scholarly journals A 6-CpG validated methylation risk score model for metabolic syndrome: The HyperGEN and GOLDN studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259836
Author(s):  
Bertha A. Hidalgo ◽  
Bre Minniefield ◽  
Amit Patki ◽  
Rikki Tanner ◽  
Minoo Bagheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
European Populations

There has been great interest in genetic risk prediction using risk scores in recent years, however, the utility of scores developed in European populations and later applied to non-European populations has not been successful. The goal of this study was to create a methylation risk score (MRS) for metabolic syndrome (MetS), demonstrating the utility of MRS across race groups using cross-sectional data from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN, N = 614 African Americans (AA)) and the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN, N = 995 European Americans (EA)). To demonstrate this, we first selected cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpG) sites measured on Illumina Methyl450 arrays previously reported to be significantly associated with MetS and/or component conditions in more than one race/ethnic group (CPT1A cg00574958, PHOSPHO1 cg02650017, ABCG1 cg06500161, SREBF1 cg11024682, SOCS3 cg18181703, TXNIP cg19693031). Second, we calculated the parameter estimates for the 6 CpGs in the HyperGEN data (AA) and used the beta estimates as weights to construct a MRS in HyperGEN (AA), which was validated in GOLDN (EA). We performed association analyses using logistic mixed models to test the association between the MRS and MetS, adjusting for covariates. Results showed the MRS was significantly associated with MetS in both populations. In summary, a MRS for MetS was a strong predictor for the condition across two race groups, suggesting MRS may be useful to examine metabolic disease risk or related complications across race/ethnic groups.

scholarly journals A 6-CpG Validated Methylation Risk Score Model for Metabolic Syndrome: The HyperGEN and GOLDN Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertha A Hidalgo ◽  
Bre A Minniefield ◽  
Amit Patki ◽  
Rikki Tanner ◽  
Minoo Bagheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
European Populations

There has been great interest in genetic risk prediction using risk scores in recent years, however, the utility of scores developed in European populations and later applied to non-European populations has not been successful. In this study, we used cross-sectional data from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN, N=614 African Americans (AA)) and the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN, N=995 European Americans (EA)), to create a methylation risk score (MRS) for metabolic syndrome (MetS), demonstrating the utility of MRS across race groups. To demonstrate this, we first selected cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpG) sites measured on Illumina Methyl450 arrays previously reported to be significantly associated with MetS and/or component conditions (CPT1A cg00574958, PHOSPHO1 cg02650017, ABCG1 cg06500161, SREBF1 cg11024682, SOCS3 cg18181703, TXNIP cg19693031). Second, we calculated the parameter estimates for the 6 CpGs in the HyperGEN data and used the beta estimates as weights to construct a MRS in HyperGEN, which was validated in GOLDN. We performed association analyses using a logistic mixed model to test the association between the MRS and MetS adjusting for covariates. Results showed the MRS was significantly associated with MetS in both populations. In summary, a MRS for MetS was a strong predictor for the condition across two ethnic groups suggesting MRS may be useful to examine metabolic disease risk or related complications across ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Tipe tubuh (somatotype) dengan sindrom metabolik pada wanita dewasa non-obesitas usia 25 – 40 tahun

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Betsi Kusumaningnastiti ◽  
Enny Probosari ◽  
Fillah Fithra Dieny ◽  
Deny Yudi Fitranti
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Obese Woman ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

