scholarly journals The Importance of Infrastructures in the LDC’s Economic Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Romeo Ciminello
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Global Finance ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
The Difference

Infrastructures are crucial for sustainable growth and inclusive development of Less Developed Countries.  The problem in hypothesis is the African infrastructure gap, that neither governments nor civil society organizations seems to want to face promoting investments in tangible programs that take into consideration such kinds of important elements aimed to an equal durable and sustainable improvement. The paper starts with a description of recent initiatives to scale up infrastructure investment in Africa. The methodology follows a scheme of hypothesis, observations experiences and data collection from ADB and others Institutions. This research tries to let understand what is the connection between development and infrastructures for human being. The paper then uses insights from the literature on informed versus arm’s length debt to discuss the structure of infrastructure financing. The economic growth and its goal, outlines the difference between structures and infrastructures. The main effort is how to give a weight to these latter in order to measure the empowerment of people that pass through their standard of living based on a system of strategic priorities centered on  infrastructure package investments. Understanding the importance of infrastructures helps to satisfy needs and implement services that even if deemed not essential and substantial, are anyway most  important to the growth of personal and social conditions. In this context the analysis is made on the difference between economic growth and development grounded on structure and infrastructure. The effort is to try to identify indicators able to evidence the contribution ratio of infrastructures to the development, how this can be measured  and how they work in the different fields. The conclusion and implications are that to yield such potential global benefits, Africa’s industrialization would have to be underpinned by a  robust  infrastructure  financing  program.  This  requires a global finance pact among advanced and  developing  countries,  a  shift  in  strategic  approaches,  and  new  models  of  financing. Keywords: Africa, Infrastructure Finance, Economic growth, Development Banks, Integral development economy, Long-term Investors, Development indicators, Economy of Francesco, Lonergan’s new economic vision

Reducing the Risks of the Financial Sector to Ensure Sustainable Growth of the Russian Еconomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
T. I. Minina ◽  
V. V. Skalkin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Impact

Russia’s entry into the top five economies of the world depends, among other things, on the development of the financial sector, being a necessary condition for the economic growth of a developed macroeconomic and macro-financial system. The financial sector represents a system of relationships for the effective collection and distribution of economic resources, their deployment according to public demand, reducing the risk of overproduction and overheating of the economy.Therefore, the subject of the research is the financial sector of the Russian economy.The purpose of the research was to formulate an approach to alleviating the risks of increasing financial costs in the real sector of the economy by reducing the impact of endogenous risks expressed as financial asset “bubbles” using the experience of developed countries in the monetary policy.The paper analyzes a macroeconomic model applied to the financial sector. It is established that the economic growth is determined by the growth and, more important, the qualitative development of the financial sector, which leads to two phenomena: overproduction in the real sector and an increase in asset prices in the financial sector, with a debt load in both the real and financial sectors. This results in decreasing the interest rate of the mega-regulator to near-zero values. In this case, since the mechanisms of the conventional monetary policy do not work, the unconventional monetary policy is used when the mega-regulator buys out derivative financial instruments from systemically important institutions. As a conclusion, given deflationally low rates, it is proposed that the megaregulator should issue its own derivative financial instruments and place them in the financial market.

Exploring the ICT Capabilities of Civil Society in Sub Saharan Africa

2011 ◽  
pp. 207-228
Author(s):  
Joshua C. Nyirenda
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Operational Capabilities ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Masses

Civil society is argued to have been the most significant force of many forces that eradicated entrenched authoritarianism in Africa, in the early 1990s, ushering most of these countries to multi-party democracies. And yet after such accomplishment, many of these new democracies have receded to undemocratic practices. With weak economies, civil society faces many challenges in resource mobilization and in mobilizing the masses for national causes. Information communication technologies, or ICTs, are increasingly being seen as an aid to the mobilization and organization challenges of civil society. However, advanced ICT capabilities are mostly in developed countries where civil society is already strong. Using e-governance as a proxy measure for ICT capabilities for civil society, this chapter conducts an exploratory study using secondary baseline data collected by international institutions on Sub Saharan Countries. The relationship between ICT capabilities and the several civil society development indicators (press freedom, civil liberties, and various other variables) is investigated. Later, the Nation of Zambia (a country with moderate ICT capabilities in the region) is used for a qualitative case study to explore how ICT capabilities and various contextual issues influence ICT applications by civil society organizations to enhance operational capabilities such as collaboration and mobilization efforts.

