scholarly journals Addictive use of digital devices in young children: Associations with delay discounting, self-control and academic performance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253058
Author(s):  
Tim Schulz van Endert
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Relationship

The use of smartphones, tablets and laptops/PCs has become ingrained in adults’ and increasingly in children’s lives, which has sparked a debate about the risk of addiction to digital devices. Previous research has linked specific use of digital devices (e.g. online gaming, smartphone screen time) with impulsive behavior in the context of intertemporal choice among adolescents and adults. However, not much is known about children’s addictive behavior towards digital devices and its relationship to personality factors and academic performance. This study investigated the associations between addictive use of digital devices, self-reported usage duration, delay discounting, self-control and academic success in children aged 10 to 13. Addictive use of digital devices was positively related to delay discounting, but self-control confounded the relationship between the two variables. Furthermore, self-control and self-reported usage duration but not the degree of addictive use predicted the most recent grade average. These findings indicate that children’s problematic behavior towards digital devices compares to other maladaptive behaviors (e.g. substance abuse, pathological gambling) in terms of impulsive choice and point towards the key role self-control seems to play in lowering a potential risk of digital addiction.

scholarly journals Likes and impulsivity: Investigating the relationship between actual smartphone use and delay discounting

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241383
Author(s):  
Tim Schulz van Endert ◽  
Peter N. C. Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
The Relationship

The omnipresence of smartphones among adolescents and adults gives rise to the questions about excessive use and personality factors which are associated with heavier engagement with these devices. Previous studies have found behavioral similarities between smartphone use and maladaptive behaviors (e.g. drinking, gambling, drug abuse) in the context of intertemporal choice but mostly relied on participants’ self-reports regarding engagement with their phone. In this study, we collected actual usage data by smartphone application from 101 participants and assessed their tendency to discount future rewards, their reward responsiveness, self-control and consideration of future consequences. We found that smartphone screen time was correlated with choosing smaller immediate over larger delayed rewards and that usage of social media and gaming apps predicted delay discounting. Additionally, smartphone use was negatively correlated with self-control but not correlated with consideration of future consequences. Neither psychological variable could mediate the relationship between smartphone usage and delay discounting. Our findings provide further evidence that smartphone use and impulsive decision-making go hand in hand and that engagement with these devices needs to be critically examined by researchers to guide prudent behavior.

The Relationship between Religiosity and Academic Performance amongst Accounting Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Umaru Mustapha Zubairu ◽  
Olalekan Busra Sakariyau
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Grade Point Averages ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

<p>In this paper, the association between religiosity and academic performance among accounting students enrolled at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) is explored, as recent research demonstrates a positive association between religiosity and academic success. Students' religiosity was measured using proxies from an Islamic perspective, whilst their academic performances were measured using their Cumulative Grade Point Averages (CGPA). The statistical analysis revealed no significant correlation between religiosity and academic performance among accounting students at IIUM. However, a closer examination of the results revealed that students at IIUM possessed high levels of religiosity as well as high levels of academic performances.</p>

scholarly journals Physical Fitness, Grit, School Attendance, and Academic Performance among Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Cosgrove ◽  
Yen T. Chen ◽  
Darla M. Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Urban Minority ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of grit as a construct representing perseverance to overcoming barriers and the total number of school absences to academic performance (AP) while controlling for sociodemographics, fitness (i.e., PACER), and Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods. Adolescents (N = 397, SD = 1.85; 80.9% females; 77.1% Hispanic) from an urban, minority-majority city in the Southern United States completed the FitnessGram® assessment of physical fitness (e.g., aerobic capacity and Body Mass Index (BMI)) and the valid and reliable short grit survey. The schools provided sociodemographics, attendance, and AP data for the adolescents. Results. Adolescents with higher grit scores (rs=0.21, P < 0.001) and less total absences (rs=-0.35, P < 0.001) performed better on AP. Hierarchical multiple regression indicated that grit and absences were associated with AP (β = 0.13, P < 0.01 and β = −0.35, P < 0.001, resp.). Conclusions. Grit and a total number of absences are significant contributors to academic success, particularly among Hispanic adolescents. Further, grit and school attendance may serve as a better measure of protective factors over proximal health measures of cardiovascular health and BMI.

