scholarly journals Antibiofilm activity in vitro of Rosmarinus officinalis and Syzygium cumini glycolic extracts on Staphylococcus spp. of dentistry interest

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Freire ◽  
Cristiane Aparecida Pereira ◽  
Luciane Dias Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Slime Production ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

<p><strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to identify the slime production and evaluate the effects of <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> (rosemary) and <em>Syzygium cumini</em> (jambolan) glycolic extracts, and 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) in biofilms formed by strains of coagulase-positive <em>Staphylococcus</em> - CPS and coagulase negative <em>Staphylococcus</em> - CNS isolated from the oral cavity. <strong>Material</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Methods</strong>: Slime production was evaluated by two methods: the color of colony presented in Congo red agar, and through the amount of slime adhered to polystyrene. Biofilms were grown in acrylic resin discs immersed in broth, inoculated with microbial suspension (10<sup>6</sup> cells/ml) and incubated at 37°C/48 h. After formation, the biofilms were exposed for 5 minutes to glycol extracts, CHX or saline solution. The viability of biofilms was determined by counting the colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) in agar, and analyzed statistically by Tukey test (p &lt;0.05). <strong>Results</strong>: The strains <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>S. schleiferi</em> and <em>S. epidermidis</em> obtained the highest values of slime adhered to polystyrene. <em>R. officinalis</em> promoted reductions ranging from 12.1% to 78.7% in biofilms formed by isolates of CPS, and 9.2% to 73.7% in the biofilms of CNS. <em>S. cumini</em> reduced 12% to 55.7% in biofilms of CPS, and 7.9% to 71.5% in biofilms of CNS. With exception of <em>S. saprophyticus</em>, glycol extracts produced significant reductions in biofilms. For five isolates studied, <em>R. officinalis</em> produced greater reductions than CHX. <strong>Conclusion</strong>:<em> R. officinalis</em> and <em>S. cumini</em> showed effective antibiofilm activity against isolates that showed slime production.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Biofilm; <em>Rosmarinus officinalis; </em>Slime; <em>Staphylococcus;</em> <em>Syzygium cumini</em>.</p>

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of microbial adhesion on the different surface roughness of acrylic resin specific for ocular prosthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agda Marobo Andreotti ◽  
Cecília Alves De Sousa ◽  
Marcelo Coelho Goiato ◽  
Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva ◽  
Cristiane Duque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Ocular Prostheses

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of surface roughness in biofilm formation of four microorganisms (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans) on acrylic resin surface of ocular prostheses. Materials and Methods: Acrylic resin samples were divided into six groups according to polishing: Group 1200S (1200 grit + silica solution); Group 1200; Group 800; Group 400; Group 120 and Group unpolished. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer and surface images obtained with atomic force microscopy. Microbial growth was evaluated after 4, 24, and 48 hours of incubation by counting colony-forming units. Statistical Analysis Used: For roughness, it was performed 1-way ANOVA and parametric Tukey test α5% (P ≤ 0.05). For CFU data found, it was applied Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Group 120 and 400 presented the highest roughness values. For S. epidermidis and S. aureus, Group 1200S presented the lowest values of microbial growth. For E. faecalis at 4 hour, microbial growth was not observed. C. albicans did not adhere to the acrylic resin. Except for Group 1200S, different surface roughnesses did not statistically interfere with microbial adhesion and growth on acrylic surfaces of ocular prostheses. Conclusions: The roughness did not interfere with the microbial adhesion of the microorganisms evaluated. The use of silica decreases significantly microbial growth.