Body type (somatotype) with metabolic syndrome among non-obese woman aged 25-40 years oldBackground: The prevalence of central obesity was found high in women, not only in obese individuals but also occur in non-obese individuals or metabolically obese normal weight (MONW). Endomorph marked by higher fat mass, which will lead to metabolic disorders.Objective: This study aimed to describe the correlation of somatotype with metabolic syndrome in a non-obese woman.Methods: Cross-sectional observational study, subjects were selected using purposive sampling involving 46 women 25-40 years old with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 in several offices in the City of Semarang, consist of Balai Besar Teknologi Pencegahan dan Pencemaran Industri, Dinas Pekerjaan Umum, and Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Central Java. Somatotype data is measured in three components, namely endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. The resulting value of each component is calculated using the Heath-Carter formula. Triglycerides, HDL, and fasting blood glucose measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods. Blood pressure measured by aneroid sphygmomanometer. Syndrome metabolic was defined as metabolic syndrome risk score (cMetS). Data were analyzed by Rank Spearman and Pearson.Results: The subject's body type is endomorph as much as 91.3% and ectomorph-endomorph (8.7%). Central obesity (50%), low HDL levels (28%), hypertriglyceridemia (2%), normal GDP levels (100%), hypertension (15%), metabolic syndrome (13%), and metabolic pre-syndromes (47, 8%) found in the subject of this study. There were correlation between endomorph (p=0.005; r=0.4) and ectomorph (p=0.000; r=-0.53) with waist circumference. There was a significant correlation between endomorph with metabolic syndrome risk score (p=0.05; r=0.129).Conclusions: Endomorph was associated with a metabolic syndrome risk score. Higher endomorph tends to have higher metabolic syndrome risk scores.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Cardiovascular Risk Scores and Several Markers of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in an Asymptomatic Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 955
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Mitu ◽  
Adrian Crisan ◽  
Simon Redwood ◽  
Ioan-Elian Cazacu-Davidescu ◽  
Ivona Mitu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Background: The current cardiovascular disease (CVD) primary prevention guidelines prioritize risk stratification by using clinical risk scores. However, subclinical atherosclerosis may rest long term undetected. This study aimed to evaluate multiple subclinical atherosclerosis parameters in relation to several CV risk scores in asymptomatic individuals. Methods: A cross-sectional, single-center study included 120 asymptomatic CVD subjects. Four CVD risk scores were computed: SCORE, Framingham, QRISK, and PROCAM. Subclinical atherosclerosis has been determined by carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic and brachial augmentation indexes (AIXAo, respectively AIXbr), aortic systolic blood pressure (SBPao), and ankle-brachial index (ABI). Results: The mean age was 52.01 ± 10.73 years. For cIMT—SCORE was more sensitive; for PWV—Framingham score was more sensitive; for AIXbr—QRISK and PROCAM were more sensitive while for AIXao—QRISK presented better results. As for SBPao—SCORE presented more sensitive results. However, ABI did not correlate with any CVD risk score. Conclusions: All four CV risk scores are associated with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic population, except for ABI, with specific particularities for each CVD risk score. Moreover, we propose specific cut-off values of CV risk scores that may indicate the need for subclinical atherosclerosis assessment.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Novel Dementia Risk Score in the UK Biobank Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melis Anatürk ◽  
Raihaan Patel ◽  
Georgios Georgiopoulos ◽  
Danielle Newby ◽  
Anya Topiwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

INTRODUCTION: Current prognostic models of dementia have had limited success in consistently identifying at-risk individuals. We aimed to develop and validate a novel dementia risk score (DRS) using the UK Biobank cohort.METHODS: After randomly dividing the sample into a training (n=166,487, 80%) and test set (n=41,621, 20%), logistic LASSO regression and standard logistic regression were used to develop the UKB-DRS.RESULTS: The score consisted of age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E4 genotype, a history of diabetes, stroke, and depression, and a family history of dementia. The UKB-DRS had good-to-strong discrimination accuracy in the UKB hold-out sample (AUC [95%CI]=0.79 [0.77, 0.82]) and in an external dataset (Whitehall II cohort, AUC [95%CI]=0.83 [0.79,0.87]). The UKB-DRS also significantly outperformed four published risk scores (i.e., Australian National University Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI), Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia score (CAIDE), Dementia Risk Score (DRS), and the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS) across both test sets.CONCLUSION: The UKB-DRS represents a novel easy-to-use tool that could be used for routine care or targeted selection of at-risk individuals into clinical trials.

