Persisting symptoms three to eight months after non-hospitalized COVID-19, a prospective cohort study

Long-COVID-19 is a proposed syndrome negatively affecting the health of COVID-19 patients. We present data on self-rated health three to eight months after laboratory confirmed COVID-19 disease compared to a control group of SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. We followed a cohort of 8786 non-hospitalized patients who were invited after SARS-CoV-2 testing between February 1 and April 15, 2020 (794 positive, 7229 negative). Participants answered online surveys at baseline and follow-up including questions on demographics, symptoms, risk factors for SARS-CoV-2, and self-rated health compared to one year ago. Determinants for a worsening of self-rated health as compared to one year ago among the SARS-CoV-2 positive group were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and also compared to the population norm. The follow-up questionnaire was completed by 85% of the SARS-CoV-2 positive and 75% of the SARS-CoV-2 negative participants on average 132 days after the SARS-CoV-2 test. At follow-up, 36% of the SARS-CoV-2 positive participants rated their health “somewhat” or “much” worse than one year ago. In contrast, 18% of the SARS-CoV-2 negative participants reported a similar deterioration of health while the population norm is 12%. Sore throat and cough were more frequently reported by the control group at follow-up. Neither gender nor follow-up time was associated with the multivariate odds of worsening of self-reported health compared to one year ago. Age had an inverted-U formed association with a worsening of health while being fit and being a health professional were associated with lower multivariate odds. A significant proportion of non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, regardless of age, have not returned to their usual health three to eight months after infection.

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RELATED FACTORS TO RELAPSE IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS AFTER COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY DURING ONE YEAR PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2011.5.2 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Nhu Minh Hang Tran ◽

Huu Cat Nguyen ◽

Dang Doanh Nguyen ◽

Van Luong Ngo ◽

Vu Hoang Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Relapse Rate ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Related Factors ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

One Year

Objectives: To determine factors impact on the relapse in depressed patients treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) during one year follow-up. Materials and Methods: 80 depressed patients divided into two groups, group 1: included 40 patients treated with CBT; group 2: 40 patients on amitriptyline. Non-randomized controlled clinical trial, opened, longiditual and prospective research. Results and Conclusions: relapse rate after CBT during 1 year follow-up is 10% (compared to 25% in control group), related factors to relapse rate in depression after CBT are age and education. Shared predictors between 2 groups are severity and recurrence of depression. Key words: Depression, relapse, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

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Effects of a psychosocial intervention at one-year follow-up in a PREDIMED-plus sample with obesity and metabolic syndrome

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88298-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Núria Mallorquí-Bagué ◽

María Lozano-Madrid ◽

Cristina Vintró-Alcaraz ◽

Laura Forcano ◽

Andrés Díaz-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Psychosocial Support ◽

Food Addiction ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Lifestyle Recommendations ◽

One Year ◽

Mediational Role

AbstractThis study examines if overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms, and if these variables could be modified after 1 year of a multimodal intervention (diet, physical activity, psychosocial support). 342 adults (55–75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus Cognition study were randomized to the intervention or to the control group (lifestyle recommendations). Cognitive and psychopathological assessments were performed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. At baseline, higher impulsivity was linked to higher food addiction and depressive symptoms, but not to body mass index (BMI). Food addiction not only predicted higher BMI and depressive symptoms, but also achieved a mediational role between impulsivity and BMI/depressive symptoms. After 1 year, patients in both groups reported significant decreases in BMI, food addiction and impulsivity. BMI reduction and impulsivity improvements were higher in the intervention group. Higher BMI decrease was achieved in individuals with lower impulsivity. Higher scores in food addiction were also related to greater post-treatment impulsivity. To conclude, overweight/obesity are related to higher impulsivity, food addiction and depressive symptoms in mid/old age individuals with MetS. Our results also highlight the modifiable nature of the studied variables and the interest of promoting multimodal interventions within this population.

