Functional objective parameters which may discriminate patients with mild cognitive impairment from cognitively healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis using an instrumented kinematic assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván José Fuentes-Abolafio ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Luis Miguel Pérez-Belmonte ◽  
María Rosa Bernal-López ◽  
Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Kinematic Assessment

Abstract Background a systematic review in 2015 showed kinematic gait and balance parameters which can discriminate patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from cognitively healthy individuals. Objective this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise and synthesise the evidence published after the previous review about the functional objective parameters obtained by an instrumented kinematic assessment which could discriminate patients with MCI from cognitively healthy individuals, as well as to assess the level of evidence per outcome. Methods major electronic databases were searched from inception to August 2019 for cross-sectional studies published after 2015 examining kinematic gait and balance parameters, which may discriminate patients with MCI from cognitively healthy individuals. Meta-analysis was carried out for each parameter reported in two or more studies. Results Ten cross-sectional studies with a total of 1,405 patients with MCI and 2,277 cognitively healthy individuals were included. Eight of the included studies reported a low risk of bias. Patients with MCI showed a slower gait speed than cognitively healthy individuals. Thus, single-task gait speed (d = −0.44, 95%CI [−0.60 to −0.28]; P < 0.001), gait speed at fast pace (d = −0.48, 95%CI [−0.72 to −0.24]; P < 0.001) and arithmetic dual-task gait speed (d = −1.20, 95%CI [−2.12 to −0.28]; P = 0.01) were the functional objective parameters which best discriminated both groups. Conclusion the present review shows kinematic gait parameters which may discriminate patients with MCI from cognitively healthy individuals. Most of the included studies reported a low risk of bias, but the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation criteria showed a low level of evidence per outcome.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Cai ◽  
Fei Feng ◽  
Qianqian Wei ◽  
Zheng Jiang ◽  
Ruwei Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) and sarcopenia are two common diseases in aging people. To date, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD patients and the relationship between clinical features and sarcopenia in PD patients are not clear. The aim of the study was to (1) assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD patients and (2) reveal the clinical features between PD patients with and without sarcopenia.Method: A systematic review was carried out through screening PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane database in May 2020. All study designs (case–control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies) were eligible for meta-analysis. Data of patients' characteristics, sarcopenia criteria, sarcopenia prevalence, and sarcopenia measures were retrieved. The primary outcome was estimated prevalence of sarcopenia by a pooled prevalence (%) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), using a random-effects model. The secondary outcome was the differences in clinical features between PD patients with and without sarcopenia by meta-analysis. Included articles were assessed for risk of bias. Potential sources of variation were investigated by using subgroup analyses and meta-regression.Result: Ten studies were included in the review. Among them, nine were cross-sectional studies, and one was a prospective cohort study. Age of participants with PD in the studies ranged from 51.1 to 80.7 years. The estimated prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 6 to 55.5%. The random-effects pooled prevalence was 29% (95% CIs: 0.18–0.40). When only studies at low risk of bias were considered, pooled prevalence decreased to 17% (95% CIs: 0.02–0.33), with still high heterogeneity. The incidence of falls in PD patients with sarcopenia was higher than that in PD patients without sarcopenia. There was no difference in sex ratio between PD patients with and without sarcopenia.Conclusion: Sarcopenia seems to be common in patients with PD. Early assessment of sarcopenia should be implemented in PD to avoid fall and disability.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Patterns of Skin Disease in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohammad Almohideb
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background. Large epidemiological studies on patterns of skin diseases in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to gather available epidemiologic data describing the pattern of skin diseases in different geographical areas in Saudi Arabia. Methods. A comprehensive literature search of articles was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science through October 2019. We included all published cross-sectional studies that provided data on relevant incidence or prevalence of skin disease in Saudi Arabia. The risk of bias within the included cross-sectional studies was assessed using the Hoy tool for the prevalence studies. All statistical analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. Results. The present meta-analysis included 14 studies that reported the frequency of the skin disease patterns in different regions in Saudi Arabia with a total sample size of 30436 patients with an overall low risk of bias. The diseases of skin appendages and dermatitis were the most commonly reported skin diseases in Saudi Arabia (24.8% (95% CI, 24.3–25.3) and 24% (95% CI, 23.6%–24.6%), respectively). Skin infection represented about 18.5% (95% CI, 18.1%–19%), while the papulosquamous disorders represented 5.3% (95% CI, 5%–5.6%) of the skin diseases in Saudi Arabia. Skin cancers were pooled from only two studies. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were the most common malignant neoplasm in Saudi Arabia (51.4% and 22.5% of the malignant neoplasm, respectively), while malignant melanoma represents only 3.8% of the malignant skin cancer. Conclusion. Adnexal disorders and dermatitis are the most common skin disease in Saudi Arabia, followed by skin infection and pigmentary disorders. While skin cancer is more frequent than other countries, awareness campaigns should be initiated to increase knowledge about the harmful effect of long-term sun exposure.

