scholarly journals Effects of ethanol extract of curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) on HER2 and caspase-3 expression in rat model mammary carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1988-1994
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah ◽  
Ekowati Handharyani ◽  
Nurliani Bermawie ◽  
Agus Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Curry Leaves

Background and Aim: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/erbB2/neu) is a prognostic factor and biomarker for detecting mammary tumor malignancy. Leaves of curry (Murraya koenigii) contain alkaloid, flavonoid, and phenolic compounds that can be cytotoxic to tumor cells. Caspase-3 is an indicator of apoptosis in tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curry leaf extract on the expression of HER2 and caspase-3 in mammary tumor through immunohistochemical analyses. Materials and Methods: Thirty five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: negative control of tumor (P1), positive control of tumor (P2), tumor therapy with methotrexate (P3), and curry leaf extract doses of 300 and 400 mg/ kg body weight/BW after tumor formation (P4, P5), and before tumor formation (P6, P7). Thirty rats of six groups were injected subcutaneously into the mammary glands with 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)-anthracene DMBA) twice within 2 weeks for mammary tumor formation. At the end of the treatments, the rats were euthanized, and their mammary glands were analyzed histopathologically and immunohistochemically using HER2 and caspase-3 antibodies. Results: Regarding the expression of HER2 detected in the epithelial cell membrane of the mammary gland, P2, P3, P4, and P5 revealed positive expression, P6 and P7 showed equivocal expression, while P1 showed negative expression. Regarding caspase-3 expression in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, it was low in P1, moderate in P2, P5, P6, and P7, and high in P3 and P4. These findings suggest that DMBA injection produced mammary tumors with HER2 as a biomarker of mammary tumor, and high caspase-3 expression in P4 was the effect of curry leaves extract. Conclusion: The extract of curry leaves at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW with preventive and curative effects can potentially be used as an anti-tumor agent, which effectively induces the apoptosis of tumor cells.

scholarly journals Potency of Murraya koenigii Leaves as Anti-Cancer Mammary in 7,12 dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) induced-Sprague Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01058
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah ◽  
Ekowati Handharyani ◽  
Nurliani Bermawie ◽  
Agus Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The purpose of the research was to study the potency of Murraya koenigii leaves extract to overcome the mammary tumor in Sprague Dawley rat. Thirty-five female rats were divided into seven groups: control (P1), tumor without therapy (P2), methotrexate group (P3), curative groups (P4 and P5) were given extract after the tumor was formed, and preventive groups (P6 and P7) were given extract before the tumor was formed with dose of 300 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The induction of mammary tumor in rats were carried out using 7,12 dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) subcutaneously. Bodyweight and tumor size were measured every week for 4 weeks. At the end of treatment, rats were euthanized and mammary glands were collected for histopathological examination. The result showed tumor size in P2 was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in other groups. On the other hand, tumor size in P4 and P6 were significantly smaller (p<0.05) compared to P5 and P7. Histopathological changes showed PMN cells, 1-3 layers of cuboid epithelial and solid collagen fibers proliferation in P2, while in P3 to P7 showed moderate collagen fibers proliferation. In conclusion, the administration of the extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg can decelerate tumor development in Sprague Dawley rat mammary gland.

scholarly journals Sulforaphane Diminishes the Formation of Mammary Tumors in Rats Exposed to 17β-Estradiol

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Dushani L. Palliyaguru ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Dionysios V. Chartoumpekis ◽  
Stacy G. Wendell ◽  
Marco Fazzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Mammary Tumorigenesis ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Serum Free Fatty Acids ◽  
17Β Estradiol

Elevated levels of estrogen are a risk factor for breast cancer. In addition to inducing DNA damage, estrogens can enhance cell proliferation as well as modulate fatty acid metabolism that collectively contributes to mammary tumorigenesis. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate derived from broccoli that is currently under evaluation in multiple clinical trials for prevention of several diseases, including cancer. Previous studies showed that SFN suppressed DNA damage and lipogenesis pathways. Therefore, we hypothesized that administering SFN to animals that are co-exposed to 17β-estradiol (E2) would prevent mammary tumor formation. In our study, 4–6 week old female August Copenhagen Irish rats were implanted with slow-release E2 pellets (3 mg x 3 times) and gavaged 3x/week with either vehicle or 100 μmol/kg SFN for 56 weeks. SFN-treated rats were protected significantly against mammary tumor formation compared to vehicle controls. Mammary glands of SFN-treated rats showed decreased DNA damage while serum free fatty acids and triglyceride species were 1.5 to 2-fold lower in SFN-treated rats. Further characterization also showed that SFN diminished expression of enzymes involved in mammary gland lipogenesis. This study indicated that SFN protects against breast cancer development through multiple potential mechanisms in a clinically relevant hormonal carcinogenesis model.

