scholarly journals Biochar from Agricultural by-Products for the Removal of Lead and Cadmium from Drinking Water

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2933
Author(s):  
Edgar Pineda Puglla ◽  
Diana Guaya ◽  
Cristhian Tituana ◽  
Francisco Osorio ◽  
María J. García-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

This study reports the adsorption capacity of lead Pb2+ and cadmium Cd2+ of biochar obtained from: peanut shell (BCM), “chonta” pulp (BCH) and corn cob (BZM) calcined at 500, 600 and 700 °C, respectively. The optimal adsorbent dose, pH, maximum adsorption capacity and adsorption kinetics were evaluated. The biochar with the highest Pb2+ and Cd2+ removal capacity is obtained from the peanut shell (BCM) calcined at 565 °C in 45 min. The optimal experimental conditions were: 14 g L−1 (dose of sorbent) and pH between 5 and 7. The sorption experimental data were best fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. High removal rates were obtained: 95.96% for Pb2+ and 99.05. for Cd2+. The BCH and BZM revealed lower efficiency of Pb2+ and Cd2+ removal than BCM biochar. The results suggest that biochar may be useful for the removal of heavy metals (Pb2+ and Cd2+) from drinking water.

Study on the Removal of Heavy Metals by Biomass

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
Neng Zhou ◽  
Zhen Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qin ◽  
Chu Jie Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

In this paper, the adsorption of heavy metals by biomass, namely dry garlic stem, an environmentally-friendly and natural adsorbent, were studied．The efficiency of the adsorbent was studied under different experimental conditions by varying parameters such as pH, initial concentration and contact time using batch adsorption technique. The results show that at pH 5.50, room temperature, the adsorption time 90 min and the amount of garlic stem 0.5 g, Co2+ have the maximum adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of the Co2+ on garlic stem is 14.9 mg/g. At pH 9.50, the adsorption time 90 min and the amount of garlic stem 0.7g, Cd2+ have the maximum adsorption at the same temperature. The maximum adsorption of the Cd2+ is 20.90 mg/g. At pH 10.0, the adsorption time 150 min and the amount of garlic stem 0.3g, Ni2+ have the maximum adsorption at the same temperature. The dry garlic stem is a efficient adsorbent in removing cobalt, cadmium and nickel from aqueous solution.

Kinetics of lead ion biosorption from aqueous solution onto lyophilized Aspergillus niveus

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Karaca ◽  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Merih Kıvanç
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Aspergillus Niveus ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) onto lyophilized fungus Aspergillus niveus was investigated in aqueous solutions in a batch system with respect to pH, contact time and initial concentration of the ions at 30 °C. The maximum adsorption capacity of lyophilized A. niveus was found to be 92.6 mg g−1 at pH 5.1 and the biosorption equilibrium was established about in 30 min. The adsorption capacity obtained is one of the highest value among those reported in the literature. The kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order kinetic, pseudo-second-order kinetic, and intraparticle diffusion equations. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities, and related correlation coefficients for the kinetic models were calculated and discussed. It was found that the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus biomass fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the lead ion adsorption were applied and the Langmuir model agreed better with the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus.

scholarly journals Studi Kemampuan Adsorpsi Ion Logam Cr6+ oleh Tanah Vulkanik “Studi Kasus Wilayah Industri Penyamakan Kulit, Garut”

