Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle Using Bioactive Phenolic Compound Extracts of Leucas aspera and Leucas cephalotes and Evaluation of its Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-314
Author(s):  
M. Salma Kausar ◽  
B.K. Manjunatha ◽  
C. Purvika ◽  
Mizba Farkana
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Leucas Aspera ◽  
Phenolic Extract

The present study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of the bioactive phenolic extract from Leucas aspera and Leucas cephalotes. The phenolic compounds were extracted using water: ethanol (1:3, v/v) by hydroethanolic extraction method. The hydroethanolic extracts were subjected to qualitative and FTIR analysis as a confirmatory step for the presence of phenolics. Synthesis of silver nanoparticle from both plants was carried out by acid hydrolysis method and subjected to UV-visible spectrophotometry, SEM, TEM and XRD analysis, for confirmation of tagged bioactive compound to AgNO3. The nanoparticle size distribution ranged between 50-94 nm in L. aspera and 40-67 nm in L. cephalotes. The antibacterial study was carried out using both crude phenolic extract and synthesized nanoparticles and tested against 5 pathogens namely Escherichia coli (ATCC® 8739™), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC® 25619™), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC® 6538™), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC® 11774™) and Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC® 13882™) for their antibacterial activity. From present study, the crude extract of L. cephalotes showed good antibacterial effect against test pathogen species wherein highest inhibition was observed in, P. aeruginosa, followed by B. subtilis and S. aureus with an average zone of inhibition of 23, 14 and 12 mm, E. coli and K. pneumonia measured 9 and 7 mm. The crude extract of L. aspera showed the highest inhibition in P. aeruginosa followed by S. aureus and E. coli with an average zone of inhibition of 12,11 and 10 mm B. subtilis and K. pneumonia measured 8 and 7 mm. Statistical analysis was calculated using One way ANOVA and was found to be statistically significant with p < 0.05.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BEBERAPA SPONS DARI PERAIRAN SALIBABU KEPULAUAN TALAUD

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Remus B Maradou ◽  
Fitje Losung ◽  
Remmy EP Msngindaan ◽  
Rosita AJ Lintang ◽  
Wilmy E Pelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

Sponge is one component of coral reefs that has the potential as a bioactive compound but has not been widely used. This study was directed to obtain some spongy crude extracts from the Salibabu waters of the Talaud Islands, determine the antibacterial activity of some crude extruded sponges and compare the antibacterial activity of the sponge fraction against E. coli and S. aureus test bacteria. The results of identification of sponges were found in three species consisting of: Siphonodictyon sp., Ircinia sp., Dysidea sp. The antibacterial activity of crude extract, water, methanol and hexane fractions using agar diffusion method with E. coli and S. aureus test bacteria. The crude extract of siphonodictyon sp and the water fraction of this extract show the highest antibacterial activity. Key words: Spons, Antibacterial, E. coli. S. aureus

Electrospun PU/MgO/Ag Nanofibers for Antibacterial Activity and Flame Retardency

2021 ◽  
pp. 0887302X2110094
Author(s):  
V. Mamtha ◽  
H. N. Narasimha Murthy ◽  
V. Pujith Raj ◽  
Prashantha Tejas ◽  
C. S. Puneet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Afterglow Time

Antibacterial activity and fire retardation are equally desired for protective clothing. For achieving this, AgNP and MgO are independently researched as nanofillers in Polyurethane based electrospun nanofibers and their synergistic effect is scarcely addressed. This article reports synthesis and characterization of MgO of 70.01 nm and AgNP of 51 to 76 nm by solution combustion and hydrothermal routes respectively and their incorporation in electrospinning of Polyurethane. Flow rate 1 ml/hr, applied voltage 13 kV, tip to collector distance 15 cm were adopted for the electrospinning. Nanofibers of 65 nm were obtained for PU/MgO (3 wt. %) and 106 nm for PU/MgO (3 wt. %)/Ag (1 wt. %). Addition of MgO increased the melting point, after flame time and afterglow time. Incorporation of AgNP improved antibacterial activity. PU/MgO/Ag (2 wt. %) exhibited zone of inhibition of 2.1 cm and 3 cm against E. Coli and S. Aureus, respectively.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli from squid ink (Loligo sp.) n-Hexane extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
D R Utami ◽  
I Irwan ◽  
S Agustina ◽  
S Karina ◽  
S Afriani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Intermediate Concentration