Chronic effects of atrazine on estrus and mammary tumor formation in female Sprague‐Dawley and Fischer 344 rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence T. Wetzel ◽  
Louis G. Luempert ◽  
Charles B. Breckenridge ◽  
Merrill O. Tisdel ◽  
James T. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Chronic Effects

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF STRATIFIED DOSES OF CURRY LEAF EXTRACT (MURRAYA KOENIGII) ON TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS INDUCED BY HIGH FAT FEED

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal Reynaldi ◽  
Santoso Santoso ◽  
Kusmiyati Tjahjono
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Before And After

Background: High level of total cholesterol and tryglicerides in the blood can cause atherosclerosis. Curry leaves are often used by the society to reduce total cholesterol and trygliceride levels in the blood, but no studies have examinded the effective dosage of curry leaf extract to reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels.Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of giving curry leaf extract (Murraya koenigii) on cholesterol and triglyceride levels of male Sprague-Dawley rats induced by high fat feed.Methods: This study was a true experimental study with a pre-post test with randomized control group design. The subjects of the study were male Sprague-Dawley rats induced by high fat feed for 10 days. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured by enymatic methods. Then, the data were analyzed using paired t test and for P3 group total cholesterol using the Wilcoxon test to analyze the differences in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels between before and after given the curry leaf extract, Repeated Anova test to analyzed the differences between groups which was then followed by post hoc bonferoni and One Way Anova to analyze the differences in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels between groups.Results: There was no significant differences in total cholesterol levels between before and after given the curry leaf extract at a dose of 200 mg/KgBW, 300 mg/KgBW, and 400 mg/KgBW (p= 0.641 for the P1 group, p= 0.385 for the P2 group and p= 0.398 for the P3 group). In contrast to triglyceride levels, there were differences in triglyceride levels before and after administration of curry leaf extrcat at a a dose of 300 mg/KgBW (p= 0.012), while the other groups were not significant.Conclusion: The stratified doses of curry leaf extract (Murraya koenigii) in this study could not reduce cholesterol level and triglyceride levelKeywords: Curry leaf extract; Dyslipidemia; Total Cholesterol; Triglyceride 

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kari (Murraya koenigii) dalam Memperpanjang Masa Simpan Fillet Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus sp)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-299
Author(s):  
Sahrita Yuliana ◽  
Martunis Martunis ◽  
Yuliani Aisyah
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Curry Leaves ◽  
Fish Fillets