Academic Success of “Tiger Cubs”

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Yi Wu ◽  
Franki Y. H. Kung ◽  
Hsueh-Chih Chen ◽  
Young-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Growth ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
The North ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
And Gender

Studies in the United States have shown that self-control can predict academic performance beyond intelligence quotient (IQ), which also explains why girls (vs. boys) tend to have higher grades. However, empirical evidence is scarce; moreover, little is known about whether these effects generalize to other cultures. To address these limitations, we conducted a 2-year longitudinal study in Asia and examined the effects of self-control, IQ, and gender on students’ academic achievement over time. Specifically, we first measured 195 Taiwanese seventh grades’ self-control and IQ, and then traced their overall grades over four school semesters. Latent growth curve model analyses suggest that IQ predicted students’ initial academic performance more strongly than self-control; however, self-control—but not IQ—predicted students’ academic growth across the four time points and explained girls’ higher grades. Overall, the findings support the argument that self-control has unique long-term benefits academically and provide initial evidence outside of the North American context.

scholarly journals Temporal delay discounting in acutely ill and weight-recovered patients with anorexia nervosa

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1229-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ritschel ◽  
J. A. King ◽  
D. Geisler ◽  
L. Flohr ◽  
F. Neidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Temporal Discounting ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Hyperbolic Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Age Range

Background.Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are characterized by a very low body weight but readily give up immediate rewards (food) for long-term goals (slim figure), which might indicate an unusual level of self-control. This everyday clinical observation may be quantifiable in the framework of the anticipation-discounting dilemma.Method.Using a cross-sectional design, this study compared the capacity to delay reward in 34 patients suffering from acute AN (acAN), 33 weight-recovered AN patients (recAN) and 54 healthy controls. We also used a longitudinal study to reassess 21 acAN patients after short-term weight restoration. A validated intertemporal choice task and a hyperbolic model were used to estimate temporal discounting rates.Results.Confirming the validity of the task used, decreased delay discounting was associated with age and low self-reported impulsivity. However, no group differences in key measures of temporal discounting of monetary rewards were found.Conclusions.Increased cognitive control, which has been suggested as a key characteristic of AN, does not seem to extend the capacity to wait for delayed monetary rewards. Differences between our study and the only previous study reporting decreased delay discounting in adult AN patients may be explained by the different age range and chronicity of acute patients, but the fact that weight recovery was not associated with changes in discount rates suggests that discounting behavior is not a trait marker in AN. Future studies using paradigms with disorder-specific stimuli may help to clarify the role of delay discounting in AN.

scholarly journals A Review of the Relationship between Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar Jaiswal ◽  
Rashmi Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
School Level ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Relationship

Parental involvement in the education of their children is a key function of child total functioning as well as their academic success. This paper review the research literature on the relationship among parenting practices such as parenting style, parents’ expectations, parental home and school involvement activities and students’ academic performance with the focus on elementary and middle school level. To conduct a comprehensive review on above relationship, researchers have used JSTOR data base and Google Scholar. The reviews of empirical researches indicate that different constructs of parental involvement play an important role in various ways. Several studies however indicate a decline in parental involvement during the middle or above school levels. Furthermore, the review indicates that authoritative parenting style is positively associated academic performance across all school level, although this finding is not consistent across ethnicity, culture and socioeconomic status. Parental home based and school based involvements have also been positively related to academic performance with some inconsistency. One the other hand parental expectations for their child educational attainment have the strongest impact on academic performance compared with other types of parental involvement constructs such as participation in school events, parent-child communication, and help in homework.

