scholarly journals Trade-offs between economic, environmental and social sustainability on farms using a latent class frontier efficiency model: Evidence for Spanish crop farms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261190
Author(s):  
Amer Ait Sidhoum ◽  
K. Hervé Dakpo ◽  
Laure Latruffe
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Frontier Efficiency

This article studies trade-offs of farms in terms of economic sustainability (proxied here by technical efficiency), environmental sustainability (proxied here by farmers’ commitment towards the environment) and social sustainability (proxied here by farmers’ contribution to on farm well-being and communities’ well-being). We use the latent class stochastic frontier model and create classes based on three separating variables, representing farms’ environmental sustainability and social sustainability. The application to a sample of Spanish crop farms shows that more environmentally sustainable farms are likely to have lower levels of technical efficiency. However, improvements in social concerns, both towards own farm and the larger community, may lead to improved technical efficiency levels. In general, our study provides evidence of trade-offs for farms between economic sustainability and environmental sustainability, but also between environmental sustainability and social sustainability.

Environmental and Economic Sustainability of Regional Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Balhiya Kulmesovna SHOMSHEKOVA ◽  
Saken Ualikhanovich ABDIBEKOV ◽  
Bauyrzhan Susaruly KULBAY ◽  
Aibarshyn Mamlenovna KASENOVA ◽  
Anar Satybaldinovna SADVAKASOVA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Scientific Justification ◽  
The Republic

In this study, the authors focus on the environmental and economic aspects of sustainable development at the regional level. Theoretical aspects of sustainable development of regions have been described, the main environmental problems giving rise to the formation of proposals for sustainable development have been presented, and the main systems of indicators of environmentally sustainable development have been analyzed. The analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the environment state in the Republic of Kazakhstan has been carried out and problems that impede the formation of environmentally sustainable development in the region have been identified. The directions of solving the problems of environmental sustainability of regions have been developed, providing for the construction of an organizational and economic mechanism for environmentally sustainable development, as well as improving several tools for managing sustainability. The authors attempt to fill in the existing gaps based on the materials of Kazakhstan, showing the problems of effective management of environmental sustainability based on the greening of industrial production, introduction of environmental innovations, development of the environmental culture of the population, as well as scientific justification of approaches to assessing regional environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Market Structure Conduct Performance Hypothesis Revisited Using Stochastic Frontier Efficiency Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleem Shaik ◽  
Albert J. Allen ◽  
Seanicaa Edwards ◽  
James Harris
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Efficiency Measure ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Frontier Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship

Stochastic frontier analysis, which is used to estimate technical efficiency, is extended to examine the market structure, conduct and performance hypothesis for the U.S. trucking industry. The technical efficiency measure takes into account not only the relationship between inputs used in the production of output, but it also examines the importance of market structure conduct factors to the performance of the firm. An empirical application to U.S. trucking carriers over the period 1994-2003 is examined. Results reveal that average haul, average load, debt-to-equity and market concentration significantly affected technical efficiency. Capital, fixed and variable input variables were significant in the production function equation.

scholarly journals Shaping Aquaculture Management—An Interest Tug O’ War

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8853
Author(s):  
Signe A. Sønvisen ◽  
Christian Vik
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
Aquaculture Management

(1) Background: Although Norwegian aquaculture has experienced tremendous development, environmental challenges limit opportunities for growth. To promote environmentally sustainable industry growth, a new spatial management regime was introduced: the Traffic Light System (TLS). However, with a focus on environmental sustainability and economic growth, the new regime largely ignores important factors for industry development: legitimacy and acceptance. (2) Methods: This study used qualitative methods such as interviews and document analysis. (3) Results: The results showed how aquaculture stakeholders perceive and weigh the dimensions of sustainability. Low social sustainability, owing to low content legitimacy and acceptance, places stakeholders in an interest tug o’ war. (4) Conclusions: Legitimacy and acceptance are prerequisites for industry growth, which may ultimately affect the objective of sustainable growth. In particular, a lack of legitimacy and acceptance may affect procedural legitimacy and thus the long-standing institutional setup in Norway.

scholarly journals Ecological footprint and human well-being nexus: accounting for broad-based financial development, globalization, and natural resources in the Next-11 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Prince Nathaniel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Trade Offs

