies, juice and olive oil; for the Romanian students the basic foods at breakfast are cereals, dairy products, juices, biscuits and jams. We have found significant differences between the two compared cultural groups. We also found significant differences between the food eaten by men of the two cultural groups (Spanish and Romanian) and by the food eaten by women (Spanish and Romanian) in the breakfast food.Conclusions: The results show the need to further promote and implement educational programs that encourage students to make breakfast before leaving home. Also, it is necessary, they take care of the intake of the right foods to start the day and contemplate this habit from a transcultural and gender approach. Significant differences were identified in the breakfast practice food by both genders and cultural groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence and gender differences of buccally displaced canines of 12 years school children and 18-23 years adults in Shah-Alam, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Majda T. Elfseyie ◽  
◽  
Nagham M.A. Al-Jaf ◽  
Mohamed I. Abu Hassan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
School Children ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Background: The buccally displaced canines (BDC) are more commonly encountered conditions in orthodontic clinics. It is a positional variation result of several factors such as retained deciduous canines, crowding, and lateral incisors anomalous. Aims: To determine the prevalence and gender differences of one-two-three-four buccally displaced canines in the area of Shah-Alam, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 399 subjects; was consist of two age groups; 208 subjects of school children aged 12 years and 191 subjects of adults aged 18-23 years were examined clinically to determine the prevalence of BDC. Statistical analysis: The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16; a Chi-square test was performed to assess the gender differences. Results: No gender differences were found in the school-children group while in the adults group a significant gender difference was found regarding one and four canine displacements (P < 0.05). The prevalence of one-two-three canine displacement was higher significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05). However, the frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in adult females and girls (P < 0.05). The frequency of three canines displacement was approximately equal in both genders. Conclusion: The frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in females. However, the frequency of four canines displacement was higher significantly in males. These features may help in providing additional clinical signs in diagnosis and interception of such clinical situation. It will be effective in treatment plan procedure if canine displacement is detected early, help clinicians on the prevention of impaction possibility.

scholarly journals Prescription pattern in public specialized dental care centers in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e554101220732
Author(s):  
Gabriela Luiza Hochscheidt ◽  
Mateus Müller da Silva ◽  
Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Silva de Quevedo ◽  
Deise Ponzoni
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

The aim of this study was to evaluate the most common drugs prescribed by dentists and the indicators related to rational drug use. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in which 189 interviews were carried out from August 2015 to June 2016 with patients who received drug prescriptions at specialized dental care centers in a city in southern Brazil. A specific data sheet was used, with questions regarding: age and gender of the patient, dental specialty in which the care occurred, and prescription drugs and their respective dosage regimen. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test (p <0.05). From the total of interviews, it was observed that 92.1% of patients received written medication prescriptions. Of these prescriptions, 38.5% had some type of antibiotic for systemic use. Acetaminophen was the most prescribed drug (33.4%), followed by amoxicillin (19.7%). The mean number of medications per prescription was 1.75, and 17.4% of the prescriptions did not indicate the dosage regimen. Our findings indicate a high incidence of prescribed antibiotics and non-compliance with regulatory agency guidance in prescriptions at the centers evaluated.

scholarly journals Factors associated with knowledge about the health effects of exposure to secondhand smoke among youth in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3273
Author(s):  
Rabeya Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Background: Despite the high prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among Bangladeshi adults, little is known about the knowledge regarding the health effects of exposure to secondhand smoke among the youth aged 15-24 years in Bangladesh. Against this background, the present study was conducted among the youth in Bangladesh to ascertain their levels of knowledge regarding health effects of secondhand smoke and its associated factors.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 656 respondents between the age of 15-24 years old selected by multistage cluster sampling. This study was conducted in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. Data was analyzed using Chi square testing and multivariate logistic regression.Results: The proportion of good, average and poor knowledge scores among respondents were 30.5%, 50.0% and 19.5% respectively. Age and education were significant independent predictors of good knowledge. Furthermore, education and gender were tended as independent predictor of average knowledge. OR for age: 1.12 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.25); OR for education: 1.27 (95% CI: 1.15 to 1.40).Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study found that less than one-third of the youth had a good level of knowledge on secondhand smoke health effects. The government needs to focus more on less-educated individuals and adolescents if a successful policy is to be implemented.

The Incidence Rate of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction in Patients with Earache

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsoulmolouk Najafi ◽  
Nafiseh Sheykhbahaei ◽  
Maryam-Sadat Sadrzadeh-Afshar ◽  
Shahin Asadi-Ghalhari ◽  
Narges Gholizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Axis I ◽  
And Gender