Abstrak: Daun kari (Murraya koenigii) merupakan tanaman yang sangat populer di masyarakat,  khususnya di Aceh. Daun kari biasanya dimanfaatkan sebagai bumbu penyedap masakan khusus Aceh karena dapat memberikan aroma yang khas dan rasa yang nikmat. Daun kari (Murraya koenigii) banyak mengandung zat aktif yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan, seperti tannin, saponin, flavonoid dan minyak atsiri yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri, sehingga diharapkan dapat berfungsi menunda kecepatan terjadinya pembusukan pada ikan. Ikan tongkol (Euthynnus sp.) adalah salah satu ikan yang sangat digemari masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pola faktorial yang terdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu lama perendaman (R) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu R1 = 10 menit, R2 = 20 menit dan R3 = 30 menit. Faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu P1 = 2 jam, P2 = 4 jam, P3 = 6 jam dan P4 = 8 jam. Kombinasi perlakuan adalah 3×4 = 12 dengan menggunakan 2 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 24 satuan percobaan. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu kadar air, pH, total mikroba dan organoleptik uji deskripsi aroma, warna dan tekstur. Selain itu dilakukan analisis kadar protein yang merupakan hasil dari perlakuan terbaik terhadap fillet ikan. Hasil analisis fillet ikan tongkol menghasilkan rata-rata kadar air 60,87%, nilai pH 6,24, total mikroba 8,8 × 106 cfu/g, deskripsi aroma khas daun kari 2,59, deskripsi warna 2,71 dan deskripsi tekstur keras 2,89. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama perendaman ekstrak daun kari berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap nilai aroma khas daun kari, tekstur keras dan total mikroba (TPC) fillet ikan tongkol. Lama penyimpanan berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai pH fillet ikan tongkol. Pada  perlakuan terbaik  yaitu lama perendaman 30 menit dan lama penyimpanan 2 jam (R3P1) dengan kadar protein sebesar 17,86 %, kadar air 59,23%, pH 6,3, total mikroba 8,7 × 106 cfu/g, aroma khas daun kari 2,72 (lemah-netral) dan tekstur keras 2,67 (lemah-netral).Abstract: Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) are plants that are very popular in the community, especially in Aceh. Curry leaves are usually used as a flavoring for Acehnese special dishes because they can provide a distinctive aroma and delicious taste. Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) contain many active substances that are beneficial for health, such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids and essential oils that can inhibit bacterial growth, so that it is expected to function to delay the speed of decay in fish. Mackerel (Euthynnus sp.) Is one of the fish that is very popular with the community. This research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor is the soaking time (R) which consists of 3 levels, namely R1 = 10 minutes, R2 = 20 minutes and R3 = 30 minutes. The second factor is the length of storage which consists of 4 levels, namely P1 = 2 hours, P2 = 4 hours, P3 = 6 hours and P4 = 8 hours. The treatment combination is 3 × 4 = 12 by using 2 replications to obtain 24 experimental units. The analysis carried out were water content, pH, microbial total and organoleptic test description of aroma, color and texture. In addition, analysis of protein content was the result of the best treatment of fish fillets. The results of the tuna fillet analysis produced an average water content of 60.87%, pH value 6.24, total microbial 8.8 × 106 cfu / g, description of the typical aroma of curry leaves 2.59, color description 2.71 and description of texture hard 2.89. The results showed that the soaking time of curry leaf extract had a very significant effect on the value of the distinctive aroma of curry leaves, hard texture and total microbial (TPC) tuna fish fillets. The results showed that the soaking time of curry leaf extract had a very significant effect on the value of the distinctive aroma of curry leaves, hard texture and total microbial (TPC) tuna fish fillets. Storage duration significantly affected the pH value of tuna fillets. The best treatment was 30 minutes soaking time and 2 hours storage time (R3P1) with protein content of 17.86%, water content 59,23%, pH 6.3, microbial total 8.7 × 106 cfu / g, distinctive aroma Curry leaves 2.72 (weak-neutral) and hard texture 2,67 (weak-neutral).   The results showed that the soaking time of curry leaf extract had a very significant effect on the value of the distinctive aroma of curry leaves, hard texture and total microbial (TPC) tuna fish fillets. Storage duration significantly affected the pH value of tuna fillets. The best treatment was 30 minutes soaking time and 2 hours storage time (R3P1) with protein content of 17.86%, water content 59,23%, pH 6.3, microbial total 8.7 × 106 cfu / g, distinctive aroma Curry leaves 2.72 (weak-neutral) and hard texture 2,67 (weak-neutral).

scholarly journals Influence of Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L.) against of bleeding time of Rattus norvegicus

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Teuku Ahmad ARBI ◽  
Putri Rahmi NOVIYANDRI ◽  
Meutia FADHILA
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Curry Leaves ◽  
Dental Procedures

Bleeding is when blood is removed from damaged blood vessels and can occur during dental procedures. Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L.) contain tannins and flavonoids, which have the potential as a hemostatic agent to stop bleeding. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of curry leaf extract (Murraya koenigii L.) on the bleeding time of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The test animals used were 5 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), which were divided into a control group that was applied with distilled water and the treatment group with the extract of curry leaves. The first treatment group was given a concentration of 25%, the second treatment group had a concentration of 50%, the third treatment group had a concentration of 75%, and the fourth treatment group had a concentration of 100%. Bleeding time was calculated using the Duke method on the tail of the rats. The results showed that curry leaf extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% were able to shorten the bleeding time with an average time of 140 seconds, 81.67 seconds, 138.33 seconds, and 73.33, respectively. Second. One-way ANOVA data analysis showed that the bleeding time in all treatment groups was significantly different from the control group (p 0.05). This study concludes that the extract of curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L.) affects the bleeding time in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).