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Use of Trained Mothers to Teach Interviewing Skills to First-Year Medical Students: A Follow-up Study

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.60.2.165 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 165-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paula L. Stillman ◽

Darrell L. Sabers ◽

Doris L. Redfield

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Feedback Session ◽

Optimal Learning ◽

Interviewing Skills ◽

One Year ◽

First Year Medical Students

This report describes an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of "trained mother" interviews early in the medical school curriculum. As an adjunct to a first-year course that teaches interviewing techniques, half of the students were exposed to an interview with one of three trained mothers early in the course. This treatment interview was immediately followed by a feedback session which concentrated on the content and process of interviewing. At the end of the course, all students had an evaluative interview. Those students who had an initial interview and feedback session with a trained mother scored significantly higher on both the content and process of their interviews than the control group. This technique is an effective and efficient way to teach interviewing skills to medical students prior to entering any of their clinical clerkships. A follow-up assessment conducted one year later indicated that one interview with a trained mother is sufficient for optimal learning and that the skills learned are retained over at least that period of time.

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One-Year Follow-Up of Healthy Older Adults with Electroencephalographic Risk for Neurocognitive Disorder After Neurofeedback Training

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-215538 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Graciela C. Alatorre-Cruz ◽

Thalía Fernández ◽

Susana A. Castro-Chavira ◽

Mauricio González-López ◽

Sergio M. Sánchez-Moguel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Theta Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Global Changes ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Improvement ◽

One Year ◽

Experimental Group

Background: In healthy older adults, excess theta activity is an electroencephalographic (EEG) predictor of cognitive impairment. In a previous study, neurofeedback (NFB) treatment reinforcing reductions theta activity resulted in EEG reorganization and cognitive improvement. Objective: To explore the clinical applicability of this NFB treatment, the present study performed a 1-year follow-up to determine its lasting effects. Methods: Twenty seniors with excessive theta activity in their EEG were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group received an auditory reward when the theta absolute power (AP) was reduced. The control group received the reward randomly. Results: Both groups showed a significant decrease in theta activity at the training electrode. However, the EEG results showed that only the experimental group underwent global changes after treatment. These changes consisted of delta and theta decreases and beta increases. Although no changes were found in any group during the period between the posttreatment evaluation and follow-up, more pronounced theta decreases and beta increases were observed in the experimental group when the follow-up and pretreatment measures were compared. Executive functions showed a tendency to improve two months after treatment which became significant one year later. Conclusion: These results suggest that the EEG and behavioral benefits of this NFB treatment persist for at least one year, which adds up to the available evidence contributing to identifying factors that increase its efficacy level. The relevance of this study lies in its prophylactic features of addressing a clinically healthy population with EEG risk of cognitive decline.

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Meniscus Repair Outcomes with and without Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967119s00283 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽

pp. 2325967119S0028 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patrick Allan Massey ◽

Andrew Zhang ◽

Christine Bayt Stairs ◽

Stephen Hoge ◽

Trevor Carroll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽

Meniscus Repair ◽

Control Group ◽

Pain Level ◽

Average Pain ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year ◽

The One

Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to review the results of meniscus repairs with and without bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC). It is hypothesized that with BMAC, meniscus repair outcomes will be improved when compared to without BMAC at 1 year after surgery. Methods: This is a prospective case control study performed from August 2014 until August 2017. Patients were included if they had a meniscus repair performed with no history of prior meniscus surgery to the operative knee. Patients were excluded if there was a full thickness cartilage tear or International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Grade IV cartilage tear not treated in a single staged surgery. Patients were also excluded if they did not reach the one year follow-up, had a multi-ligamentous knee injury requiring multiple staged procedures. From August 2014 until November 2015, patients had meniscus repair without BMA. Menisci were all repaired arthroscopically using inside-out, outside-in and all-inside techniques. After November 2015, all meniscus repairs were augmented with BMAC. In the BMAC group, all bone marrow was obtained from the ipsilateral femur during the time of surgery. The Biocue BMAC system (Zimmer Biomet, Warsaw Indiana) was used for bone marrow aspiration and BMAC was injected directly into the tear site after repair. Numerical data such as VAS, lysholm and IKDC was analyzed using a 2 sample T-test. Categorical data such as sex, tear location, type of tear and zone of tear were analyzed using a chi-square. Results: A total of 150 patients were initially included in the study. The average age in the control group was 26.3 versus 29.4 in the BMAC group (P=0.27). Thirty seven percent of the control group had an ACL reconstruction versus 40% in the BMAC group (P= .77). The control group improved from an average pain level of 6.1 to 1.2 and the BMAC group improved from an average pain level of 5.9 to 0.7 at the 1 year end point. Both the control group and BMAC group improved with respect to pain with no difference at the 1 year end point (P=.19). There was, however a significantly larger reduction in pain at the 6 week and 3 month time point with BMAC compared to the control group (P=.02 and P=.02 respectively). At the 1-year follow-up, the mean lysholm score improved from 43 to 92 in the control group and 43 to 90 in the BMAC group. The mean IKDC score improved from 37 to 87 in the control group and 36 to 83 in the BMAC group at the one year follow-up. Conclusion: Meniscus repair outcomes were improved at 6 weeks and 3 months post-operatively, when BMAC is used to augment meniscus repair compared to repair without BMAC. Both groups, control group and BMAC meniscus repair group had improved outcomes at 1 year post-operatively with respect to VAS, lysholm and IKDC, with no difference in complication rate.