scholarly journals Knowledge of blood donation and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e044343
Author(s):  
Addisu Getie ◽  
Adam Wondmieneh ◽  
Melaku Bimerew ◽  
Getnet Gedefaw ◽  
Asmamaw Demis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Study Participants

ObjectiveTo assess the level of knowledge about blood donation and associated factors in Ethiopia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsBoth published and unpublished cross-sectional studies on the level of knowledge about blood donation in Ethiopia were included. Articles from different databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar and African Journals Online were searched. Cochrane I2 statistics were used to check for heterogeneity. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses of evidence of heterogeneity were carried out. Egger’s test with funnel plot was conducted to investigate publication bias.ResultTwenty cross-sectional studies with a total of 8338 study participants (4712 men and 3626 women) were included. The overall nationwide level of knowledge about blood donation was 56.57% (95% CI 50.30 to 62.84). Being in secondary school and above (adjusted OR=3.12; 95% CI 2.34 to 4.16) and being male (adjusted OR=1.81; 95% CI 1.44 to 2.28) were the factors associated with level of knowledge about blood donation.ConclusionMore than half of the study participants were knowledgeable about blood donation. Sex and educational status were the factors significantly associated with level of knowledge about blood donation in Ethiopia. Therefore, there is a need for education and dissemination of information about blood donation among the general population to build adequate knowledge and maintain regular blood supply.

Additional appointments and discomfort associated with compliance-free fixed Class II corrector treatment: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Phuong ◽  
Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽  
Sahar Abtahi ◽  
Mary Roduta Roberts ◽  
Paul W Major ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Weak Recommendation ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Summary Objective A critical analysis of the literature to determine the prevalence and type of emergency/additional appointments, and discomfort levels associated with fixed Class II correctors. Methods Studies examining patient’s sources of discomfort or emergency appointments associated with compliance-free Class II correctors were included. Comprehensive searches up to July 2018 were conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE (OvidSP), PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. A partial grey literature search was taken using Google Scholar and OpenGrey. Two reviewers independently performed the selection process and risk of bias assessment. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies were used. A summary of the overall strength of evidence was presented using ‘Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation’ (GRADE) tool. Included studies were evaluated according to their design, study quality, consistency, and directness. Results The selected studies were published between 2001 and 2018, and the number of patients per studied group ranged from 8 to 182. One thousand five hundred forty-two patients were evaluated in total. The patients’ mean age at start of treatment ranged from 10 to 16.9 years and the fixed Class II corrector treatment duration ranged from 4 to 12 months. The included studies in this systematic review were too clinically heterogeneous (different appliances, different data recollection processes) to justify a meta-analysis. Limitations This review was not previously registered. A low level of evidence was observed among the two randomized trials, the 10 cohorts and three cross-sectional studies identified. Conclusions The main source of discomfort from Forsus-type appliances appears to be soreness in the cheeks (low level of evidence with a weak recommendation strength). Most evaluated patients treated with a Herbst appliance, regardless of design, will experience complications (fractures and/or dislodging) requiring emergency appointments (low level of evidence with a weak recommendation strength). Registration The review protocol was not registered.

scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. S. Anglin ◽  
Zainab Samaan ◽  
Stephen D. Walter ◽  
Sarah D. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThere is conflicting evidence about the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression, and a systematic assessment of the literature has not been available.AimsTo determine the relationship, if any, between vitamin D deficiency and depression.MethodA systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomised controlled trials was conducted.ResultsOne case-control study, ten cross-sectional studies and three cohort studies with a total of 31 424 participants were analysed. Lower vitamin D levels were found in people with depression compared with controls (SMD = 0.60,95% Cl 0.23–0.97) and there was an increased odds ratio of depression for the lowest v. highest vitamin D categories in the cross-sectional studies (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.0–1.71). The cohort studies showed a significantly increased hazard ratio of depression for the lowest v. highest vitamin D categories (HR=2.21, 95% CI 1.40–3.49).ConclusionsOur analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that low vitamin D concentration is associated with depression, and highlight the need for randomised controlled trials of vitamin D for the prevention and treatment of depression to determine whether this association is causal.

