scholarly journals The strength of association between psychological factors and clinical outcome in tendinopathy: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242568
Author(s):  
Carl Stubbs ◽  
Sean Mc Auliffe ◽  
Adrian Mallows ◽  
Kieran O’sullivan ◽  
Terence Haines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Strength Of Association

Objective Tendinopathy is often a disabling, and persistent musculoskeletal disorder. Psychological factors appear to play a role in the perpetuation of symptoms and influence recovery in musculoskeletal pain. To date, the impact of psychological factors on clinical outcome in tendinopathy remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the strength of association between psychological factors and clinical outcome in tendinopathy. Methods A systematic review of the literature and qualitative synthesis of published trials was conducted. Electronic searches of ovid MEDLINE, ovid EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library was undertaken from their inception to June 2020. Eligibility criteria included RCT’s and studies of observational design incorporating measurements of psychological factors and pain, disability and physical functional outcomes in people with tendinopathy. Risk of Bias was assessed by two authors using a modified version of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. High or low certainty evidence was examined using the GRADE criteria. Results Ten studies of observational design (6-cross sectional and 4 prospective studies), involving a sample of 719 participants with tendinopathy were included. Risk of bias for the included studies ranged from 12/21 to 21/21. Cross-sectional studies of low to very low level of certainty evidence revealed significant weak to moderate strength of association (r = 0.24 to 0.53) between psychological factors and clinical outcomes. Prospective baseline data of very low certainty evidence showed weak strength of association between psychological factors and clinical outcome. However, prospective studies were inconsistent in showing a predictive relationship between baseline psychological factors on long-term outcome. Cross sectional studies report similar strengths of association between psychological factors and clinical outcomes in tendinopathy to those found in other musculoskeletal conditions. Conclusion The overall body of the evidence after applying the GRADE criteria was low to very low certainty evidence, due to risk of bias, imprecision and indirectness found across included studies. Future, high quality longitudinal cohort studies are required to investigate the predictive value of baseline psychological factors on long-term clinical outcome.

Abstract P269: Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes and All-cause Mortality: A Systematic Review

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Matsushita ◽  
Ning Ding ◽  
Esther Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stiffness Evaluation ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Introduction: Arterial stiffness is widely used as an index of arteriosclerosis and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was developed as a measurement of arterial stiffness that is independent of blood pressure at the time of arterial stiffness evaluation. The associations of CAVI with CVD events and all-cause mortality have not been extensively assessed. We therefore systematically reviewed the studies reporting CAVI and relevant outcomes. Methods: We searched for both prospective and cross-sectional studies using MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane from inception to April 11, 2017. Two independent reviewers screened the retrieved papers, extracted relevant data and assessed the risk of bias. Any discrepancy was solved by discussion or a third reviewer. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I 2 statistic. We pooled the results of studies that were sufficiently homogeneous. Results: Among 1,519 records, we identified 9 cohort studies (n=5,292) and 17 cross-sectional eligible studies (n=7,309). All 9 cohort studies reported the outcome of composited CVD (498 cases), but the categorization/modeling of CAVI was not consistent across those studies. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) of CVD for the highest vs. lowest CAVI category in 3 studies was borderline significant (pooled HR=1.34 [0.95, 1.87], p=0.092) (I 2 = 25.2%, p=0.263). For 3 studies examining the continuous association between CAVI and CVD, 1standard deviation (SD) increment of CAVI was significantly associated with CVD risk (pooled HR=1.22 [1.03, 1.45], p=0.023) (I 2 = 27.1%, p=0.253). Only 3 cohort studies investigated CAVI and all-cause mortality, and none of them reported a significant association. All 17 cross-sectional studies reported higher CAVI values in patients with CVD compared to those without CVD, with statistical significance in most studies. Conclusions: CAVI was generally higher in patients with CVD compared to their counterparts. In terms of the prospective prognostic value of CAVI, we found a limited number of studies, but they indicated a modest association between CAVI and CVD risk. Our systematic review highlighted the need for large prospective studies to assess the usefulness of CAVI as a predictor of CVD and mortality.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Cai ◽  
Fei Feng ◽  
Qianqian Wei ◽  
Zheng Jiang ◽  
Ruwei Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) and sarcopenia are two common diseases in aging people. To date, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD patients and the relationship between clinical features and sarcopenia in PD patients are not clear. The aim of the study was to (1) assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD patients and (2) reveal the clinical features between PD patients with and without sarcopenia.Method: A systematic review was carried out through screening PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane database in May 2020. All study designs (case–control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies) were eligible for meta-analysis. Data of patients' characteristics, sarcopenia criteria, sarcopenia prevalence, and sarcopenia measures were retrieved. The primary outcome was estimated prevalence of sarcopenia by a pooled prevalence (%) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), using a random-effects model. The secondary outcome was the differences in clinical features between PD patients with and without sarcopenia by meta-analysis. Included articles were assessed for risk of bias. Potential sources of variation were investigated by using subgroup analyses and meta-regression.Result: Ten studies were included in the review. Among them, nine were cross-sectional studies, and one was a prospective cohort study. Age of participants with PD in the studies ranged from 51.1 to 80.7 years. The estimated prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 6 to 55.5%. The random-effects pooled prevalence was 29% (95% CIs: 0.18–0.40). When only studies at low risk of bias were considered, pooled prevalence decreased to 17% (95% CIs: 0.02–0.33), with still high heterogeneity. The incidence of falls in PD patients with sarcopenia was higher than that in PD patients without sarcopenia. There was no difference in sex ratio between PD patients with and without sarcopenia.Conclusion: Sarcopenia seems to be common in patients with PD. Early assessment of sarcopenia should be implemented in PD to avoid fall and disability.