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P092: Combatting sedentary lifestyles; can exercise prescriptions in the emergency department lead to a behavioural change in patients?

CJEM ◽

10.1017/cem.2018.290 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (S1) ◽

pp. S89-S89

Author(s):

D. Lewis ◽

K. Leech-Porter ◽

F. Milne ◽

J. Fraser ◽

S. Hull ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Exercise Prescription ◽

Behavioural Change ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Routine Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Hoc

Introduction: Patients with chronic diseases are known to benefit from exercise. Such patients often visit the emergency department (ED). There are few studies examining prescribing exercise in the ED. We wished to study if exercise prescription in the ED is feasible and effective. Methods: In this pilot prospective block randomized trial, patients in the control group received routine care, whereas the intervention group received a combined written and verbal prescription for moderate exercise (150 minutes/week). Both groups were followed up by phone at 2 months. The primary outcome was achieving 150 min of exercise per week. Secondary outcomes included change in exercise, and differences in reported median weekly exercise. Comparisons were made by Mann-Whitney and Fishers tests (GraphPad). Results: Follow-up was completed for 22 patients (11 Control; 11 Intervention). Baseline reported median (with IQR) weekly exercise was similar between groups; Control 0(0-0)min; Intervention 0(0-45)min. There was no difference between groups for the primary outcome of 150 min/week at 2 months (Control 3/11; Intervention 4/11, RR 1.33 (95%CI 0.38-4.6;p=1.0). There was a significant increase in median exercise from baseline in both groups, but no difference between the groups (Control 75(10-225)min; Intervention 120(52.5-150)min;NS). 3 control patients actually received exercise prescription as part of routine care. A post-hoc comparison of patients receiving intervention vs. no intervention, revealed an increase in patients meeting the primary target of 150min/week (No intervention 0/8; Intervention 7/14, RR 2.0 (95%CI 1.2-3.4);p=0.023). Conclusion: Recruitment was feasible, however our study was underpowered to quantify an estimated effect size. As a significant proportion of the control group received the intervention (as part of standard care), any potential measurable effect was diluted. The improvement seen in patients receiving intervention and the increase in reported exercise in both groups (possible Hawthorne effect) suggests that exercise prescription for ED patients may be beneficial.

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Depression risk in patients with heart failure in primary care practices in Germany

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610216000867 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (11) ◽

pp. 1889-1894

Author(s):

Marcel Konrad ◽

Jens Bohlken ◽

Michael A Rapp ◽

Karel Kostev

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Primary Care ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Control Group ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Study Population ◽

Care Practices ◽

One Year ◽

Primary Care Practices

ABSTRACTBackground:The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for diagnosed depression in heart failure (HF) patients in German primary care practices.Methods:This study was a retrospective database analysis in Germany utilizing the Disease Analyzer® Database (IMS Health, Germany). The study population included 132,994 patients between 40 and 90 years of age from 1,072 primary care practices. The observation period was between 2004 and 2013. Follow-up lasted up to five years and ended in April 2015. A total of 66,497 HF patients were selected after applying exclusion criteria. The same number of 66,497 controls were chosen and were matched (1:1) to HF patients on the basis of age, sex, health insurance, depression diagnosis in the past, and follow-up duration after index date.Results:HF was a strong risk factor for diagnosed depression (p < 0.0001). A total of 10.5% of HF patients and 6.3% of matched controls developed depression after one year of follow-up (p < 0.001). Depression was documented in 28.9% of the HF group and 18.2% of the control group after the five-year follow-up (p < 0.001). Cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, stroke, and osteoarthritis were associated with a higher risk of developing depression. Male gender and private health insurance were associated with lower risk of depression.Conclusions:The risk of diagnosed depression is significantly increased in patients with HF compared to patients without HF in primary care practices in Germany.

