scholarly journals Influence of intensive rearing, continuous and rotational grazing systems of management on parasitic load of lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1188-1194
Author(s):  
M. S. Ram Prasad ◽  
S. Meenakshi Sundaram ◽  
P. Tensingh Gnanaraj ◽  
C. Bandeswaran ◽  
T. J. Harikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Control ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Intensive System

Aim: A trial was conducted to assess the influence of parasitic load on the lambs reared under the intensive system, continuous grazing, and rotational grazing systems of management. Materials and Methods: A total of thirty numbers of the undetermined breed of ewe lambs around 4-5 months of age were randomly selected and allotted to three treatment groups: T1 (intensive system - control), T2 (rotational grazing), and T3 (continuous grazing). The T1 group lambs were raised under a stall-fed system of management, the T2 group lambs were grazed under rotational grazing strategy in four paddocks of plot-A, while the T3 group lambs were continuously grazed in plot-B. Results: At the end of the study, there was a highly significant difference (p=0.01) in the fortnightly strongyle egg count per gram (EPG) of feces among the lambs pertaining to the three treatment groups; the lambs in T3 had a higher strongyle EPG compared to T2 lambs. With regard to the overall reduction in EPG from the initial count, lambs under rotational grazing showed the maximum decrease of 54.52% compared to lambs under T3 (continuous grazing). There was a strong positive correlation noticed between the mean temperature of the day at each fortnight and the subsequent EPG at each fortnight with R2=0.87. There was a strong positive correlation noticed between mean FAMACHA® scores and the EPG with R2=0.84, R2=0.83, and R2=0.83 for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Conclusion: The grazing management with pasture rotation should be considered as a viable option for sustainable parasitic control in case of grazing-dependent livestock husbandry in India.

scholarly journals The associated factors for radiation dose variation in cardiac CT angiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1096) ◽  
pp. 20180793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali B Alhailiy ◽  
Ernest U Ekpo ◽  
Peter L Kench ◽  
Elaine A Ryan ◽  
Patrick C Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Cardiac Ct ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Cardiac Ct Angiography ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Variation

Objective: This study aimed to examine the associated factors for dose variation and influence cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) dose benchmarks in current CT imaging centres. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to CT centres across Australia and Saudi Arabia. All participating centres collected data for adults who underwent a CCTA procedure. The questionnaire gathered information about the examination protocol, scanning parameters, patient parameters, and volume CT dose index (CTDI vol) and dose–length product (DLP). A stepwise regression analysis was performed to assess the contribution of tube voltage (kV), padding time technique, cross-sectional area (CSA) of chest and weight to DLP. Results: A total of 17 CT centres provided data for 423 CCTA examinations. The median CTDIvol, DLP and effective dose were 18 mGy, 256 mGy.cm and 5.2 mSv respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in DLP between retrospective and prospective ECG-gating modes (p = 0.001). Median DLP from CCTA using padding technique was 61% higher than CCTA without padding (p = 0.001). The stepwise regression showed that kV was the most significant predictor of DLP followed by padding technique then CSA while patient weight did not statistically significantly predict DLP. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between weight and CSA (r = 0.78), and there was a moderate positive correlation between weight and DLP (r = 0.42), as well as CSA and DLP (r = 0.48). Conclusion: Findings show radiation dose variations for CCTA. The associated factors for dose variation found in this study are scanning mode, kV, padding time technique and CSA of the chest. This results support the need to include CSA measurements in future dose survey and for setting DRLs. Advances in knowledge: The study provides baseline information that helps to understand the associated factors for dose variations and high doses within and between centres performing CCTA.

scholarly journals The response of grassland productivity, soil carbon content and soil respiration rates to different grazing regimes in a desert steppe in northern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyang Hou ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Schellenberg P. Michael ◽  
Lei Ji ◽  
Xiangjun Yun
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Soil respiration is a major process for organic carbon losses from arid ecosystems. A field experiment was conducted in 2010 and 2012 on the responses to continuous grazing, rotational grazing and no grazing on desert steppe vegetation in northern China. The growing season in 2010 was relatively dry and in 2012 was relatively wet. The results showed that mean soil respiration was the highest with no grazing in both growing seasons. Compared with no grazing, the soil respiration was decreased by 23.0% under continuous grazing and 14.1% under seasonal rotational grazing. Soil respiration increased linearly with increasing soil water gravimetric content, aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) and soil carbon and nitrogen contents across the 2 years, whereas a negative correlation was detected between soil respiration and soil temperature. A significant decrease in soil respiration was observed under both continuous grazing and in seasonal rotational grazing in the dry growing season, but no significant difference was detected in the wet growing season. In the wet year, only a non-significant difference in soil respiration was observed between different grazing types. Patterns of seasonal precipitation strongly affected the temporal changes of soil respiration as well as its response to different grazing types. The findings highlight the importance of differences in abiotic (soil temperature, soil water gravimetric content and soil carbon and nitrogen contents) and biotic (ANPP, BNPP and litter mass) factors in mediating the responses of soil respiration to the different grazing regimes.