scholarly journals In Vitro Toxic Effect of Biomaterials Coated with Silver Tungstate or Silver Molybdate Microcrystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Viviane Guimarães Pellissari ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Vergani ◽  
Elson Longo ◽  
Ana Claudia Pavarina ◽  
Paula Volpato Sanitá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Alamar Blue ◽  
Uncoated Sample ◽  
Silver Molybdate ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Coating Procedure ◽  
Silver Tungstate ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of antimicrobial silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) or silver molybdate (Ag2MoO4) microcrystals coating biomaterials. Materials and Methods. The coating procedure was performed onto titanium, zirconia, and acrylic resin specimens. Eluates of the coated specimens were obtained, which were used for cytotoxicity analyses, including Alamar Blue, MTT, and CytoTox-ONE tests. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test (α = 0.05). The results of each experimental group were also compared to those of the control of living cells, taken as 100% cell viability. Results. In general, it was observed that the percentage of living cells from all biomaterials coated with both microcrystals was statistically different compared to the ones from the uncoated sample groups, except for the results from MTT of specimens of Ti coated with α-Ag2MoO4. All uncoated biomaterials were classified as noncytotoxic by the three assays used in the present study. It was observed that the microcrystals in solution were strongly cytotoxic, with death of almost 100% of cells, from the analysis of the results of the Alamar Blue assay. Conclusion. The most biomaterials coated with both microcrystals showed some degree of cytotoxicity in the different assays. The results described herein should be seen as an alert to the use of microcrystals, which can expose patients to health risks.

Biofilm Formation on Voice Prostheses: In vitro Influence of Probiotics

2001 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 946-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolien H. Free ◽  
G. Jolanda Elving ◽  
Ranny van Weissenbruch ◽  
Henk J. Busscher ◽  
Henny C. vander Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Voice Prostheses ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

In order to determine the influence of probiotic bacteria on biofilm formation on Groningen and Provox 2 voice prostheses in an artificial throat, we grew biofilms on both types of voice prostheses and exposed them 3 times daily to a probiotic bacterial suspension. As a control, we perfused an artificial throat with phosphate-buffered saline solution. Perfusion with Lactococcus lactis 53 suspension reduced the percentage numbers of bacteria and yeasts, respectively, on the Groningen prostheses to 17% and 22% and on the Provox 2 prostheses to 19% and 45%, compared to the number of colony-forming units on the control prosthesis, which was set at 100%. A suspension of Streptococcus thermophilus b reduced the percentage numbers of bacteria and yeasts, respectively, on the Groningen prostheses to 53% and 33% and on the Provox 2 prostheses to 14% and 0%, as compared to the control prosthesis. All other probiotic strains tested caused some reduction in the percentages of bacteria or yeasts, but strong differences between the types of prostheses were observed. In conclusion, L lactis 53 and S thermophilus b strongly reduce the occurrence of yeasts and bacteria in voice prosthetic biofilms.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Glucoprotamin: A Clinical Study of a New Disinfectant for Instruments

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 762-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas F. Widmer ◽  
Reno Frei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Biocidal Activity ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

AbstractObjective:To determine the in vitro efficacy of glucoprotamin for the disinfection of instruments.Design:Prospective observational study.Setting:University women's hospital.Methods:Instruments were immersed in saline solution after use, and glucoprotamin was added to a concentration of 1.5% before soaking for 60 minutes. Biocidal activity was determined by the difference in colony-forming units (CFU) on instruments before and after disinfection.Results:One hundred thirty-seven instruments were collected during 10 days and exposed to a 1.5% dilution of glucoprotamin without prior washing. Bioburden before disinfection ranged from 2 × 105to 7.1 × 107CFU per instrument. Average bacterial killing was 5.98 log10CFU ± 0.48 under aerobic conditions and 6.75 log10CFU ± 0.54 under anaerobic conditions, despite the presence of large amounts of proteins on instruments that were frequently bloody. No vegetative bacteria were isolated in any sample after disinfection.Conclusion:This clinical study confirmed excellent in vitro efficacy of glucoprotamin without prior removal of proteins and debris.