scholarly journals Candida Coinfection among Patients with Pulmonary tuberculosis in the World; A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Ghazalibina ◽  
Ali Shakerimoghaddam ◽  
Azad Khaledi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Early Diagnose

Abstract Background Diagnosis of fungal co-infections in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis has critical importance. In this review, we aimed to determine the prevalence of candida coinfection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods The present systematic review of cross-sectional studies was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Protocol. Studies published online in English from January 2001 to March 2019 were assessed. Literature search was performed in Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Scopus databases using keywords combinations of “pulmonary fungal”, “pulmonary coinfection”, OR “pulmonary mycosis”, “pulmonary fungal infections/agents”, OR “polymicrobial infection”, OR “secondary infection”, OR “mixed infections”, “pulmonary candidiasis”, “fungi coinfection”, “fungal co-colonization”, AND “pulmonary tuberculosis”, OR “pulmonary TB”. Data was analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated by Cochran's Q, and I 2 tests.Results The pooled global prevalence of candida coinfection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 25.7% (95% CI: 23.7-27.9). C. albicans was the most prevalent Candida spp. with a pooled prevalence of 65.8% (95% CI: 54.3-75.7). Risk factors of candida coinfection included smoking, diabetes, advanced age, and low body mass index.Conclusion The present review showed the high rate of candida coinfection among patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. Adequate measures are necessary to early diagnose and treat these infections.

scholarly journals Overuse and underuse of cardiovascular diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for community-dwelling adults: a protocol for a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Dominic Quinn ◽  
David Byrne ◽  
Tom Fahey ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny ◽  
Christine McGarrigle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthcare Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
International Guidelines

Background: Potentially inappropriate care can result from overuse or underuse of treatments, tests, or procedures. Overuse is defined as the use of health services with no clear benefit to the recipient or where harms outweigh benefits and/or costs of care. Underuse is defined as failure to deliver an effective and cost-effective healthcare intervention. Cardiovascular procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting, carotid endarterectomy, coronary angiography, and coronary angioplasty (with/without stenting) are potentially both underused and overused. This systematic review aims to identify rates of potential overuse and underuse of these cardiovascular procedures and explore any associated patient or healthcare system factors. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of MEDLINE (via Ovid), Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the Cochrane library will be conducted using a predefined search strategy.  Eligible studies for inclusion will examine rates of overuse and underuse of cardiovascular procedures, measured against national/international guidelines, for adults aged ≥18 years. Primary observational studies including cross-sectional and cohort studies will be included. Titles, abstracts, and full texts will be screened for inclusion by two reviewers. Data will be extracted using a standardised form. Risk of bias for all included studies will be assessed using a modified version of the Hoy risk of bias tool. Where adequate data exists, and if statistically appropriate, meta-analyses will be conducted. If statistical pooling of the data is not possible, the findings will be narratively summarised focusing on the review’s objectives. Conclusion: This systematic review will examine overuse and underuse of cardiovascular procedures for adults.  The results will help inform policy makers, researchers, patients, and clinicians in the appropriate use of these procedures, in line with international guidelines. Registration: This protocol has been submitted for registration on PROSPERO (CRD42021239041).

Dairy food consumption is associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mijin Lee ◽  
Hanna Lee ◽  
Jihye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

AbstractA systematic review and a meta-analysis of observational studies were performed to assess the dose–response relationship between specific types of dairy foods and the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Studies of dairy foods and the risk of the MetS and its components published up to June 2016 were searched using PubMed, EMBASE and a reference search. Random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI. Finally, ten cross-sectional studies, two nested case–control studies and twenty-nine cohort studies were included for the analysis. In a dose–response analysis of cohort studies and cross-sectional studies, the pooled RR of the MetS for a one-serving/d increment of total dairy food (nine studies) and milk (six studies) consumption (200 g/d) were 0·91 (95 % CI 0·85, 0·96) and 0·87 (95 % CI 0·79, 0·95), respectively. The pooled RR of the MetS for yogurt (three studies) consumption (100 g/d) was 0·82 (95 % CI 0·73, 0·91). Total dairy food consumption was associated with lower risk of MetS components, such as hyperglycaemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL- cholesterol. A one-serving/d increment of milk was related to a 12 % lower risk of abdominal obesity, and a one-serving/d increment of yogurt was associated with a 16 % lower risk of hyperglycaemia. These associations were not significantly different by study design, study location or adjustment factors. This meta-analysis showed that specific types of dairy food consumption such as milk and yogurt as well as total dairy food consumption were inversely related to risk of the MetS and its components.

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