scholarly journals Use of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as predictors and diagnostic tool of acute appendicitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Kafiah Rahed ◽  
Tariq Midhat ◽  
Noor Raheef
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 15 ◽  
Healthy Persons

The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of PCT and CRP in patients with acute appendicitis. The study was conducted in Kirkuk city for the period from January, 2018 to April, 2018 on 50 patients with acute appendicitis with age group 15-54 years. Based on the clinical signs of patients, diagnostic tests and sonar rays, the number of patients with acute appendicitis was assigned to the present study. The study also included 40 healthy persons as control group . The study included the collection of 3 ml of venous blood for identification and measurement of PCT by using ELISA technique and CRP test by using Commercial manual kits. The study also included taking of full information from cases like living situation, age . The study indicated that the maximum mean of PCT was observed in patients with acute appendicitis as compared with healthy persons (17.31±0.51 versus 6.22±0.34ng/ml) with highly significant difference between the two groups. The maximum rate of CRP +ve was observed in patients with acute appendicitis as compared with healthy persons (84% versus 10% ng/ml) with highly significant difference between the two groups. The study found that means of WBCs count and neutrophils count were significantly higher in patients with acute appendicitis as compared with healthy persons. The study showed that there was positive correlation of PCT and CRP with each of WBCs and neutrophil counts and a strong positive correlation of PCT with CRP in patients with acute appendicitis. The highest rate of patients with acute appendicitis (40%) was in the age group 15-24 years followed by the age group 25-34 years while the lowest rate was in the age group 45-54 years. It was concluded that PCT and CRP considered as in important non-invasive diagnostic tool of acute bacterial appendicitis

Therapeutic effect of traditionally prepared Mattha/ buttermilk and Chedu/ ghee residue on parasitic load and body coat of Murrah buffalo calves

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Singh ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
D. V. Singh ◽  
Aashaq Hussain Dar ◽  
Jyoti Palod
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Murrah Buffalo ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Traditionally Prepared ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Similar Weight

As per Indian system of medicine (Ayurveda), Mattha is helpful in maintaining gut health, mitigation of kappa and vata and preventing obesity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of mattha and chedu on parasitic load of Murrah calves. 1-year-old twenty growing buffalo calves with approximately similar weight were selected and divided into four groups having five animals in each group. Following treatments were offered: – T0 (control), T1 (application of Chedu on their body), T2 (Administration of Mattha @ 2% of body weight with salt @ 0.5% of Mattha), T3 (Administration of Mattha and application of Chedu). Fecal samples were collected directly from rectum or freshly voided feces in sterilized poly bags, twice a month from buffalo calves to check the internal parasitic load. Number of ticks, were counted in most heavily infested area i.e. inguinal region, brisket region, neck region, tail fold, and base of the ear after every 4 days. From 30th day to 90th day there was a significant difference observed in terms of eggs per gram (EPG) in treatment groups T2 and T3 with respect to control group indicating lower parasitic load in treated groups. Application of chedu in T1 and T3 group resulted in gradual decrease of tick load which depicts therapeutic value of chedu and combination of mathha and chedu on ticks. Also chedu treated groups showed increased lusture of body coat which is desirable in terms of aesthetic value and wellbeing of buffalo calves.