Background and Objectives: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) is known as a chronic pain in the earsmanifested in the form of tinnitus, earache, hearingloss, vertigo, and other impairments. Although patients affected with this disorderundergo long-term treatmentsusing various medicines without significant pain relief,medical care is still possible with a correct diagnosis. This study investigated the incidencerate of TMD in patients suffering from earache. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study investigate theincidencerate of TMDin patients with earache referring todental clinics affiliated toTehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran, including patients with over six months of earache or those having pain despite using medicines. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) Axis I and II Protocol was used for examining TMD and stress, and also independent t-test and Chi-square test were employedto compare TMD patientsin terms of age and gender. Results:A total number of 100 individuals aged between 18 and 65 years, including 40 males and 60 females were examined in this study. The incidence rate of TMD in patients with earache was also reported by 76.5%. Conclusion:The results indicated a highincidence rate ofTMDin patients having earache. Accordingly, patients complaining about TMD required specialized earache evaluationsby dentists and medics.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and drug use among nursing staff professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle Aparecida de Barros Junqueira ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Lúcio Borges de Araújo ◽  
Maria Cristina de Moura Ferreira ◽  
Carla Denari Giuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate possible relationships between drug abuse, symptoms suggestive of depression and gender in nursing team professionals. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in a general hospital with 416 participants. Used questionnaire with sociodemographic information, ASSIST, AUDIT-C and PHQ-2 tests. Used Fisher's Exact Tests, Chi-Square Test, and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis. Results: The female gender presented decreased odds ratios for alcohol consumption in the binge pattern and use of marijuana; and double odds ratios for feelings of lack of interest and pleasure. Symptoms suggestive of depression presented potential risks for the use of sedatives. Conclusion: Drug abuse and symptoms of depression are associated and manifest differently, according to gender among nursing staff professionals. Implications for practice: Social and gender roles influence the mental health conditions of these professionals.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Use of Areca Nut and Its Effect on Oral Health in School Going Children in Gadap Town, Malir, Karachi, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Maqbool ◽  
Mohammad Ali Leghari ◽  
Sajjad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT Background Areca nut chewing in different forms is getting more prevalent among the south Asian inhabitants. Its uses are progressing from adults to adolescents and especially its frequent use among the school going children. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of areca nut chewing and its effect on the oral health of school going children. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study using a close ended questionnaire was conducted to collect the data from the school going children of Gadap town, Malir, Karachi. A random sample of 285 students (n = 285) were examined. The research instrument was self-structured close ended questionnaire. The questionnaire contained questions regarding the knowledge and consequences of chewing areca nut, its products and its effect on their oral health. The questionnaires were administered to the students in their respective classes and the filled questionnaires were collected on the same day. Chi-square test was used for differences in frequencies among the types of areca nut, practices of using areca nut and gender variables. Stata 11 was used for data analysis. Total number of 285 children were surveyed. Results There were 75.09% boys and 24.91% girls, mean age of the students was 6.23 (1.05). The range of the students was 4 to 8 years. The frequency of using areca nut and products containing areca nut in our study was 77.9%. There were 60.35% students both male and female who were identified to gutkha chewing habit. Frequency of consumption of chewing areca nut made products increases as the age's increases. The 74.38% respondents were suffering from oral lesions. Conclusion Chewing of areca nut and products containing areca nut is prevailing in rural areas especially among the lower age group of school going children. Both genders are equally and frequently use areca nut as habit. How to cite this article Leghari MA, Ali S, Maqbool S. The Prevalence of Use of Areca Nut and Its Effect on Oral Health in School Going Children in Gadap Town, Malir, Karachi, Pakistan. World J Dent 2016;7(1):6-9.

scholarly journals An evaluation on the association between sleep and dietary patterns with obesity - an online cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 691-697
Author(s):  
Karthik V ◽  
Sridevi G ◽  
Leslie Rani S
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Gender

This survey was taken up to analyze the association between food habits and sleep with obesity. The survey involved 200 healthy participants of both genders.  A cross sectional study was planned among the saveetha university students. Generalised questionnaires which assess the food habits of the participants was designed to find how it relates with obesity and PITTSBURGH sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep habits of the subject during the past one month. The responses of the questions were tabulated and the correlation of food habits and sleep with the tendency of obesity and gender-related analysis was done using SPSS software version 22 and the statistical test used was chi-square test and the significance value was fixed at p < 0.05. The results revealed that about 49% of people have trouble sleeping. 51% of people less than once a week face trouble. 53 % of people use the bathroom in the middle of sleep. 56% of people drink soft drinks two times per day. There were also significant changes among genders in the intake of junk food intake, appetite and sleep rating. Thus the study concluded that food habits with the intake of junk food and sleep deprivation with gender correlation predispose to obesity.

scholarly journals Frequency of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Its Patterns in Families of Children with OCD in Rafsanjan, 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Agha Mohammad Hasani ◽  
Mohammadreza Mokhtaree ◽  
Mohammad Nazer ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Level Of Significance

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the common psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents that can be created by both genetic and environmental factors. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of OCD and its patterns in families with OCD children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 95 children and adolescents with OCD who were referred to the Psychology Clinic of Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2016 were enrolled by a convenience sampling method. The research tool was an obsessive-compulsive questionnaire (children form), and interviews were also carried out with the patients to find the deterioration of the symptoms in them and/or their families. Data were presented and analyzed by mean ± SD, frequency, and Chi-square test. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: The highest frequency of OCD patterns was washing, Checking, and doubt. 36.7% of fathers and 56.1% of mothers had one of obsessive-compulsive disorder patterns. Meanwhile, the most common pattern observed in the parents was cleaning. In total, 79.6% of the paternal families and 87.7% of the maternal families of the patients had OCD. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed in the levels of OCD between children and mothers (P = 0.027), whereas no significant association was detected between the OCD of children and that of their parents. Conclusions: Family history (especially maternal family) plays a significant role in OCD development, which is indicative of the transmission pattern of multifactorial traits, while the heritability of OCD is still not determined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document