Combinations of alcohol-induced flushing with genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and the risk of alcohol dependence in Japanese men and women

Objective The risk of alcohol dependence (AD) in Japanese men and women was evaluated according to combinations of alcohol flushing and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2, rs671) and alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B, rs1229984) genotypes, all of which are known to determine AD susceptibility in Asians. Previous studies have focused on men, since women account for a smaller proportion of AD subjects. Methods Case control studies were conducted between 3721 male and 335 female AD Japanese and 610 male and 406 female controls who were asked about their current or former tendency to experience facial flushing after drinking a glass of beer and underwent ALDH2 and ADH1B genotyping. The time at which alcohol-induced facial flushing tendencies had disappeared in former-flushing AD subjects was also evaluated. Results Current alcohol flushing, the inactive ALDH2*1/*2 genotype, and the fast-metabolizing ADH1B*2 allele were less frequently found in the AD groups. Although alcohol flushing was strongly influenced by the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes, multiple logistic model showed that never or former flushing and the genotype combinations were independent strong risk factors of AD in men and women. Never or former flushing (vs. current flushing) markedly increased the odds ratios of AD in carriers of each of the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotype combinations. The temporal profiles for drinking and flushing in former-flushing AD subjects revealed that the flushing response disappeared soon after or before the start of habitual drinking during young adulthood, regardless of the ALDH2 genotype. Conclusion Although alcohol flushing is influenced by the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes, constitutional or acquired flushing tolerance is an independent susceptibility trait for AD. The combination of the alcohol flushing status and the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes can provide a better new strategy for AD risk assessment than the alcohol flushing status alone or the genotypes alone in Asian men and women.

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Group Differences Among East, South, and Southeast Asian Men and Women in Body Image

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e705612011-001 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Alefiyah Z. Pishori ◽

Michelle Williams ◽

Bede Agocha ◽

Seth J. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Group Differences ◽

Men And Women ◽

Asian Men

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Physiologically decreased F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the lower vertebrae associated with daily drinking habit in Japanese men with alcohol flushing reaction

Alcohol ◽

10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.03.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chio Okuyama ◽

Tatsuya Higashi ◽

Koichi Ishizu ◽

Masaaki Takahashi ◽

Kuninori Kusano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Japanese Men ◽

Drinking Habit ◽

Alcohol Flushing

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Drinking Water Arsenic and Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Men and Women: A Systematic PRISMA Review

Water ◽

10.3390/w13141885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 1885

Author(s):

Ida M. Barsøe ◽

Ninna H. Ebdrup ◽

Hannah S. Clausen ◽

Julie Lyngsø ◽

Jörg Schullehner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Spontaneous Abortion ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Arsenic Exposure ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Reproductive Outcomes ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Time To Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women

Infertility is a worldwide health issue, but mechanisms of both male and female reproductive toxicity remain to be elucidated. So far, a limited focus has been on potentially harmful environmental factors such as arsenic, which is naturally occurring in groundwater. The objective of this review was to systematically investigate the association between arsenic in drinking water and adverse reproductive outcomes in men and women of fertile age. We conducted a systematic literature search and included case-control studies and cohort studies reporting on decreased semen quality characteristics, increased time to pregnancy, infertility, or spontaneous abortion. In total, 433 articles were screened and ultimately, eight studies were included. Included literature was quality assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Findings were reported in a narrative synthesis. Only one study investigated male fertility. An association between increasing arsenic exposure and decreasing semen quality characteristics was found, as well as an indication of arsenic accumulation in seminal plasma. These findings are, however, at high arsenic levels (>1000 µg/L). No consistent evidence was found to support the hypothesis that arsenic exposure from drinking water is a cause of longer waiting time to pregnancy or spontaneous abortion, being the only endpoints investigated in the included literature. In conclusion; the evidence is sparse and of varying quality, however, it does warrant attention, as it conflicts with existing evidence, mainly from cross-sectional or ecologic studies.

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