The effect of psychological distress on health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughn Barry ◽  
Mary E Stout ◽  
Mary Ellen Lynch ◽  
Shanna Mattis ◽  
Duc Q Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Distress effects are widely examined in cross-sectional studies with less known about effects on future health. This review summarizes distress impacts on health among adults in prospective studies and describes available distress measurement tools. Four inter-disciplinary databases were searched. Effects of distress on mortality and other outcomes were reviewed and estimated in a meta-analysis. A total of 19 studies were assessed which incorporated 10 distress tools. Distress had a detrimental effect on health regardless of the population studied, distress tool used, and health outcome examined. There was an increased mortality risk among those reporting high versus low distress (pooled hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.29 (1.15–1.46)).

scholarly journals Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM All-Ceramic Tooth-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2672
Author(s):  
Babak Saravi ◽  
Andreas Vollmer ◽  
Maja Hartmann ◽  
Gernot Lang ◽  
Ralf-Joachim Kohal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Fixed Dental Prostheses

Although CAD/CAM ceramics present a promising alternative to metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses, little is known about their mid- and long-term clinical performance. This systematic review aims to estimate the survival and success rates and describes the underlying complication characteristics for CAD/CAM tooth-supported zirconia- and lithium disilicate-based fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). We systematically searched MEDLINE and Web of Science to find relevant prospective studies with a follow-up of at least one year. We estimated pooled 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival and success rates by combining the collected data in a Poisson regression model. Descriptive statistics were conducted to evaluate the distribution of failures and complications in the included studies. Risk of bias for the included studies was assessed with an adapted checklist for single-arm trials. Pooled estimated 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates ranged from 93.80% to 94.66%, 89.67% to 91.1%, and 79.33% to 82.20%, respectively. The corresponding success rates excluding failures, but including any other types of intervention were 94.53% to 96.77%, 90.89% to 94.62%, and 81.78% to 89.25%. Secondary caries was the most frequent cause of failure, followed by chipping of the veneering. The most common cause of complication excluding failures but requiring intervention was chipping of the veneering. Risk of bias was generally acceptable for the included studies, with seven studies associated with low risk of bias, eight studies with a moderate risk of bias, and three studies with serious risk of bias. The current meta-analysis on CAD/CAM-supported FDPs revealed satisfying survival and success rates for up to 10 years of exposure. More prospective studies focusing on long-term performance are needed to strengthen the evidence currently available in the literature.