AbstractThe Next-11 (N11) countries have witnessed great advancements in economic activities in the past few years. However, the simultaneous attainment of environmental sustainability and improved human well-being has remained elusive. This study probes into ecological footprint (EF) and human well-being nexus in N11 countries by applying advanced estimation techniques compatible with heterogeneity, endogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence across country groups. From the findings, human well-being, captured by the human development index, increases the EF, and EF also increases human well-being which suggests a strong trade-off between both indicators. This shows that policies that are channeled toward promoting human well-being are not in consonance with environmental wellness. Financial development and biocapacity increase the EF, while natural resources and globalization reduce it. Human well-being increases the EF in all the countries except in Egypt. This study argues that strong institutions could help mitigate the trade-offs and ease the simultaneous attainment of both environmental preservation and improved human well-being. The limitations of the study, as well as, possible directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Different Uses of Ozone: Environmental and Corporate Sustainability. Literature Review and Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Remondino ◽  
Luigi Valdenassi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents

An extensive and interdisciplinary literature review was carried out to evaluate the uses of synthetically produced ozone in many different application areas. The objective of the study was to investigate the disinfectant and purifying effectiveness of this natural compound and evaluate its use as an economically and environmentally sustainable alternative to treatments that often involve the adoption of pharmaceutical agents. Being a natural substance, the potential environmental sustainability of the use of ozone in areas such as water disinfectant; pesticide action in agriculture; and antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral actions in animal husbandry and fish farming are of interest. In addition to environmental sustainability, economic sustainability is also important for companies employing ozone in their processes. Thus, a case study was proposed that represents the use of ozone in a pilot swine farm located in Northern Italy, both as an alternative to pharmaceutical drugs for the animals and as an air and water purifier. The case study demonstrates the economic sustainability of ozone use, especially in the medium run, along with its ability to reduce animal mortality (by about 2%), as well as decrease use of pharmaceutical antibiotics.

scholarly journals Eficiencia técnica de pesquerías con heterogeneidad inobservada

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
David Castilla Espino ◽  
Juan José García del Hoyo
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Model ◽  
Production Frontier ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Production Activity

Fisheries production is subject to a significant variability caused no only by the stochastic nature of fisheries due to uncontrolled environmental and biological conditions, but also by factors related to production activity. It is necessary to take into consideration all these factors to avoid biases on production model estimates. This paper aims to go through this variability in Stochastic Frontier Analysis to account for observed and unobserved heterogeneity together with technical efficiency and randomness. This paper exemplifies the application of a Latent Class Stochastic Frontier model to the anchovy fishery of Southeastern Black Sea to account for production frontier heterogeneity. Results show a mean level of technical efficiency of 55%, which is higher than those produced by the standard stochastic frontier model. Moreover, results allow identifying two latent classes in the fleet. They also provide sound scientific advice for de management of the fishery.

scholarly journals Towards Creating a Socially Sustainable Society amid COVID- 19 Pandemic: A Gandhian Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Mishra ◽  
◽  
Anindya J Mishra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Individual

The current coronavirus pandemic has emerged as a threat to the entire humanity. It has affected society at large and has created a lot of chaos and uncertainty in the world. This has created the need to restore and establish social sustainability in the society. Social sustainability is viewed as a process for creating successful places that promote people’s well-being by understanding people’s needs and wants. Here, Gandhi’s comprehensive vision for society can be related to the sustainable development approach and the social dynamics prevailing in the society amid the pandemic. As the three pillars of sustainable development- environmental, economic, and social- are interlinked, Gandhi’s ideas and principles of value-based approach and ethical living hold good in sustainable development discourse. However, though Gandhian principles and concepts have been often viewed in environmental sustainability, it is least analyzed and understood in terms of social sustainability. Therefore, the paper tries to fill this gap by focusing on building a social aspect of sustainability amid the pandemic through Gandhian perspective. This paper analyses social sustainability in terms of (a) social equity, (b) social well-being, and (c) participation by all. In this context, his idea of “Sarvodaya” is significant as it deals with social welfare, which holds importance in current pandemic days. Apart from “Sarvodaya,” Gandhi also developed an integrated view of the individual, society, and state by focusing on social harmony based upon the moral principles- love, truth, justice, and non-violence, which hold importance even today.

scholarly journals Assessment of City Sustainability Using MCDM with Interdependent Criteria Weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingtao Yi ◽  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Danning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Iowa Operator ◽  
Assessment Results