scholarly journals Is There a Relation Between Shoulder Dysfunction and Core Instability?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0017
Author(s):  
Zeynep Hazar ◽  
Naime Ulug ◽  
Inci Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Shoulder Impingement ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Shoulder Dysfunction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: Little is known about the relationship between core stability and shoulder dysfunction in shoulder impingement syndrome. The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference between healthy volunteers and patients with shoulder dysfunction in regard to core stability measures. Secondary purpose was to explore the relationship between measures of core stability and measures of shoulder dysfunction. Methods: 15 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome (mean age: 32.2±4.2 years) and 15 healthy volunteers (mean age: 33.8±6.2 years) participated in this study. Sorenson test, front plank and side bridge exercise was performed to assess anterior, lateral and posterior core endurance, respectively. Simple shoulder test (SSS) and seated medicine ball throw test was used to evaluate the functions of the shoulder joints. Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of variables between groups. Analyses of relationships between variables were examined with Spearman correlation test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between patients with shoulder impingement syndrome and healthy controls in core stability and function (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between shoulder functional test (SSS) and lateral bridge test (r= .874, p < .05). Additionally, a modest positive correlation was found between the SSS and the Sorenson test at (r= .695, p < .05), and a weak positive correlation was found between the SSS and the front plank test at (r= .365, p < .05). Conclusion: Core stability and functional deficiency was found in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. According to this study, greater shoulder dysfunction is correlated with greater stability deficiency. Therapists should consider incorporating core strengthening as an integral component of rehabilitation program in patients with shoulder dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effects of long-term cattle market conditions on continuous season-long and rotational grazing system revenues

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
J. L. Windh ◽  
J. P. Ritten ◽  
J. D. Derner ◽  
S. Paisley ◽  
B. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cattle Market

In this study we evaluated the combination of long-term market conditions and the price slide in the cattle market on revenues associated with continuous and rotational grazing systems. A price slide is a market phenomenon in which lighter cattle sell at a higher price per unit of liveweight compared with their heavier counterparts. We used actual herd average starting and ending weights in this market analysis, and analysed the outcome using five years’ data from a continuous and rotational comparative grazing study. Despite consistently lower weight gains with rotational grazing, differences in gross revenues per steer between grazing treatments ranged from US$43.46 to minus $5.72 across the study years. We observed annual differences in the net returns across years between the two grazing systems; net returns were greater for steers in the continuous grazing treatment in three of the five years, one year with net returns that did not differ between systems, and one year in which net returns were lower with continuous grazing. These variable results showcase the complexity in having both differences in end of grazing season weight classes between the grazing systems and the differential effects of price slide among weight classes. Therefore, we argue that it may be a better management strategy for land managers to determine the optimal ending weights and the time of year to market livestock to meet the goals of an operation, rather than trying to determine which grazing system is ‘best’.

scholarly journals Cardiac Biomarkers and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Asymptomatic Hemodialysis Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reneta Yovcheva Koycheva ◽  
Vasil Cholakov ◽  
Jivko Andreev ◽  
Margarit Penev ◽  
Rosen Iliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp

BACKGROUND: Cardiac biomarkers are often elevated in dialysis patients showing the presence of left ventricular dysfunction. The aim of the study is to establish the plasma levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs TnT), precursor of B-natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP) and their relation to the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients undergoing hemodialysis without signs of acute coronary syndrome or heart failure.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Were studied 48 patients - 26 men and 22 women. Pre and postdialysis levels of hs cTnT, NT-proBNP and hs CRP were measured at week interim procedure. Patients were divided in two groups according to the presence of echocardiographic evidence of LVH - gr A - 40 patients (with LVH), and gr B - 8 patients (without LVH).RESULTS: In the whole group of patients was found elevated predialysis levels of all three biomarkers with significant increase (p < 0.05) after dialysis with low-flux dialyzers. Predialysis values of NT-proBNP show moderate positive correlation with hs cTnT (r = 0.47) and weaker with hs CRP (r = 0.163). Such dependence is observed in postdialysis values of these biomarkers. There is a strong positive correlation between the pre and postdialysis levels: for hs cTnT (r = 0.966), for NT-proBNP (r = 0.918) and for hs CRP (r = 0.859). It was found a significant difference in the mean values of hs cTnT in gr. A and gr. B (0.07 ± 0.01 versus 0.03 ± 0.01 ng /mL, p < 0.05) and NT-proBNP (15,605.8 ± 2,072.5 versus 2,745.5 ± 533.55 pg /mL, p < 0.05). Not find a significant difference in hs CRP in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate the relationship of the studied cardiac biomarkers with LVH in asymptomatic patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment.

scholarly journals Correlation between Beliefs on Translation and the Use of It as an English Learning Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 196-209
Author(s):  
Mega Fariziah Nur Humairoh ◽  
Febrina Rizky Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Correlational Study ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efl Students

This current study focuses its investigation on the correlation between students’ beliefs about the use of translation as an English learning strategy and the strategic use of translation in learning English by EFL students in Indonesia. This current study is aimed 1) to investigate the correlation between students’ beliefs and the use of translation as a learning strategy 2) to examine the developmental of the use of translation as a learning strategy across different year of study. One hundred seventeen undergraduate students, consisting 67 freshmen and 50 sophomores participated in this correlational study. The data were collected by frequency of an Indonesian Version of the Inventory for Beliefs about Translation for beliefs measurement and the Inventory for Translation as a Learning Strategy. Correlation and t-test were employed in the study.  Correlation analysis reveals that a strong positive correlation between students’ beliefs about translation and their use of translation as learning strategy. T-test finds the significant difference in the use of translation as learning strategy between freshman and sophomore learner.