Physical Activity and Safety From Crime Among Adults: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inacio C. M. da Silva ◽  
Valerie L. C. Payne ◽  
Adriano Akira Hino ◽  
Andrea Ramirez Varela ◽  
Rodrigo S. Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background:The aim of this study was to review the evidence to date on the association between physical activity and safety from crime.Methods:Articles with adult populations of 500+ participants investigating the association between physical activity and safety from crime were included. A methodological quality assessment was conducted using an adapted version of the Downs and Black checklist.Results:The literature search identified 15,864 articles. After assessment of titles, abstracts and full-texts, 89 articles were included. Most articles (84.3%) were derived from high-income countries and only 3 prospective articles were identified. Articles presented high methodological quality. In 38 articles (42.7%), at least one statistically significant association in the expected direction was reported (ie, safety from crime was positively associated with physical activity). Nine articles (10.1%) found an association in the unexpected direction and 42 (47.2%) did not find statistically significant associations. The results did not change when we analyzed articles separately by sex, age, type of measurement, or domains of physical activity evaluated.Conclusions:The current evidence, mostly based on cross-sectional studies, suggests a lack of association between physical activity and safety from crime. Prospective studies and natural experiments are needed, particularly in areas with wide crime variability.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Patterns of Skin Disease in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohammad Almohideb
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background. Large epidemiological studies on patterns of skin diseases in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to gather available epidemiologic data describing the pattern of skin diseases in different geographical areas in Saudi Arabia. Methods. A comprehensive literature search of articles was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science through October 2019. We included all published cross-sectional studies that provided data on relevant incidence or prevalence of skin disease in Saudi Arabia. The risk of bias within the included cross-sectional studies was assessed using the Hoy tool for the prevalence studies. All statistical analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. Results. The present meta-analysis included 14 studies that reported the frequency of the skin disease patterns in different regions in Saudi Arabia with a total sample size of 30436 patients with an overall low risk of bias. The diseases of skin appendages and dermatitis were the most commonly reported skin diseases in Saudi Arabia (24.8% (95% CI, 24.3–25.3) and 24% (95% CI, 23.6%–24.6%), respectively). Skin infection represented about 18.5% (95% CI, 18.1%–19%), while the papulosquamous disorders represented 5.3% (95% CI, 5%–5.6%) of the skin diseases in Saudi Arabia. Skin cancers were pooled from only two studies. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were the most common malignant neoplasm in Saudi Arabia (51.4% and 22.5% of the malignant neoplasm, respectively), while malignant melanoma represents only 3.8% of the malignant skin cancer. Conclusion. Adnexal disorders and dermatitis are the most common skin disease in Saudi Arabia, followed by skin infection and pigmentary disorders. While skin cancer is more frequent than other countries, awareness campaigns should be initiated to increase knowledge about the harmful effect of long-term sun exposure.

scholarly journals Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM All-ceramic Tooth-supported Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Saravi ◽  
Andreas Vollmer ◽  
Maja Hartmann ◽  
Gernot Lang ◽  
Ralf-Joachim Kohal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Fixed Dental Prostheses

Although CAD/CAM ceramics present a promising alternative to metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses, little is known about their mid- and long-term clinical performance. This systematic review aims to estimate the survival and success rates and describes the underlying complication characteristics for CAD/CAM tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). We systematically searched MEDLINE and Web of Science to find relevant prospective studies with a follow-up of at least one year. We estimated pooled 1-, 5- and 10-year survival and success rates by combining the collected data in a Poisson regression model. Descriptive statistics were conducted to evaluate the distribution of failures and complications in the included studies. Risk of bias for the included studies was assessed with an adapted checklist for single-arm trials. Pooled estimated 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates ranged from 93.80% to 94.66%, 89.67% to 91.1%, and 79.33% to 82.20%, respectively. The corresponding success rates, excluding failures but including any other types of intervention, were 94.53% to 96.77%, 90.89% to 94.62%, and 81.78% to 89.25%. Secondary caries was the most frequent cause of failure, followed by chipping of the veneering. The most common cause of complication, excluding failures but requiring intervention, was chipping of the veneering. Risk of bias was generally acceptable for the included studies, with 7 studies associated with low risk of bias, 8 studies with a moderate risk of bias, and 3 studies with serious risk of bias. The current meta-analysis on CAD/CAM supported FDPs revealed satisfying survival and success rates for up to 10 years of exposure. More prospective studies focusing on long-term performance are needed to strengthen the evidence currently available in the literature.