Abstract 15997: Pooled Cohort Risk Equations: A Comparison of Their Predictions With Five Other Cardiovascular Risk Scores in Five Peruvian Sites

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Bazo-Alvarez ◽  
Frank Peralta-Alvarez ◽  
Renato Quispe ◽  
Julio Poterico ◽  
Giancarlo Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
World Health ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Predicted Risk

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores are used to estimate an individual’s risk of developing a disease or death from a cardiovascular event. Recently, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) introduced the Pooled Cohort risk equations (ACC/AHA model). It is important to know how comparable CVD risk predictions are in low-middle income countries (LMIC). Hypothesis: ACC/AHA model has a poor concordance with any other CVD risk score. Methods: We used secondary data from two Peruvian, age and sex-matched, population-based studies across five geographical sites. The ACC/AHA model was compared to five other CVD risk prediction tools: two versions of the Framingham Risk Score (FRS-Lipids and FRS-BMI), Reynolds Risk Score (RRS), four versions of the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE 1-4), World Health Organization risk chart (WHO), and Lancet Chronic Disease risk chart (LCD). We calculated predicted risk as a continuous variable and used Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). We also compared the high predicted risk prevalence between all the scores using the cut-off levels suggested by each score’s guidelines. Results: We included 2183 subjects in the risk scores age range of 45-65 years (mean age 54.3 (SD±5.6) years). CCC agreement values found in this study were generally poor. The highest concordance was observed between the ACC/AHA model and the risk scores derived from the Framingham Study (40% with FRS-BMI and 44% with FRS-Lipids). ACC/AHA model depicted the highest proportion of people with predicted high-risk of 10-year CVD, at 29.0% (95%CI 26.9-31.0%) and the same tendency was observed in all study sites. Conclusions: In Peruvian population-based samples, agreement between ACC/AHA model and five other CVD risk scores was generally poor. There is an urgent need to use an appropriate risk score for CVD in LMIC. In an ideal scenario, it would be significant to have a proper CVD risk score for LMIC.

Comparing the validity of continuous metabolic syndrome risk scores for predicting pediatric metabolic syndrome: the CASPIAN-V study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehri Khoshhali ◽  
Ramin Heshmat ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Hasan Ziaodini ◽  
Mahdi Hadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Iranian Children

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the validity of various approaches to pediatric continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) scores including siMS scores (2 waist/height + fasting blood glucose [FBG]/5.6 + triglycerides [TG]/1.7 + systolic blood pressure [BP]/130 + high-density lipoprotein [HDL]/1.02), Z-scores, principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted on 4200 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. The cMetS was computed using data on HDL, cholesterol, TGs, FBG, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and waist circumference (WC). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to compare the performances of different cMetS scores. Results Data of 3843 participants (52.4% boys) were available for the current study. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 12.6 (3) and 12.3 (3.1) years for boys and girls, respectively. The differences in AUC values of cMetS scores were significant based on the Delong method. The AUCs (95% confidence interval [CI]) were for Z-scores, 0.94 (0.93, 0.95); first PCA, 0.91 (0.89, 0.93); sum PCA, 0.90 (0.88, 0.92), CFA, 0.79 (0.76, 0.3) and also for siMS scores 1 to 3 as 0.93 (0.91, 0.94), 0.92 (0.90, 0.93), and 0.91 (0.90, 0.93), respectively. Conclusions The results of our study indicated that the validity of all approaches for cMetS scores for predicting MetS was high. Given that the siMS scores are simple and practical, it might be used in clinical and research practice.

scholarly journals Orlistat and cardiovascular risk profile in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome: the ARCOS study

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Zanella ◽  
Marcelo Hiroshi Uehara ◽  
Artur Beltrame Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Bertolami ◽  
Ana Claudia Falsetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The Impact