Abstract Squid is one of the export commodities in Indonesia. In general, the use of squid meat, while the ink is only as waste. In fact, Squid ink contain bioactive compound that potential as anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic,anti-microbial and anti-malaria agents. The purpose of the study is to determine the types of secondary metabolite compounds contained in n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink using maceration method to determine its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The results of secondary metabolite compounds obtained from the n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink are alkaloid, saponins, glycosides and phenol. The results of antibacterial test against E. coli using the disc method obtained the average of inhibition zone diameter at the concentration of 4% is 6.3 mm (intermediate), concentration of 8% is 7.83 mm (intermediate), concentration of 16% is 14.5 mm (susceptible) and concentration of 32% is 10.83 mm (intermediate). The antibacterial activity in n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink is optimal at the concentration of 16% against E. coli bacteria.

Antibacterial Function of Chromium Nanoparticles Against K. Pneumonia, E. coli and P. typhus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giriraj Tailor ◽  
Jyoti Chaudhary ◽  
Ajit Joshi ◽  
Deepshikha Verma ◽  
Osahon Michael
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Method ◽  
Chromium Nanoparticles

Abstract The bioactive chromium nanoparticles were synthesized by calcination followed by thermal decomposition method. The antibacterial activity of chromium nanoparticles diffused in Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The antibacterial activity of chromium nanoparticles carried out against significant human pathogens (gram negative bacteria) viz, K. pneumonia, E. coli and P. typhus using agar diffusion cup plate method at 100 µg/ml concentration. The highest zone of inhibition was observed (12.0 mm) against K. pneumonia and lowest zone of inhibition (7.0 mm) E. coli. Thus, the outcomes of these studies suggest that synthesized chromium nanoparticles are of clinical importance.

scholarly journals Investigating In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Medicinal Plants Having Folkloric Repute in Ethiopian Traditional Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1988627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Sisay ◽  
Negussie Bussa ◽  
Tigist Gashaw ◽  
Getnet Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Slow Development

Medicinal plants are targeted in the search for new antimicrobial agents. Nowadays, there is an alarmingly increasing antimicrobial resistance to available agents with a very slow development of new antimicrobials. It is, therefore, necessary to extensively search for new agents based on the traditional use of herbal medicines as potential source. The antibacterial activity of 80% methanol extracts of the leaves of Verbena officinalis (Vo-80ME), Myrtus communis (Mc-80ME), and Melilotus elegans (Me-80ME) was tested against 6 bacterial isolates using agar well diffusion technique. In each extract, 3 concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 mg/well were tested for each bacterium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were also determined. Vo-80ME and Mc-80ME exhibited promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with the highest zone of inhibition being 18.67 and 26.16 mm, respectively at concentration of 40 mg/well. Regarding gram-negative bacteria, Vo-80ME exhibited an appreciable activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Mc-80ME displayed remarkable activity against all isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the maximum zone of inhibition being 22.83 mm. Me-80ME exhibited better antibacterial activity against E coli, but its secondary metabolites had little or no activity against other gram-negative isolates. The MIC values of Vo-80ME ranged from 0.16 to 4.00 mg/mL. The lowest MIC was observed in Mc-80ME, with the value being 0.032 mg/mL. Mc-80ME had bactericidal activity against all tested bacterial isolates. Mc-80ME showed remarkable zone of inhibitions in all tested bacterial isolates. Besides, Vo-80ME showed good antibacterial activity against S aureus, E coli, and S typhi. Conversely, Me-80ME has shown good activity against E coli only. Generally, M communis L and V officinalis have good MIC and MBC results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Cymbopogon citratus Ethanolic Leaf Crude Extract against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from Kampala International University Teaching Hospital Western Campus, Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ntulume ◽  
Ninsiima Victoria ◽  
Abubakar Sunusi Adam ◽  
Adamu Almustapha Aliero
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Alternative Intervention ◽  
Adults And Children