scholarly journals ATIVIDADES ANTIMICROBIANAS E ANTIFUNGICAS DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE ALECRIM (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Raiol da Silva ◽  
Daniel Vitor Da Silva Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Lactobacillus Sakei ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Introdução: O alecrim, é considerado popularmente como terapêutico, sobre microrganismos de notável importância clínica. A busca de produtos naturais que apresentem uma ação antifúngica eficiente frente a microrganismos resistentes se mostra uma alternativa necessária, assim como em virtude da resistência crescente aos antimicrobianos. Objetivo: Caracterizar a eficiência nas atividades antimicrobianas e antifúngicas do óleo essencial de Alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Material e métodos: As buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados bibliográficas — SciELO, BIREME, LILACS e Livro de Fitoterapia. Incluiu-se artigos do período de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2020 com delineamento experimental e observacional, em Inglês, Português e Espanhol. Resultados: As propriedades antimicrobianas do alecrim são atribuídas aos compostos pinenos, 1-8 cineol, borneol, canfeno e cânfora. Estes, geralmente, estão presentes no óleo essencial, o qual demonstrou atividade inibitória sobre as cepas de S. aureus e E. coli, quando utilizado o método de orifício em Ágar, mas não pelo método de difusão em disco, quando avaliadas as culturas de S. aureus, mas apresenta efeito bactericida para a linhagem de S. aureus. Para E. coli, foi verificada sensibilidade a este composto também no método de disco difusão. Frente a Staphylococcus spp, Enterobacter gergoviae, E. amnigenus, Lactobacillus sakei, e L. curvatus, o óleo essencial, apresentou atividade antimicrobiana, caracterizando a sua eficácia perante esses microrganismos. O óleo essencial de R. officinalis L. em relação aos fungos provoca a granulação do citoplasma, desorganização dos conteúdos celulares, rompimento da membrana plasmática e inibição das enzimas fúngicas. A partir do teste de difusão em meio sólido, atividade antifúngica sobre a cepa de C. albicans, foi identificada, assim como atividade antifúngica e antiaderente sobre C. tropicalis. No teste in vitro, mostrou-se eficiência em inibir o crescimento do A. flavus. Conclusão: Através dessa revisão bibliográfica, foi possível identificar a eficiência na atividade antimicrobiana e antifúngica do óleo essencial de Alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) diante das cepas analisadas. Porém, são necessários estudos sobre as composições e aspectos que podem comprometer a eficácia do óleo essencial, para garantir a segurança e ação do produto.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Effect of Delmopinol Application on Adherence of Candida albicans on Denture Fitting Surface on Three Types of Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha Shakya ◽  
Deshraj Jain ◽  
Tripty Rahangdale
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Purpose Denture-related stomatitis is probably the most common form of oral candidiasis and its reported prevalence varies widely ranging up to 65%. In this in vitro study, we evaluate the effect of delmopinol application on Candida albicans adherence on heat-cured acrylic resin, cold-cured acrylic resin and microwave-cured acrylic resin. Materials and methods A total of 40 specimens of each type of acrylic resin were made; 20 specimens of each type were contaminated before delmopinol treatment and 20 specimens were contaminated after delmopinol treatment. The each specimen in each tube was individually transferred to a spectrophotometer at 530 nm wavelength in order to measure the turbidity degree, through the transmittance. Aliquots of 10 μl of each tube was then collected and inoculated into agar Sabouraud plates containing 500 mmol/l of sucrose, which was incubated for 24 hours at 37oC, in order to check microbial growth. Two-way ANOVA analysis of variance test and posthoc Turkey's test were carried out to ascertain the level of significance (p < 0.001) of various observations. Results Mean of the turbidity degree of contamination after delmopinol application for heat-cured acrylic resin specimens (A1) 1440.80, colony forming units (CFU) (⨯106/ml), cold-cured acrylic resin specimens (B1) 833.30 CFU (⨯106/ml) and microwave-cured acrylic resin specimens (C1) 944.70 CFU (⨯106/ml) was significantly higher than the mean of the turbidity degree of contamination before delmopinol application for heatcured acrylic resin specimens (A2) 550.85 CFU (⨯106/ml), coldcured acrylic resin specimens (B2) 341.45 CFU (⨯106/ml) and microwave-cured acrylic resin specimens (C2) 451.50 CFU (⨯106/ml). Conclusion In case of contamination after delmopinol application, heat-cured acrylic resin showed maximum reduction in adherence of C. albicans in the study. How to cite this article Shakya P, Jain D, Rahangdale T. Evaluation and Comparison of Effect of Delmopinol Application on Adherence of Candida albicans on Denture Fitting Surface on Three Types of Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(4):129-135.