Evaluation of export diversification on sustainable growth in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Olzhas Shaizandaevich Adilkhanov ◽  
Orazaly Sabden
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Export Diversification ◽  
The Past ◽  
Export Policies ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

Over the last ten years developing countries have achieved very fast economic growth comparing to the former developed countries and gained the opportunity to vastly widen their export basket. Kazakhstan over the past years is trying to diversify its export as well by becoming a member of international organizations and supporting its exporters by implementing different programs on a state level. Thus, the need for the deep research of Kazakhstan's export opportunity has appeared. The main purpose of the article is to determine the effect of export's diversification on sustainable economic growth and evaluate the potential of the processing field on the example of regions of Kazakhstan. The research has given important results, that is, in 4 regions of Kazakhstan are great opportunities to increase the export of metallurgy, engineering and chemical industry. The results of the study will be useful tool in applying export policies of the regions.

scholarly journals Will Curtains Come Down for the Sustainable Theatre – Evaluating Growth Challenges from an Island Nation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Seck Tan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Environmental Capital ◽  
Similar Development ◽  
Brundtland Report

Sustainable development (as defined by The Brundtland Report, 1987) points to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own. However, sustainable development denotes different perspectives to different audience; and for development to be truly sustainable, growth must be inclusive and demands equal attention to the tri-nexus of economy, society and the environment. Unfortunately, this is far from reality. In an effort to continue growing, economies pedestalize economic progress where attention is skewed towards economic performance with an intentional disregard of the environment and to the degradation of the environment. For the purpose of this paper, sustainable development focuses on debates between the twin-nexus of economy and the environment. This paper highlights sustainable development challenges for Singapore (an island nation). While most studies centered on Singapore‟s miraculous growth, few have examined the island‟s use of its environmental capital for economic growth. Island economies face similar development challenges like most global economies; the difference lies in their natural endowments (or the lack of). This underlines the need for policies to advance ecosystem preservation in land-scarce Singapore. With the use of a simple environmental valuation framework, it is demonstrated that the island nation has not fared too badly in protecting its environmental capital.Keywords: Ecosystem, Environmental Capital, Island Nation, Singapore, Sustainable Development

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL SERVICE COOPERATIVES OF THE GRAIN MARKET AS THE POLES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH THE REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3(68)) ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
N. O. BIBIKOVA ◽  
O.V. NIKISHYNA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Regional Service ◽  
Grain Market

Topicality. Formation and development of regional service cooperatives in the grain market is an important tool for ensuring the access of individual farms to market infrastructure, increasing the efficiency of their activities by increasing added value in the cooperative logistics chain, overcoming structural imbalances in the development of the grain market. At the same time, the formation of regional grain cooperatives is a mechanism for self-organization of the rural population, increasing their employment and welfare. The practice of developed countries testifies to the possibility of regional servicing cooperatives performing the functions of the poles of growth of the regional economy, which actualizes science and applied research in this direction, taking into account Ukrainian realities and the requirements of the dynamic market. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to justify the directions and forms of integration development of the regional servicing cooperatives of the grain market as the poles of economic growth in the region. During the study, the following methods have been used: monographic, dialectical, theoretical generalization and comparison, graphical, structural-logical method. Research results. Based on the integration approach the authors developed a transformed model of the region's economic growth pole, the core of which is the network of regional servicing cooperatives in the grain market. It has been proved that the grain multifunctional cooperatives focused on the sustainable development of rural areas are able to produce a powerful integration impetus for the growth of the region's economy. The conceptual approach to the integration interaction of regional service cooperatives and stakeholders in the region has been developed. Three levels of interaction (low, medium, high) have been distinguished based on the complexity of integration mechanisms from contracting to subjective integration and public-private partnership, which involve the pooling of assets of participants. The key points of coordination of economic interests of cooperatives and stakeholders in the region have been substantiated, the conclusion has been made on the need for active participation of state institutions and rural communities in support of grain co-operation. The potential role of the regional servicing cooperatives of the grain market in the inclusive development of the regions has been determined. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the research is to develop the theory of the poles of growth of the regional economy by introducing into its structure the integration component and the core of the pole - a network of regional grain cooperatives, as well as developing a conceptual approach to the formation of the integration links of service cooperatives in the grain market with stakeholders of the region. The results obtained by the authors of the study can be used by the state authorities as a basis for the development of strategies for regional and integration development. Methodological approaches to assessing the integration impact of regional servicing cooperatives in the grain market on the region's economy, development of the theory of inclusive growth of the region on the basis of encouraging the establishment of village-saving type organizations, including cooperatives, constitute prospects for further research in this direction.

scholarly journals Focus on the Inclusive Sustainable Growth of Mongolia - the Main Condition of Prosperity the Country in the System of the World Economic Relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-631
Author(s):  
Ulaan Chultem
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
World Economic ◽  
World Center

The article examines development trends of the world economy that is faced with a number of chronic and new problems impeding stable economic growth and sustainable inclusive development. This requires the implementation of a number of measures aimed at solving these problems on a supranational, global level. It is also necessary to encourage trade and investments and to support fair globalization geared towards sustainable comprehensive development. The author notes that Mongolia is well-paced to move into a group of highly developed countries, since it has rich natural resources, a young population, a developed infrastructure in the sphere of education and healthcare and, moreover, is located between two great countries - Russia and China (which form a new world center for economic development - BRICS). All of the above-mentioned can ensure the realization of its competitive advantages.