scholarly journals Delay Discounting and Health Risk Behaviors: A Review and Suggestions for School Based Intervention in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Thu Ha ◽  
Dang Hoang Minh
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Based Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Delay discounting is the cognitive process that allows the individual to compare values between an immediate smaller reward and a larger but delayed reward (for instance, individual is asked to choose between 10.000 dong now or 20.000 dong in a week). Recently, delay discounting assumes an important role in the field of self-control and decision making related to health, explain why people engaged in various health risk behaviors (including unhealthy diet, inactivity, smoking, drinking). These behaviors account for serious consequences as mortality, mental disorders, cardiac diseases, cancer… This article firstly presents the concept of delay discounting and the discount functions. Secondly, it summarizes the evidences for the relationship between delay discounting and health risk behaviors and describes how the discount functions explains for these behaviors’ patterns. Lastly, it introduces some strategies to reduce delay discounting in order to improve health behaviors and makes suggestions to school-based intervention programs targeting health risk behaviors in Vietnam.  

scholarly journals Does General and Specific Traits of Personality Predict Students’ Academic Performance?

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jaber ◽  
Basim Al-Samarrai ◽  
Afraa Al-Obaidee ◽  
Sudhir Rama Varma ◽  
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
And Performance ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Performance Results

Background and Objectives. This study examines whether personality profiles, personality factors, or clusters of personality factors are associated with academic success. Methods. The study includes all fifth-year dental students registered at the College of Dentistry, Ajman University, in 2019/2020. One hundred and seventy students were invited to complete personality and performance measures using the Big Five Inventory (BFI) scale; the weighted grade point average (GPA) was used to assess students’ academic performance. Results. Of the 170 participants, 60% were female and 40% were male. Participants ranged in age from twenty-four to twenty-seven years, with an average age of twenty-four years. There was a relationship between personality scores obtained for the students and their subsequent academic performance. The broad conscientiousness, competence, achievement, and dutifulness predicted academic and clinical success. The prediction accuracy of conscientiousness was improved by the inclusion of dutifulness, self-discipline, and deliberation. Conclusion. This study confirms that the students’ personality profile is a substantial predictor of academic performance and likely to help select future intakes of students, although a prospective study would be required for a definite answer to this question.

scholarly journals IKT-ESZKÖZÖK HASZNÁLATÁNAK ÖSSZEFÜGGÉSE A KOGNITÍV MŰKÖDÉS ÁTALAKULÁSÁVAL ÉS SZEMÉLYISÉGTÉNYEZŐKKEL – ÁTTEKINTÉS NEMZETKÖZI EMPIRIKUS VIZSGÁLATOK EREDMÉNYEIRE ALAPOZVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-346
Author(s):  
Faragó Boglárka
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

