Use of phytofiltration technologies in the removal of heavy metals: A review

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Gardea-Torresdey ◽  
G. de la Rosa ◽  
J. R. Peralta-Videa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Effluents ◽  
Amino Amide

Biosorption is a relatively new process that has proven very promising in the removal of contaminants from aqueous effluents. Microorganisms as well as plant- and animal-derived materials have been used as biosorbents by many researchers. Biomaterial immobilization and chemical modification improves the adsorption capacity and stability of biosorbents. Biosorption experiments over Cu(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Cr(III), and Ni(II) demonstrated that biomass Cu(II) adsorption ranged from 8.09 to 45.9 mg g−1, while Cd(II) and Cr(VI) adsorption ranged from 0.4 to 10.8 mg g−1 and from 1.47 to 119 mg g−1, respectively. Mechanisms involved in the biosorption process include chemisorption, complexation, surface and pore adsorption-complexation, ion exchange, microprecipitation, hydroxide condensation onto the biosurface, and surface adsorption. Chemical modification and spectroscopic studies have shown that cellular components including carboxyl, hydroxyl, sulfate, sulfhydryl, phosphate, amino, amide, imine, and imidazol moieties have metal binding properties and are therefore the functional groups in the biomass. Column studies using support matrices for biomass immobilization such as silica, agar, polyacrilamide, polysulfone, alginates, cellulase, and different cross-linking agents have been performed to improve the biomass adsorption capacity and reusability. In this review, the salient features of plant-derived materials are highlighted as potential phytofiltration sources in the recovery of toxic heavy and precious metals.

scholarly journals Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Maria Mihăilescu ◽  
Adina Negrea ◽  
Mihaela Ciopec ◽  
Petru Negrea ◽  
Narcis Duțeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gold Concentration ◽  
Commercial Resin

Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, functionalized through saturation with L-glutamic acid, whose adsorption capacity has been proved to be higher than those of other materials utilized for gold adsorption. In this context, this article presents the results of a factorial design experiment for optimizing the gold recovery from residual solutions resulting from the electronics industry using Am-L-GA. Firstly, the material was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to emphasize the material’s characteristics, essential for the adsorption quality. Then, the study showed that among the parameters taken into account in the analysis (pH, temperature, initial gold concentration, and contact time), the initial gold concentration in the solution plays a determinant role in the removal process and the contact time has a slightly positive effect, whereas the pH and temperature do not influence the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of 29.27 mg/L was obtained by optimizing the adsorption process, with the control factors having the following values: contact time ~106 min, initial Au(III) concentration of ~164 mg/L, pH = 4, and temperature of 25 °C. It is highlighted that the factorial design method is an excellent instrument to determine the effects of different factors influencing the adsorption process. The method can be applied for any adsorption process if it is necessary to reduce the number of experiments, to diminish the resources or time consumption, or for expanding the investigation domain above the experimental limits.

Chemical Modification and Metal Binding Studies ofDatura innoxia

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Drake ◽  
Shan Lin ◽  
Gary D. Rayson ◽  
Paul J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Binding Studies

scholarly journals Optimization of process parameters for heavy metals biosorption onto mustard waste biomass

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lăcrămioara (Negrilă) Nemeş ◽  
Laura Bulgariu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

AbstractMustard waste biomass was tested as a biosorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. This strategy may be a sustainable option for the utilization of such wastes. The influence of the most important operating parameters of the biosorption process was analyzed in batch experiments, and optimal conditions were found to include initial solution pH 5.5, 5.0 g biosorbent/L, 2 hours of contact time and high temperature. Kinetics analyses show that the maximum of biosorption was quickly reached and could be described by a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir model, and the highest values of maximum biosorption capacity were obtained with Pb(II), followed by Zn(II) and Cd(II). The thermodynamic parameters of the biosorption process (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) were also evaluated from isotherms. The results of this study suggest that mustard waste biomass can be used for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media.

scholarly journals ELIMINATION OF TOXIC ELEMENTS BY NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ADSORBENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Danková ◽  
Alexandra Bekényiová ◽  
Zuzana Mitróová ◽  
Danka Gešperová
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Binary Solution ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Column Tests ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Synthetic Adsorbents

The adsorption of Zn(II) and Cu(II) onto siderite (S) and kaolin (K) and adsorption of As(V) ontobentonite (B) was studied. The chemical modification – precipitation of MnO2 on the kaolin (KM) andsiderite (SM) surface was used to improve the adsorption properties of natural materials for theirapplication in columns. In the batch tests the higher adsorption capacity was observed for the KMsample. The binary solution of Zn(II)/Cu(II) was percolated through the columns filled with quartz sand(QS) as a bearer of KM or SM. The effect of toxic elements removal reached in average 90 % for bothcolumns.The adsorption of As(V) onto natural bentonite (B) and synthetic magnetic particles (MP) was studiedby batch as well as column tests. Whereas the B sample did not perform good adsorption properties inbatch test, in dynamic conditions its effect was comparable with MP. The effect of As(V) removal wasstudied in a number of series with different materials beddings and cycles repetitions. The resultsshowed that the most effective was the column filled with QS+B+MP containing more coarse-grainedfraction of bentonite. In the second cycle its removal effect reached 60 % of As(V) elimination from thesolution.