Weight loss improves metabolic abnormalities and reduces cardiovascular risk in obese hypertensive patients. To evaluate the impact of a sustained weight loss on coronary risk, 181 hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome underwent to orlistat therapy, 120 mg, t.i.d., plus diet for 36 weeks. During therapy, Framingham risk scores (FRS) were calculated for determination of coronary heart disease risk in ten years. Body mass index decreased from 35.0 ± 4.2 to 32.6 ± 4.5 kg/m² (p< 0.0001) and waist circumference from 108.1 ± 10.1 to 100.5 ± 11.1 cm (p< 0.0001), at the end of the study period (week 36). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed reductions after the two first weeks, which were maintained up to the end of the study. A clear shift to the left in FRS distribution curve occurred at the end of the study, compared to baseline, indicating a reduction in coronary risk. Over all patients at risk, 49.2% moved to a lower risk category. A weight loss > 5% occurred in 64.6% of all patients, associated with improvement in glucose metabolism. Among those with abnormal glucose metabolism, 38 out 53 patients (71.7%) improved their glucose tolerance (p< 0.0005). In conclusion, long-term orlistat therapy helps to reduce and maintain a lower body weight, decreasing risk of coronary disease and improving glucose metabolism, thus protecting against type 2 diabetes.

Effect of soluble-viscous dietary fibre on coronary heart disease risk score across 3 population health categories: data from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-804
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vuksan ◽  
John L. Sievenpiper ◽  
Elena Jovanovski ◽  
Alexandra L. Jenkins ◽  
Allison Komishon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

We applied the Framingham risk equation in healthy, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes populations, following treatment with viscous fibre from konjac-based blend (KBB). KBB yielded reduction in estimated risk score by 16% (1.04 ± 0.03 vs. 0.87 ± 0.04, p < 0.01) in type 2 diabetes, 24% (1.08 ± 0.01 vs. 0.82 ± 0.02, p < 0.01) in metabolic syndrome, and 25% (1.09 ± 0.05 vs. 0.82 ± 0.06, p < 0.01) in healthy individuals. Drivers for decreased risk were improvements in blood cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. The composite coronary heart disease risk across populations was reduced 22% (p < 0.01). Novelty Viscous fibre from konjac-xanthan reduced 10-year relative coronary heart disease using Framingham Risk Score across the glycemic status spectrum.

scholarly journals Comparing non-invasive diabetes risk scores for detecting patients in clinical practice: a cross-sectional validation study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Sinéad Flynn ◽  
Seán Millar ◽  
Claire Buckley ◽  
Kate Junker ◽  
Catherine Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, thus early identification is of paramount importance. A high proportion of T2DM cases are undiagnosed highlighting the importance of effective detection methods such as non-invasive diabetes risk scores (DRSs). Thus far, no DRS has been validated in an Irish population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the ability of nine DRSs to detect T2DM cases in an Irish population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,990 men and women aged 46–73 years. Data on DRS components were collected from questionnaires and clinical examinations. T2DM was determined according to a fasting plasma glucose level ≥7.0 mmol/l or a glycated haemoglobin A1c level ≥6.5% (≥48 mmol/mol). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis assessed the ability of DRSs and their components to discriminate T2DM cases. Results: Among the examined scores, area under the curve (AUC) values ranged from 0.71–0.78, with the Cambridge Diabetes Risk Score (AUC=0.78, 95% CI: 0.75–0.82), Leicester Diabetes Risk Score (AUC=0.78, 95% CI: 0.75–0.82), Rotterdam Predictive Model 2 (AUC=0.78, 95% CI: 0.74–0.82) and the U.S. Diabetes Risk Score (AUC=0.78, 95% CI: 0.74–0.81) demonstrating the largest AUC values as continuous variables and at optimal cut-offs. Regarding individual DRS components, anthropometric measures displayed the largest AUC values. Conclusions: The best performing DRSs were broadly similar in terms of their components; all incorporated variables for age, sex, BMI, hypertension and family diabetes history. The Cambridge Diabetes Risk Score, had the largest AUC value at an optimal cut-off, can be easily accessed online for use in a clinical setting and may be the most appropriate and cost-effective method for case-finding in an Irish population.

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