The Capital Economic Circle is an important planning project in China. Sustainability is a key factor for the long-term development of the Capital Economic Circle. In this paper, we investigated the sustainability of 13 cities in the Capital Economic Circle using three dimensions: economy, society, and environment. The induced ordered weighted averaging (IOWA) operator was used for the aggregation of criteria data. The order-inducing variable in the IOWA operator was measure by the correlation degree of a criterion and all the other criteria. Criteria with larger order-inducing values were given more weight as they provided more support for the development of other criteria. The assessment results indicate that the sustainable development of most of the cities, except for Beijing and Tianjin, is poor, with performance values below 0.5. By comparing the development using three dimensions, it was found that poor performances of economic sustainability were the main reason for this. Additionally, all of the cities showed a sound momentum of sustainable growth even though the sustainable levels of most of the cities were not high. In terms of sustainable development across the three dimensions, the cities had the highest levels of environmental sustainability. The social sustainability of the cities, except for Beijing and Tianjin, was better than their economic sustainability. However, more than half of the cities (accounting for 53.8%) showed a decline in social sustainability, especially for Zhangjiakou, which had the highest degree of decline of 4.00%. Some suggestions have been provided on the basis of the main assessment results. For example, Beijing should invest more in education as well as further easing transportation pressure. There is room for further improvement of the social and environmental sustainability of Tianjin. The other cities should focus on developing economic sustainability as well as preventing the decline of social sustainability.

scholarly journals How efficient are German life sciences? Econometric evidence from a latent class stochastic output distance model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247437
Author(s):  
Denitsa Angelova ◽  
Maya Göser ◽  
Stefan Wimmer ◽  
Johannes Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Latent Classes ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Model ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Decision Making Unit

This article investigates the technical efficiency in German higher education while accounting for possible heterogeneity in the production technology. We investigate whether a latent class model would identify the different sub-disciplines of life sciences in a sample of biology and agricultural units based on technological differences. We fit a latent class stochastic frontier model to estimate the parameters of an output distance function formulation of the production technology to investigate if a technological separation is meaningful along sub-disciplinary lines. We apply bootstrapping techniques for model validation. Our analysis relies on evaluating a unique dataset that matches information on higher educational institutions provided by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany with the bibliometric information extracted from the ISI Web of Science Database. The estimates indicate that neglecting to account for the possible existence of latent classes leads to a biased perception of efficiency. A classification into a research-focused and teaching-focused decision-making unit improves model fit compared to the pooled stochastic frontier model. Additionally, research-focused units have a higher median technical efficiency than teaching-focused units. As the research focus is more prevalent in the biology subsample an analysis not considering the potential existence of latent classes might misleadingly give the appearance of a higher mean efficiency of biology. In fact, we find no evidence of a difference in the mean technical efficiencies for German agricultural sciences and biology using the latent class model.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DIET AND RECYCLING THERAPY FOR OLDER ADULTS’ WELL-BEING AND HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S734-S734
Author(s):  
Hsinyi Hsiao ◽  
Aaron Hagedorn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Longitudinal Effects

Abstract Due to the rapid climate change in recent years, global communities have seen an increased frequency of large-scale natural and man-made disasters. Acknowledging extravagant lifestyles and wasteful consumption of natural resources as prominent factors leading to intensified stress placed on the biosphere and ecosystems, many older adults with chronic medical conditions or disabilities in Taiwan have promoted environmental sustainability through two ways: 1) participating a recycling program in their local communities by collecting, sorting, and reclaiming reusable resources that are regenerated into eco-friendly blankets for disaster survivors and 2) practicing plant-based diet to promote healthy lifestyle and mitigate climate change. These older participants of environmentally sustainable initiatives believe the interconnectedness among humanity, the environment, and sustainable lifestyles. To understand association between the recycling therapy and older adults’ well-being a quasi-experimental design with 72 people age 60 and older (recycling group vs. non-recycling group) and photovoice were used to examine longitudinal effects of the recycling therapy on physical and mental health. To examine the effects of plant-based diet on dementia and health care cost ten-year data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Database were used by two studies to compare risk of dementia and medical expenditure between vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups among older adults in Taiwan. Four presentations in the symposium will discuss positive outcomes of environmental volunteering on older adults’ physical and mental wellness and longitudinal effects of a cohort with environmental-friendly diet on dementia risk and lower actual health care expenditures.

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