Physico-chemical modification of natural mordenite-clinoptilolite zeolites and their enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 109871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satriyo Krido Wahono ◽  
Joseph Stalin ◽  
Jonas Addai-Mensah ◽  
William Skinner ◽  
Ajayan Vinu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Co2 Adsorption ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Co2 Adsorption Capacity

scholarly journals Biochar from Agricultural by-Products for the Removal of Lead and Cadmium from Drinking Water

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2933
Author(s):  
Edgar Pineda Puglla ◽  
Diana Guaya ◽  
Cristhian Tituana ◽  
Francisco Osorio ◽  
María J. García-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

This study reports the adsorption capacity of lead Pb2+ and cadmium Cd2+ of biochar obtained from: peanut shell (BCM), “chonta” pulp (BCH) and corn cob (BZM) calcined at 500, 600 and 700 °C, respectively. The optimal adsorbent dose, pH, maximum adsorption capacity and adsorption kinetics were evaluated. The biochar with the highest Pb2+ and Cd2+ removal capacity is obtained from the peanut shell (BCM) calcined at 565 °C in 45 min. The optimal experimental conditions were: 14 g L−1 (dose of sorbent) and pH between 5 and 7. The sorption experimental data were best fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. High removal rates were obtained: 95.96% for Pb2+ and 99.05. for Cd2+. The BCH and BZM revealed lower efficiency of Pb2+ and Cd2+ removal than BCM biochar. The results suggest that biochar may be useful for the removal of heavy metals (Pb2+ and Cd2+) from drinking water.

Rapid capture of trace precious metals by amyloid-like protein membrane with high adsorption capacity and selectivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3438-3449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Facui Yang ◽  
Zhigang Yan ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Shuting Miao ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Protein Membrane ◽  
High Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Precious Metal Ions

A protein-based bilayer membrane can selectively sequester precious metal ions from leaching solutions of ores and WEEE, and exhibits an adsorption capacity for gold of 1034.4 mg g−1.

scholarly journals Efficient Separation of Heavy Metals by Magnetic Nanostructured Beads

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandra de Castro Alves ◽  
Susana Yáñez-Vilar ◽  
Yolanda Piñeiro-Redondo ◽  
José Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Metal System ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

This study reports the ability of magnetic alginate activated carbon (MAAC) beads to remove Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ni(II) from water in a mono-metal and ternary system. The adsorption capacity of the MAAC beads was highest in the mono-metal system. The removal efficiency of such metal ions falls in the range of 20–80% and it followed the order Cd(II) > Ni(II) > Hg(II). The model that best fitted in the ternary system was the Freundlich isotherm, while in the mono-system it was the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ni(II) adsorption capacities calculated from the Freundlich isotherm in the mono-metal system were 7.09, 5.08, and 4.82 (mg/g) (mg/L)1/n, respectively. Lower adsorption capacity was observed in the ternary system due to the competition of metal ions for available adsorption sites. Desorption and reusability experiments demonstrated the MAAC beads could be used for at least five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. These findings suggest the practical use of the MAAC beads as efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

scholarly journals Significance of Conformation Changes During the Binding and Release of Chromium(III) from Human Serum Transferrin

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1798-1798
Author(s):  
Kyle Edwards ◽  
John Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Metal Binding ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Turnover Time ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Research Award ◽  
Conformation Changes ◽  
Multiple Conformations

Abstract Objectives Transferrin, Tf, the protein that transports iron from the blood to the tissues via endocytosis, is believed to also transport chromium(III), Cr(III). Recently, the presence of multiple conformations was suggested by spectroscopic studies. The objective of this work is confirm whether various conformers of Cr(III)2-Tf exist and their potential significance for Cr(III) transport. Methods Cr(III) was added to apoTf in a buffered solution at pH 7.4 containing 25 mM bicarbonate at 37 °C. After time intervals, ultraviolet spectra were collected, or aliquots were removed and frozen for analysis by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which can distinguish free Cr(III) and Cr(III) bound to the two metal binding sites of Tf. To model the acidification of the endosome that triggers release of metal ions from Tf, the Cr(III)2-Tf conformer solutions were acidified by the addition of hydrochloric acid to pH 4.5 or 5.5. At time intervals after acidification, samples were again analyzed by ultraviolet and EPR spectroscopies. Results A combination of electronic and EPR studies reveal that the addition of Cr(III) to apoTf at near neutral pH in the presence of 25 mM bicarbonate results in the rapid binding of two Cr(III) accompanied and then followed by a series of conformation changes in Cr(III)2-Tf. These multiple conformations give rise to different spectroscopic properties and upon acidification different rates of Cr(III) release. Conclusions The conformer of Cr(III)2-Tf used in most previous studies and giving rise to EPR features at g ∼ 5.1, 5.4, and 5.6 forms too slowly to be physiologically relevant; however, two previously unknown conformers of Cr(III)2-Tf, giving rise to an EPR feature at g ∼2 and at g ∼ 5.4, respectively, were identified. The latter of these conformers has a lifespan similar to the turnover time of transferrin and releases Cr(III) rapidly, suggesting it is probably the most physiologically significant conformer of Cr(III)2-Tf. Funding Sources The University of Alabama College of Arts and Sciences Research Award.

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