scholarly journals Somatic Cell Number, Physicochemical, and Microbiological Parameters of Raw Milk of Goats During the End of Lactation as Compared by Breeds and Number of Lactations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rreze M. Gecaj ◽  
Flutura C. Ajazi ◽  
Hysen Bytyqi ◽  
Blerta Mehmedi ◽  
Hazir Çadraku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microbiological Parameters

This study was aimed for the evaluation of somatic cell count (SCC), physicochemical, and microbiological parameters during the end of lactation in the raw milk of Alpine and native Red goat breed. In the experiment, 102 milk samples from Alpine and native Red goats were included. Two different groups within the same breed were analyzed: a group consisting of animals in their first lactation and the second group consisting of animals from the fifth lactation. The milk samples were individually and daily collected during late lactation for three consecutive weeks, and milk fat, protein, lactose, SCC, and total bacteria with enterobacteria were assessed. Fresh milk of goats from late lactation period had a number of somatic cells (SC) within the expected value with log10 of 5.8–6.18 cells/ml for the compared groups. In both breeds, the total mesophilic bacteria were fewer in numbers, however, in the native Red goat, a larger population of such bacteria was enumerated. The number of coliforms and enterobacteria was below 100 cfu/ml. In the current study, we were able to show a significant difference among the studied breeds depending on lactation and season for fat (p = 0.002), but not for lactose and protein content. A positive correlation for total protein (TP), lactose, and fat as well as for lactose and SCC was found in the native Red goat breed. In the Alpine goat breed, a strong positive correlation (0.821**) was found for lactose and enterobacteria count (EC). In conclusion, these findings evaluate different goat milk parameters during late lactation period and provide an indirect measure to monitor goat mammary gland health for both breeds.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fasting Capillary Glucose and Fasting Plasma Glucose as Screening Tests for Diabetes and Prediabetes among Adults in a Semi-Urban Area in the Kathmandu District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
V Silvanus ◽  
PP Kafle ◽  
A Pokhrel ◽  
B K Baral ◽  
BR Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Capillary Glucose

The natural history of type 2 diabetes includes a preceding period of impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance which is referred to as prediabetes. During the asymptomatic phase of prediabetes, an estimated 20-30% of persons may develop complications like retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, neuropathy and nephropathy. Screening and lifestyle management may help to delay or arrest progression to diabetes. In primary care settings, point of care devices that measure glucose in capillary blood can be used for diagnosis of diabetes. This study was carried out to evaluate the performance of fasting capillary glucose (FCG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) measurement in screening for diabetes and prediabetes among adults in a semi-urban community in the Kathmandu district of Nepal. An observational, cross-sectional study design was used and FCG, FPG performance was evaluated by the 2-hour plasma glucose levels (2-hr PG) following Oral glucose tolerance test (75g glucose) using WHO 1998 criteria. Linear regression was performed to assess correlation co-efficient (r) between FPG, FCG and 2 hr PG. Bland Altman plot and Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess concordance, measure ROC AUC and determine sensitivity and specificity of the measurements at recommended cut-off values for identifying diabetes and prediabetes. Among the study participants (n=162), 104 were female and 58 were male. Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes was 4.32% (95% CI 1.75% to 8.70%) and 7.14% (95% CI 3.89% to 12.58%). Strong positive correlation was seen between FPG and FCG (Spearman’s r 0.67). FPG & FCG had a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.49 & 0.45) with 2 hr PG levels (p<0.0001). FCG and FPG ROC AUC was 0.91 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.97) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.97) in comparison to 0.98 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.0) for the gold standard 2 hr PG. At 110 mg/dl and above, FCG had an optimal sensitivity and specificity of 84.21% and 81.12% in comparison to 47.37% and 100% for FPG. At 100 mg/dl, the sensitivity and specificity of FCG was 100% and 51.75% in comparison to 57.89% and 97.20% for FPG. In conclusion, at each recommended cut-off value, FCG was more sensitive than FPG with no significant difference between ROC AUCs of the two tests. Hence, FCG may be a suitable, sensitive, and convenient screening tool for diabetes and prediabetes in community-based settings. Larger prospective studies may validate the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of similar screening strategies in the Nepalese community.

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