scholarly journals IFN-γ-Secreting-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exert an Antitumor EffectIn Vivovia the TRAIL Pathway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Yang ◽  
Jingchun Du ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
Chun Xu ◽  
Wu Song
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Lentiviral Vector ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Control Mscs ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can exhibit either prooncogenic or antitumor properties depending on the context. Based on our previous study, we hypothesized that MSCs engineered to deliver IFN-γwould kill cancer cells through persistent activation of the TRAIL pathway. Human bone-marrow (BM-) derived MSCs were isolated, amplified, and transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding the IFN-γgene under the control of the EF1αpromoter. The IFN-γ-modified MSCs effectively secreted functional IFN-γ, which led to long-term expression of TRAIL. More importantly, the IFN-γ-modified MSCs selectively induced apoptosis in lung tumor cells through caspase-3 activation within the target cells. The percentage of activated-caspase-3-positive tumor cells in IFN-γ-modified MSCs cocultures was significantly higher than in control MSCs cocultures. Treatment with anti-TRAIL antibody dramatically suppressed the caspase-3 activation observed in H460 cells. After injection into nude mice, the IFN-γ-modified MSCs inhibited the growth and progression of lung carcinoma compared with control cells. Collectively, our results provide a new strategy for tumor therapy that utilizes IFN-γ-modified MSCs.

Basal Lamina Formation in DMBA Induced Mammary Carcinoma

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
I. Russo ◽  
J. Saby ◽  
J. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Carcinoma ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Intercellular Spaces

It has been previously demonstrated that DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma originates in the terminal end bud (TEB) of the mammary gland by proliferation of intermediate type cells (1). The earliest lesion identified is the intraductal proliferation (IDP), which gives rise to intraductal carcinomas. These evolve to cribriform, papillary and comedo types (2). In the present work, we report the ultrastructural changes that take place in the IDP for the formation of a cribriform pattern.Fifty-five-day-old Sprague Dawley virgin female rats were inoculated intra- gastrically with 20 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 1 ml sesame oil. Non-inoculated, age-matched females were used as controls. Mammary glands from both control and experimental rats were removed weekly from the time of inoculation until 86 days post-inoculation. The glands were fixed and processed for electron microscopy (2).The first change observed in IDP's was the widening of intercellular spaces and the secretion of an electron dense material into these spaces (Fig. 1).

Effects of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya L.) on Cellular Proliferation and Apoptosis in Cervical Cancer Mice Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
Y. Peristiowati ◽  
Y. Puspitasari ◽  
Indasah
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P53 Expression

This study is aimed at analyzing the anticancer properties of papaya leaf extract, specifically the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptotic induction through nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and p53 pathways. Twenty-five mice (Mus musculus), aged 2 months and weighing 20–30 g, was injected with 0.5 mg dexamethasone for 7 days. The mice were then injected intracutaneously with 1 ml of HeLa cells (8 × 106 HeLa cells/microliter). The mice were divided into five groups (5 each): negative control (P1) (5% CMC-Na, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), treatment II (225 mg/kg BW (body weight) papaya leaves methanol extract), treatment III (450 mg/kg BW), treatment IV (750 mg/kg BW), and treatment PV (2 mg alcohol anticancer drug). Papaya leaf extract treatments were applied for 2 weeks. Then, the tumor tissue was isolated for hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical imaging was used to detect Ki-67, caspase-3, NF-κB, and p53 expression. Further analysis was undertaken using the ImmunoRatio software program. The results indicated that administration of papaya leaf methanol extract significantly increased the expression of NF-κB and p53 at a dose of 450 mg/kg BW. Our results also showed that the mice treated with 450 mg of papaya leaf extract per kg of BW (P3) had the largest increase of caspase-3 expression compared to the negative control group. Papaya leaf ethanol extract decreased the cancer cell proliferation index and increased apoptosis of cancer cells in animal models of cervical cancer; it may also work to increase NF-kB expression and expression of the p53 gene.

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