scholarly journals Self-medication practices to prevent or manage COVID-19: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259317
Author(s):  
Alvaro Quincho-Lopez ◽  
Christeam A. Benites-Ibarra ◽  
Maryori M. Hilario-Gomez ◽  
Renatta Quijano-Escate ◽  
Alvaro Taype-Rondan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Background Previous studies have assessed the prevalence and characteristics of self-medication in COVID-19. However, no systematic review has summarized their findings. Objective We conducted a systematic review to assess the prevalence of self-medication to prevent or manage COVID-19. Methods We used different keywords and searched studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, two preprint repositories, Google, and Google Scholar. We included studies that reported original data and assessed self-medication to prevent or manage COVID-19. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) modified for cross-sectional studies. Results We identified eight studies, all studies were cross-sectional, and only one detailed the question used to assess self-medication. The recall period was heterogeneous across studies. Of the eight studies, seven assessed self-medication without focusing on a specific symptom: four performed in the general population (self-medication prevalence ranged between <4% to 88.3%) and three in specific populations (range: 33.9% to 51.3%). In these seven studies, the most used medications varied widely, including antibiotics, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, acetaminophen, vitamins or supplements, ivermectin, and ibuprofen. The last study only assessed self-medication for fever due to COVID-19. Most studies had a risk of bias in the “representativeness of the sample” and “assessment of outcome” items of the NOS. Conclusions Studies that assessed self-medication for COVID-19 found heterogeneous results regarding self-medication prevalence and medications used. More well-designed and adequately reported studies are warranted to assess this topic.

Systematic review of sonographic chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency findings in multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Thapar ◽  
T Lane ◽  
R Nicholas ◽  
T Friede ◽  
M Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Strength Of Association

Objective The sonographic findings of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) are used by some as selection criteria for venography. We performed a systematic review to establish the prevalence and strength of association between sonographic CCSVI and multiple sclerosis (MS). Method Two reviewers searched PubMed and EMBASE from 1948 to date using the keywords ‘chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency’ according to PRISMA guidelines. Results Four cross-sectional studies met the criteria for inclusion. The prevalence of CCSVI ranged from 7% to 100% in MS patients and from 2% to 36% in healthy controls. Diagnostic odds ratios for MS varied between 2 and 26, 499 ( I 2 = 94%). Sensitivities of CCSVI for MS varied between 7% and 100% ( I 2 = 98%). Specificities varied between 64% and 100% ( I 2 = 95%). Conclusion There is substantial variation in the strength of association between CCSVI and MS beyond that explained by demographic differences or sonographer training. Reliable evidence on which to base decisions requires sonographic consensus and assessment of the reproducibility of individual criteria between trained sonographers.

Functional objective parameters which may discriminate patients with mild cognitive impairment from cognitively healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis using an instrumented kinematic assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván José Fuentes-Abolafio ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Luis Miguel Pérez-Belmonte ◽  
María Rosa Bernal-López ◽  
Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Kinematic Assessment

Abstract Background a systematic review in 2015 showed kinematic gait and balance parameters which can discriminate patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from cognitively healthy individuals. Objective this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise and synthesise the evidence published after the previous review about the functional objective parameters obtained by an instrumented kinematic assessment which could discriminate patients with MCI from cognitively healthy individuals, as well as to assess the level of evidence per outcome. Methods major electronic databases were searched from inception to August 2019 for cross-sectional studies published after 2015 examining kinematic gait and balance parameters, which may discriminate patients with MCI from cognitively healthy individuals. Meta-analysis was carried out for each parameter reported in two or more studies. Results Ten cross-sectional studies with a total of 1,405 patients with MCI and 2,277 cognitively healthy individuals were included. Eight of the included studies reported a low risk of bias. Patients with MCI showed a slower gait speed than cognitively healthy individuals. Thus, single-task gait speed (d = −0.44, 95%CI [−0.60 to −0.28]; P &lt; 0.001), gait speed at fast pace (d = −0.48, 95%CI [−0.72 to −0.24]; P &lt; 0.001) and arithmetic dual-task gait speed (d = −1.20, 95%CI [−2.12 to −0.28]; P = 0.01) were the functional objective parameters which best discriminated both groups. Conclusion the present review shows kinematic gait parameters which may discriminate patients with MCI from cognitively healthy individuals. Most of the included studies reported a low risk of bias, but the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation criteria showed a low level of evidence per outcome.

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