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Nyoman Sumawijaya ◽  
Asep Mulyono ◽  
Anna Fadliah Rusydi
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Soil Organic Content ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe leather tanning industry in Sukaregang, Garut Regency, produces liquid waste containing Chromium and is discharged directly into the Ciwalen River without a waste treatment process. The content of Cr6+ as metal ions in the waste can also contaminating groundwater. The movement of Cr6+ will pass through the soil media before entering to the groundwater wells. The capability of the soil to adsorb the contaminant will reduce the impact on groundwater. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the soil in adsorbing and inhibiting the movement of Cr6+ into groundwater. The study was carried out at Sukaregang, Garut Regency and conducting adsorption experiments with a batch system. The analysis was carried out using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model. The experimental results showed that Cr6+ adsorbed ranged from 38% to 57% of the initial concentration. The results from Langmuir Isotherm were: the distribution coefficient (Kads) was 0.45 L/mg and the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was 2.44 mg/100g sorbent with R2 = 0.959 and Freundlich Isotherm was: qm was 2,86 mg/100g sorbent and Kads was 0,35 L/mg with R2 = 0,860. This large adsorption capacity is caused by soil texture and soil organic content. The soil in Sukaregang tanning industries has a high adsorption capacity towards Cr6+ contaminants.Keywords: adsorption, chromium, Cr6+, contaminant, volcanic soil, GarutABSTRAKIndustri penyamakan kulit di wilayah Sukaregang, Kabupaten Garut, menghasilkan limbah cair yang mengandung Kromium dan dibuang ke Sungai Ciwalen tanpa proses pengolahan limbah. Kandungan ion logam Cr6+ pada limbah dapat mencemari air tanah. Pergerakan ion logam Cr6+ akan melalui media tanah sebelum memasuki sumur-sumur penduduk. Beberapa jenis tanah mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengadsorpsi ion pencemar sehingga tidak semua limbah yang meresap ke dalam tanah mencemari air tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan tanah dalam menghambat pergerakan ion logam Cr6+ ke dalam air tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pengambilan sampel tanah di daerah Sukaregang, Garut, dan melakukan percobaan adsorpsi dengan sistem batch. Sementara analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan model isotherm Langmuir dan Freundlich. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan konsentrasi Cr6+ yang teradsorpsi berkisar 38 – 57 % dari konsentrasi awal. Kads sebesar 0,45 L/mg dan qm sebesar 2,44 mg/100g tanah dengan nilai R2 = 0,959 menggunakan isoterm Langmuir dan isoterm Freundlich memberikan nilai qm sebesar 2,86 mg/100 g sorbent dan Kads sebesar 0,35 L/mg dengan R2 = 0,860. Tingginya daya adsorpsi ini disebabkan oleh tekstur tanah dan kandungan bahan organik. Tanah di wilayah penelitian memiliki daya adsorpsi yang besar terhadap kontaminan Cr6+.Kata kunci: adsorpsi, kromium, Cr6+, kontaminan, tanah vulkanik, Garut

scholarly journals Adsorption of Mn2+ from Aqueous Solution Using Manganese Oxide-Coated Hollow Polymethylmethacrylate Microspheres (MHPM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Dutta ◽  
Jyoti Prasad Borah ◽  
Amrit Puzari
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Coated Sand

Results of investigation on adsorption of Mn2+ from aqueous solution by manganese oxide-coated hollow polymethylmethacrylate microspheres (MHPM) are reported here. This is the first report on Mn-coated hollow polymer as a substitute for widely used materials like green sand or MN-coated sand. Hollow polymethylmethacrylate (HPM) was prepared by using a literature procedure. Manganese oxide (MnO) was coated on the surface of HPM (MHPM) by using the electroless plating technique. The HPM and MHPM were characterized by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Optical and scanning micrographs were used to monitor the surface properties of the coated layer which revealed the presence of MnO on the surface of HPM. TGA showed the presence of 4-5% of MnO in MHPM. Adsorption isotherm studies were carried out as a function of pH, initial ion concentration, and contact time, to determine the adsorption efficiency for removal of Mn2+ from contaminated water by the synthesized MHPM. The isotherm results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of MnO-coated HPM to remove manganese contaminants from water is 8.373 mg/g. The obtained R 2 values of Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm models were 1 and 0.87, respectively. Therefore, R 2 magnitude confirmed that the Langmuir model is best suited for Mn2+ adsorption by a monolayer of MHPM adsorbent. The material developed shows higher adsorption capacity even at a higher concentration of solute ions, which is not usually observed with similar materials of this kind. Overall findings indicate that MHPM is a very potential lightweight adsorbent for removal of Mn2+ from the aqueous solution because of its low density and high surface area.

scholarly journals Multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified by polyaniline for the removal of alizarin yellow R from aqueous solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 198-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyue Wu ◽  
Jingang Yu ◽  
Xinyu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Alizarin Yellow ◽  
Alizarin Yellow R ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) encapsulated by polyaniline (PANI) were synthesized by in situ polymerization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the synthesized composites (O-MWCNTs/PANI), and the surface area was calculated by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The removal capacity of alizarin yellow R (AYR) with O-MWCNTs/PANI was further investigated. Experiments were conducted to optimize the adsorption conditions, including contact time, pH, initial concentration of AYR and temperature. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity for AYR was 884.80 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics and the adsorption isotherm could be better described by the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm, respectively. Energy changes revealed that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Additionally, the O-MWCNTs/PANI showed higher adsorption capacity than pristine MWCNTs or PANI. Therefore, O-MWCNTs/PANI would be applied as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dye from water.

Adsorption of Ammonium Sulfate Using Fabricated Zeolite from Waste Sludge of Water Treatment Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
Kwannate Sombatsompop ◽  
Thun Jeensawak ◽  
Pongsachan Sonpai ◽  
Adithep Wangbooncong ◽  
Jeatana Wongwichien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Waste Sludge

This work studied an adsorption of ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 from synthesized zeolite, with 3M NaOH at temperature of 90°C for 9 h, from waste sludge of water treatment plant. The scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed that the synthesized zeolite was observed to be cubic in shape. For adsorption capacity, the pH was varied at 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the contact times used were 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min, and the initial (NH4)2SO4 concentrations used ranged from 60-120 mg/L. The recommended pH and contact time were 8 and 15 min, respectively. Adsorption isotherm for synthesized zeolite was fitted to Langmuir model more effectively than Freundlich model. The K values for Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm was 0.061 and 1.751 L/mg with R2 values of 0.989 and 0.965, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity was 9.597 mg/g obtained by the Langmuir isotherm. The work has concluded that the fabricated zeolite could successfully be used for adsorption of ammonium sulfate.