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“Camminando e Leggendo ... Ricordo” (Walking and Reading ... I Remember): Prevention of Frailty Through the Promotion of Physical Activity and Reading in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Results from the TREDEM Registry

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-200542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 689-699

Author(s):

Maurizio Gallucci ◽

Anna Paola Mazzarolo ◽

Lucia Focella ◽

Cinzia Piovesan ◽

Manuela Mazzetto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Older People ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Active Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Frailty Status ◽

One Year

Background: Frailty is a condition of increased vulnerability to exogenous and endogenous stressors, which is correlated with aging, functional decline, institutionalization, hospitalization, and mortality. Given the multifaceted nature of frailty, programs aimed at its prevention are recommended to act on multiple domains. Objective: The present intervention program aimed at assessing the effects of combined physical and cognitive training in older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and at investigating how their frailty status changed over one year of follow-up. Methods: Two-hundred and seven participants were recruited among outpatients of the Cognitive Impairment Center who agreed to receive a comprehensive assessment. Forty-six participants, who joined a structured program of physical activity and group readings for a period of one year, were defined as active. The remaining 161, who decided not to engage in those activities, were considered controls. In both groups, frailty status was assessed at baseline and over one year of follow-up. Results: Control participants showed twice the risk of becoming frail at 12 months compared with those in the active group. Participants in the active group had more than three times the probability of improving their frailty status compared with the control group from T0 to T12. Age and NPI scores were significantly associated with worsening frailty status. When analyses were restricted to participants who were robust at baseline, the frailty status varied significantly between groups over time. Conclusion: Findings of the present study confirm the beneficial effects of physical activity and reading to prevent frailty in older people with MCI.

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Can the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Be Delayed by a Group-Based Lifestyle Intervention in Women with Prediabetes following Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)? Findings from a Randomized Control Mixed Methods Trial

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2015/798460 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Angela O’Dea ◽

Marie Tierney ◽

Brian E. McGuire ◽

John Newell ◽

Liam G. Glynn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Control Group ◽

One Year

Objective. To evaluate a 12-week group-based lifestyle intervention programme for women with prediabetes following gestational diabetes (GDM).Design. A two-group, mixed methods randomized controlled trial in which 50 women with a history of GDM and abnormal glucose tolerance postpartum were randomly assigned to intervention (n=24) or wait control (n=26) and postintervention qualitative interviews with participants.Main Outcome Measures. Modifiable biochemical, anthropometric, behavioural, and psychosocial risk factors associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome variable was the change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) from study entry to one-year follow-up.Results. At one-year follow-up, the intervention group showed significant improvements over the wait control group on stress, diet self-efficacy, and quality of life. There was no evidence of an effect of the intervention on measures of biochemistry or anthropometry; the effect on one health behaviour, diet adherence, was close to significance.Conclusions. Prevention programmes must tackle the barriers to participation faced by this population; home-based interventions should be investigated. Strategies for promoting long-term health self-management need to be developed and tested.

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Risk, Recidivism, and (Re)habilitation

The Prison Journal ◽

10.1177/0032885512438870 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 203-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

James A. Wilson ◽

Christine Zozula

Keyword(s):

Research Design ◽

Risk Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Rigorous Research ◽

Program Effects ◽

One Year ◽

Release From Prison

Project Greenlight (GL) was an innovative and intensive prison-based intervention delivered to inmates during the 8-week period immediately prior to their release from prison. Using a relatively rigorous research design, evaluators reported significant negative effects associated with the treatment at one year after release. We reassess the GL intervention over a longer follow-up period and focus on differences by risk level. Findings indicate that although the bulk of the negative effects dissipate compared with one control group, significant negative effects remain when compared with a second. More importantly, however, we find that program effects are differentially distributed by risk level in a counterintuitive direction.

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