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the common cause of pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia and Septicemia among adults and children worldwide. Resistance to antimicrobials agents has been reported among S. pneumoniae which necessitate the need for alternative intervention such as ethno-medicinal plants. Cymbopogon citratus is an ethno-medicinal plant which is known to have pharmacological activities including antibacterial activity. This study aimed at determining the in vitro antibacterial activity of C. citratus ethanolic leaves crude extract against clinical isolates of S.  pneumoniae. A fresh leaves of C. citratus were collected early in the morning; shed dried, pulverized and extracted using ethanol (96%) using standard extraction method. The antibacterial activity, Minimum Inhibitory and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations of C. citratus ethanolic leaves crude extract were determined against clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae. C. citratus ethanolic leaves extract crude showed antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae at 500mg/ml concentration with mean and standard deviation zone of inhibition (26.33 ± 1.53 mm) in comparison with that of 250mg/ml concentration which gave 20.33 ± 2.08 mm mean and standard zone of inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the plant crude extract against S. pneumoniae was 15.63 mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentration was 125mg/ml. The study found that C. citratus leaves ethanolic crude extract was active against S. pneumoniae. It is recommended that studies should be done focusing on isolation of specific phytochemicals of the C. citratus leaves crude extract and then determines their antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 31-38

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Tannic Acid and Tannic Acid/Amphiphilic Cationic Polymer Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1491-1496
Author(s):  
Fatimah M. Alzahrani ◽  
Stephen G. Yeates ◽  
Michelle Webb ◽  
Hind Ali Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Cationic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Mixture ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Cationic Polymers ◽  
Polymer Mixtures ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
E Coli

In this study, the antibacterial activity of tannic acid/amphiphilic cationic polymer (poly{2-[(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl-ammonium chloride}, PMADQUAT) and tannic acid mixtures was examined on the strains of Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli CI2, E. coli K12, Klebsiella pneumonia and P. aeruginosa) bacteria. Tannic acid exhibited the antibacterial activity against all the studied bacterial strains. The ester linkage between glucose and gallic acid is vital for the antimicrobial activity of tannic acid. Tannic acid inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli K12 (1 wt%) and reduced the growth of P. aeruginosa to 23%. Mixing cationic polymers having different structures (statistical copolymer, homopolymer and diblock polymer) with tannic acid lead to an increase in antibacterial activity of tannic acid and the stability and clarity of mixtures was higher than that of a pure tannic acid solution. Tannic acid/diblock polymer and tannic acid/homopolymer mixtures (0.1 wt%) were excellent for inhibiting the growth of planktonic E. coli K12 bacteria, and a low concentration (0.0001 wt%) of tannic acid/diblock polymer reduced its growth to 19%. By contrast, the tannic acid/statistical polymer mixture (0.0001 wt%) was excellent for inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive S. aureus bacteria.

scholarly journals Study of Antibacterial Activity of Chenopodium album Leaves Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaur M. ◽  
Sharma S. ◽  
Garg S. ◽  
Arora M.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Test Organisms

This study describes the antibacterial activities of three different solvent extracts of leaves of Chenopodium album. Methanol, acetone and chloroform extracts of C. album were prepared. The antibacterial activity was assessed using well plate method and were examined for the size of zone of inhibition. Different extracts were investigated against the test organisms namely Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The maximum activity was observed at 100% concentration of different extracts of leaves. The maximum zone of inhibition for 100% concentration were observed as E. coli (19 mm) and Lactobacillus (19 mm) in diameter respectively. C. album did not show any antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. Antibacterial activity was compared with standard Amoxicillin and it was found to be 23 mm diameter for Lactobacillus and 25 mm for both E. coli and B. subtilis in terms of zone of inhibition.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL CRUDE EXTRACTS OF WHOLE PLANT OF THE UGANDAN PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS SCHUMACH. & THONN AGAINST SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Magimbi Arthur ◽  
Adamu Almustapha Aliero ◽  
John Odda
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Whole Plant