Insights into the mechanism of methylene blue removed by novel and classic biochars

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1561-1570
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Fengting Chen ◽  
Bin Ji ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Hongjiao Song
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora

Abstract The adsorption behavior and the underlying mechanism of methylene blue (MB) sorption on biochars prepared from different feedstocks at 500 °C were evaluated. The biochar feedstocks included Magnolia grandiflora Linn. leaves biochar (MBC), pomelo (Citrus grandis) peel biochar (PBC) and badam shell biochar (BBC). The results of characterizing and analyzing the samples showed that different biochars had different effects on the adsorption of MB. It could be found that MBC had the best adsorption effect on MB due to its largest average pore diameter of 5.55 nm determined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum adsorption capacities of BBC, PBC and MBC were 29.7, 85.15 and 99.3 mg/g, respectively. The results showed that the amount of adsorption was affected by the pH value. The maximum adsorption capacity of MBC was 46.99 mg/g when it was at pH of 3, whereas for the same experimental conditions the maximum adsorption capacity of BBC and PBC was 25.29 mg/g at pH of 11 and 36.08 mg/g at pH of 7, respectively. Therefore, MBC was found to be a most efficient low-cost adsorbentl for dye wastewater treatment compared with BBC and PBC, and it had the best removal effect under acidic conditions.

scholarly journals Efficient Separation of Heavy Metals by Magnetic Nanostructured Beads

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandra de Castro Alves ◽  
Susana Yáñez-Vilar ◽  
Yolanda Piñeiro-Redondo ◽  
José Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Metal System ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

This study reports the ability of magnetic alginate activated carbon (MAAC) beads to remove Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ni(II) from water in a mono-metal and ternary system. The adsorption capacity of the MAAC beads was highest in the mono-metal system. The removal efficiency of such metal ions falls in the range of 20–80% and it followed the order Cd(II) > Ni(II) > Hg(II). The model that best fitted in the ternary system was the Freundlich isotherm, while in the mono-system it was the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ni(II) adsorption capacities calculated from the Freundlich isotherm in the mono-metal system were 7.09, 5.08, and 4.82 (mg/g) (mg/L)1/n, respectively. Lower adsorption capacity was observed in the ternary system due to the competition of metal ions for available adsorption sites. Desorption and reusability experiments demonstrated the MAAC beads could be used for at least five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. These findings suggest the practical use of the MAAC beads as efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

Adsorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutions on activated carbon

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Leyva Ramos ◽  
A. Juarez Martinez ◽  
R. M. Guerrero Coronado
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Experimental Adsorption ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Adsorption Data

The adsorption isotherm of chromium (VI) on activated carbon was obtained in a batch adsorber. The experimental adsorption data were fitted reasonably well to the Freundlich isotherm. The effect of pH on the adsorption isotherm was investigated at pH values of 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12. It was found that at pH < 6, Cr(VI) was adsorbed and reduced to Cr(III) by the catalytic action of the carbon and that at pH ≥ 12, Cr(VI) was not adsorbed on activated carbon. Maximum adsorption capacity was observed at pH 6 and the adsorption capacity was diminished about 17 times by increasing the pH from 6 to 10. The pH effect was attributed to the different complexes that Cr(VI) can form in aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherm was also affected by the temperature since the adsorption capacity was increased by raising the temperature from 25 to 40°C. It was concluded that Cr(VI) was adsorbed significantly on activated carbon at pH 6 and that the adsorption capacity was greatly dependent upon pH.

Equilibrium and Kinetics Studies for Adsorption of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution by Modified Phosphogypusum

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hong Yang ◽  
Dun Tao Shu ◽  
Ting Dong Fu ◽  
Huai Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Adsorbate Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Best Fit

The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption of Cu(II) on phosphogypsum, a waste material from the manufacture of phosphoric acid by wet process. The removal capacity of phosphogypsum for Cu(II) ions was studied as a function of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and adsorbate concentration. Before batch adsorption study, phosphogypsum was pre-conditioned by calcine without water. The Langmuir and Freundlich theories were used to describe the Cu(II) adsorption process, and the Freundlich isotherm showed the best fit to the process. The adsorptions of Cu(II) followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Maximum adsorption capacity of lime-preconditioned phosphogypsum was found to be 2.824 mg/g. The results showed that the phoshogypsum is a suitable adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions.

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