CélkitűzésA tanulmány célja, hogy áttekintést nyújtson azon nemzetközi empirikus kutatások főbb eredményeiről, melyek azzal foglalkoznak, hogy az IKT-eszközök használata milyen összefüggést mutat a kognitív működéssel, személyiségvonásokkal. A kognitív működés területei közül a következőkre fókuszál a tanulmány; gondolkodás, figyelem és emlékezet, végrehajtó funkciók, intelligencia. A személyiségvonások közül az impulzivitás, szenzoros élménykeresés és kontrollhelyelvárás szerepe jelenik meg.Az áttekintés módszertanaAz összefoglaló tanulmány olyan kutatások eredményeire támaszkodik, melyek nemzetközi színtéren született empirikus vizsgálatok a fent felsorolt témákon belül. A tanulmány törekszik a témában friss, releváns nemzetközi empirikus kutatások áttekintésére. A főbb eredmények és az ezekből levont következtetések: Az IKT-eszközök használata feltételezhetően eredményez bizonyos átalakulásokat kognitív működésünkben, azonban a kutatások eredményei arra a következtetésre vezetnek, hogy nem önmagában az IKT-használat az, ami a kognitív változásokat eredményezi, hanem az IKT-eszközök nem megfelelő használata. Vagyis valószínűleg a megfelelő IKT-használati szokások elsajátítása a kulcs abban, hogy az IKT-eszközök kognitív működésünkre gyakorolt negatív hatásainak mérséklésével ki tudjuk használni ezen eszközök előnyeit. Az IKT-eszközök nem megfelelő, problematikus használata olyan személyiségtényezőkkel mutat összefüggést, mint az impulzivitás (türelmetlenség, alacsony önkontroll és kitartás), gátolatlanság unalomintolerancia, külső kontrollos kontrollhelyelvárás. Kérdéses azonban, hogy ezen személyiségbeli jellemzőket valóban az IKT-eszközök bizonyos típusú használata idézi-e elő, vagy fordítva; az eleve ilyen személyiségvonással jellemezhető személyek hajlamosabbak a problematikus IKT-használatra? Ahhoz, hogy erre a kérdésre nagy bizonyossággal választ tudjunk adni, több randomizált kontrollált kutatásra van szükség a területen. A tanulmányban szereplő empirikus kutatásokat így kutatásmódszertani szempontból is fontos megvizsgálni annak érdekében, hogy árnyaltabb következtetéseket tudjunk megfogalmazni elemzésük révén.AimThe goal of this paper is to review the main findings of the international empirical studies which are focusing on the relationship of ICT-usage and cognitive functioning, and on the relationship of ICT-usage and personality factors. In the field of cognitive functioning, this paper studies the followings; reasoning, attention, memory functions, executive functions, intelligence. From the personality traits, this paper engages in impulsivity, sensory seeking and locus of control.The methodology of the reviewThis paper reviews the relevant and up-to-date international empirical studies, which are made in the aforementioned fields. Main findings and conduisons: The usage of ICT- devices presumably results in changes in our cognitive functioning, but we can conclude from the results of the reviewed studies, that these changes are the impacts of the maladaptive use of these devices. So probably the most important issue is the acquirement of adequate habits in the filed of ICT-usage to moderate the ICT-devices' negative effects on our cognitive functioning, and to maximize the benefits of these devices.The maladaptive, problematic use of ICT-devices is in relationship with some personality traits, with impulsivity (impatience, low self-control, lack of persistence), with disinhibition, boredom susceptibility, and external locus of control. At the same time the direction of casuality is questionable, so we don't know, if problematic ICT-usage causes these changes in our personality, or conversely; people with these personality traits susceptible more to problematic ICT-usage? If we want to answer this question, we need more randomized controlled studies in this field. Therefore it is important to examine the methodology of the empirical studies which are appeared in this paper, in order to make accurate conclusions about them.

scholarly journals A research on factors affecting the academic performance of freshman and sophomore at Hufi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong Pham Thuy Vy
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Training Performance ◽  
Student Efficacy ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to look into the various factors that influence the academic performance of freshmen and sophomores at Hufi University in Ho Chi Minh City. This study's participants were professors (30 males &amp; 44 females). Using a questionnaire, a study was performed to collect information on various variables related to student academic success. The results of the annual assessment of their students measured academic success. According to the findings of the research, there is a close association between undergraduate and learning outcomes. However, there is little research on the relationship between psychological facets of the student body and academic success in Vietnam at the moment. Meanwhile, research into this partnership would aid HuFi University in further understanding the fundamental problems in student psychology, al-lowing it to develop the requisite activation plans to improve student efficacy as well as the school's training performance. With nearly 54,000 students, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry is the largest main school in the South. With the student's latest academic performance being just average, students ranked the lowest in terms of putting their newly acquired experience and skills into work. This demonstrates that the school does not properly match the expertise and skills students learn with what life requires of them, resulting in human capital that is incapable of fulfilling potential socioeconomic growth criteria. A period of global economic integration, As a result, to contribute to the university's improvement as a school with a long tradition of experience.

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