Apart from being used for the treatment of malaria fevers, mono-herbal preparation of Ugandan Phyllanthus amarus is widely by local communities in central Uganda, for treatment of bacterial dysentery.  However, efficacy studies regarding the mono-herbal extracts of the Ugandan Phyllanthus amarus against Shigella dysenteriae is lacking. The present study was aimed at determined the antibacterial activity of aqueous ethanol crude extracts of whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus against Shigella dysenteriae. Whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus was collected from Wakiso district central of Uganda. Different concentrations (128µg/ml, 256µg/mL-1 and 512µg/ mL-1) of the ethanol crude extract of whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus were tested against Shigella dysenteriae using agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using broth tube dilution method while Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by culture method. The results of this study showed that, Shigella dysenteriae was sensitive to different concentrations (128µg/ mL-1, 256µg/ mL-1and 512µg/ mL-1) of ethanol crude extract of whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus possessed antibacterial against Shigella dysenteriae with mean and standard error mean zone of inhibition ranging from 11.5±0.5 to 13.5±0.5mm, while the positive control had mean and standard error mean zone of inhibition 24.5±0.5mm. The MIC and MBC of the ethanol crude extract of whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus against Shigella dysenteriae was found to be 32µg/ml and 64µg/ml respectively. This study found that the whole plant of phyllanthus amarus of ethanol crude extract was active against Shigella dysenterie.  Further study should be carried out test whole plant Phyllanthus amarus crude extract on different microorganisms that cause dysentery to find out its activity against them and spectrum, determine lead compound in the whole plant Phyllanthus amarus crude extract responsible for the anti-microbial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and also determine the mechanism of action by which this plant crude extract inhibits Shigella dysenteriae.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Senyawa Bioaktif Kapang Laut Trichoderma asperellum MT02 dengan Aktivitas Anti-Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Mada Triandala Sibero ◽  
Aninditia Sabdaningsih ◽  
Ocky Karna Radjasa ◽  
Agus Sabdono ◽  
Agus Trianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Agar Plug ◽  
Extracellular Metabolites

The Trichoderma asperellum MT02 has been reported to has antibacterial activity against the Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli based on the screening results through an agar plug method. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of T. asperellum MT02 and characterize the composition of the bioactive compounds group possessed in its crude extract. The isolate was cultured in the Malt Extract Broth (MEB) media (static, 27 oC, 15 days). The intracellular metabolites from mycelium were extracted using methanol while extracellular metabolites from broth media were extracted using ethyl acetate. The antibacterial activity of crude extracts was tested using the paper disc diffusion method while bioactive compounds were characterized using the phytochemical method. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of the broth media extract performed a greater activity than the crude extract from the mycelium. The crude extract from mycelia only contained flavonoid and phenol hydroquinone compounds while the crude extract from broth media contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols hydroquinone and saponins. Kapang Trichoderma asperellum MT02 telah dilaporkan memiliki potensi sebagai penghasil senyawa antibakteri melawan Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli berdasarkan hasil penapisan melalui metode agar plug. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kasar kapang T. asperellum MT02 serta komposisi golongan senyawa bioaktif yang dimiliki. Kapang dikultur pada media Malt Extract Broth (MEB) (statis, 27 oC, 15 hari) di mana metabolit intraseluler dari miselium diekstrak menggunakan metanol sedangkan metabolit ekstraseluler dari media kaldu diekstrak menggunakan etil asetat. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kasar diuji menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram sedangkan senyawa bioaktif dikarakterisasi menggunakan metode fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri asal ekstrak media kaldu lebih baik dibandingkan ekstrak kasar asal miselium kapang. Ekstrak kasar kapang asal miselia hanya mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid dan fenol hidrokuinon sedangkan ekstrak kasar asal media kaldu mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol hidroquinon dan saponin.

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