scholarly journals The Impact of Macroeconomic Indicators to Foreign Investment in Indonesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Bambang Juanda ◽  
Mahyuddin Mahyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Finance ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

This paper studies the effect of domestic and foreign macroeconomy performances on the foreign direct investment (PMA) in Indonesia, employing descriptive and inferencial (econometric model) analyses. The national economic growth and national interest rate affect significantly PMA in Indonesia. While the national inflation rate positively -effected on PMA, but results show that hyperinflation contributes to decreasing PMA. The macroeconomic improvement in some _competitor countries, especially Chinese and Thailand tends to decrease PMA in Indonesia. However, the improvement of macroeconomies in Singapore and Malaysia can increase PMA in Indonesia. Therefore, bilateral relationship with these countries must be intensified. In addition, although the economic growth of some More Developed Countries (MDCs) has positive relationship with PMA in Indonesia, but their effect were not significant statistically, except Canada. This implies that global finance crisis, especially in USA and european countries would not largely effect on PMA in Indonesia.

scholarly journals On the beginning of changes in technological and economic structure of society and problems of sustainable growth of small and medium-sized businesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Olga Priadko-Kanybekova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Technological Structure

The article’s subject is the changes in the technological structure of Russian society and the trends affecting the transformation of its economic structure in the context of increasing industrial development and digitalization of the state economy. The paper considers the relationships between labor productivity, economic growth, innovation, human capital, and the advantages of developed countries and big business in the specified period. One of the most important performance indicators of small and medium-sized businesses and at the same time a potential factor of their economic growth is highlighted — a change in the pattern of doing business in C2B, C2C, C2G (C2B — consumer to business, commercial activity be-tween clients and companies; C2C — consumer to consumer, commercial activity between clients (self-employed citizens); C2G — consumer to gov-ernment, commercial activity between self-employed citizens and government customers). Internal and external changes in the economic structure of the society that limit the growth of small and medium-sized businesses are noted. The article provides comparative data on labor productivity in Russia and the world, trends in expected growth and facts of the negative impact of restrictive coronavirus measures on the country economy. The article will be useful for representatives of small and medium-sized businesses, students and graduate students who are interested in the possibility of increasing productivity, attracting investment and impact of scientific and technical and intellectual resources on the economic growth of enterprises.

scholarly journals Foreign Aid in Nepal: Importance, Trends and Government Initiatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Sukanta Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

Economic growth and development are in the forefront of international relations and policy making. Developed countries such as the United States and international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund provide assistance that attempts to help the economic growth of developing countries. Foreign aid has been recognized as the most crucial factor in enhancing economic development in many countries. Foreign aid is crucial factor to achieve higher and sustainable economic growth and development of Nepal. However, aid must be linked with sustainable growth and poverty reduction. The objectives of the paper are to study the importance, trends and government initiatives of foreign aids in Nepal.

scholarly journals Modelling economic dimensions of global sustainable development

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Olha Kovalchuk ◽  
Olena Hyryla
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Competitiveness Index

The article reveals the problems of “measuring” economic dimensions of global sustainable development of modern society, improves the existing set of indicators for an adequate quantitative assessment of economic growth and develops optimal mathematical models for integrated assessment of economic dimensions of global sustainable growth. The subject matter of the study includes the most important challenges of sustainability and direction relevant to economic activities, and also the main indicators of effectiveness of public economic policy, which provide information and scientific knowledge useful for identifying key factors of development. The main significant results of using methods of mathematical modeling for building models of economic growth have been examined. The main problem of mathematical modeling of economic component of sustainable development is an adequate choice of qualitative and quantitative indications, as well as development of more complex device for mathematical and computer modeling for analyzing features of economic phenomena and economic aspects of the function of sustainable development. It is claimed that the long-running economic crisis, a growing gap in access to advantages of economic progress, age disparity in wealth, income inequality in developed countries and increasing ecological degradation due to unsustainable practices have lead to the situation when economic policies of many countries do not adequately meet the needs of public welfare and society. The authors state that the problems enumerated above along with the sluggish growth call into question the efficiency of traditional models of economic growth. In addition, it is indicated that geopolitical tension and unstable currency are slowing down economic growth. The study provides a correlation analysis, factor analysis (principal component method), discriminant analysis (developing classification functions), and data mining (classification trees). A factor model for the quantitative assessment of economic component of sustainable development has been developed. A country classification by economic growth indicators is developed and the results are presented as a tree solution. An optimal discriminant model for building classification functions of country allocation by the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) is constructed. This index is one of the basic dimensions of a long-term economic growth relevant to analyzed economic indicators of sustainable development. It is found that GCI is an adequate dimension of economic component of global sustainable development. The Global Talent Competitiveness Index, ICT Access Index and Corruption Perception Index are the most significant for country allocation by its levels

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