scholarly journals Efficiency of a digital electrofulguration system in contaminated root canals in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cimara B. B. Silva ◽  
Juliana D. Bronzato ◽  
Daniel R. Herrera ◽  
Francisco Montagner ◽  
Elifas L. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

Abstract Decontamination of the root canal (RC) system is essential for successful endodontic therapy. In this in vitro study, it was evaluated the disinfection potential of an electrofulguration device, the Endox® Endodontic System (EES), in RC infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Sixty-five human lower premolars were instrumented with MTwo® system. The specimens were distributed into six experimental groups (n = 10), according to the irrigation protocol: 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX); CHX + EES; 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); NaOCl + EES; saline solution (SS); and SS + EES. Five specimens were untreated (control). RC samples were collected before (C1) and after EES treatment (C2), after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) (C3), and after final EES treatment (C4). All samples were plated for colony forming units (CFU/mL) onto solid media. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Friedman tests for intragroup comparisons and by Kruskal Wallis test followed by Dunn’s test for intergroup comparisons (α = 0.05). Treatment with the EES did not significantly reduce the number of CFU/mL as compared to baseline levels (C1 vs. C2, p> 0.05). After CMP (C3), all groups showed a significantly reduced amount of CFU/mL (p <0.05), with no difference between CHX- and NaOCl-treated samples (p >0.05). Lastly, treatment with the EES following CMP (C4) did not significantly reduce the amount of CFU/mL (C3 vs. C4, p> 0.05). To conclude, the use of the Endox® Endodontic System did not result in considerable bacterial reduction at all operative times, while treatment with NaOCl and CHX was equally efficient for this purpose.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

The In Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Water Leaf Extract of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-163
Author(s):  
Ekajayanti Kining ◽  
Syamsul Falah ◽  
Novik Nurhidayat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Optimum Conditions

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of opportunistic pathogen forming bacterial biofilm. The biofilm sustains the bacterial survival and infections. This study aimed to assess the activity of water extract of papaya leaves on inhibition of cells attachment, growth and degradation of the biofilm using crystal violet (CV) biofilm assay. Research results showed that water extract of papaya leaves contains alkaloids, tanins, flavonoids, and steroids/terpenoids and showed antibacterial activity and antibiofilm against P. aeruginosa. Addition of extract can inhibit the cell attachment and was able to degrade the biofilm of 40.92% and 48.058% respectively at optimum conditions: extract concentration of 25% (v/v), temperature 37.5 °C and contact time 45 minutes. With a concentration of 25% (v/v), temperature of 50 °C and the contact time of 3 days, extract of papaya leaves can inhibit the growth of biofilms of 39.837% v/v.

Density and morphological characterization of bacteria in integrated and exclusive production systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
A. R. B. Zanco ◽  
A. Ferreira ◽  
G. C. M. Berber ◽  
E. N. Gonzaga ◽  
D. C. C. Sabino
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Exclusive Production ◽  
Colony Forming Units

The different integrated production systems can directly interfere with its bacterial community. The present study aimed to assess density, bacterial diversity and the influence of dry and rainy season in different integrated and an exclusive production system. The fallow and a native forest area was assessed to. Samples were collected in 2012 March and September. The isolation were carried out into Petri dishes containing DYGS medium. The number of colony forming units (CFU) was counted after 48 hours and. The bacterial density ranged between 106 and 107 CFU g-1 soil. The crop system affected the dynamics of the bacterial community only in the rainy season. The rainy season showed greater density of total bacteria when compared to the dry period regardless of the cropping system. The dendrograms with 80 % similarity showed thirteen and fourteen groups in the rainy and dry seasons. Isolates with the capacity to solubilize phosphate in vitro were obtained from all areas in the two seasons, but this feature has been prevalent in bacteria isolated during the rainy season

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