scholarly journals Reusable Launch Space Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Robert Tománek ◽  
Jakub Hospodka
Keyword(s):  
General Information ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Launch Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Or History

The paper focuses on reusable launch space systems. It aims to describe the current state of reusability in space systems and to analyze the launch cost of current Falcon carrier rockets.<br />The first chapter is dedicated to general information about reusable launch space systems. This includes definition of reusable and expendable launch systems or history of reusable launch systems. The second part is focused on the era after STS and new the concept of RLV. The following parts of this paper aim to analyze the launch price of current Falcon carrier rockets.

scholarly journals Literatura Normativa Pragmática e a Produção de Conhecimento Normativo nos Impérios Ibéricos do Início da Idade Moderna (Séculos XVI-XVII)

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-44
Author(s):  
Thomas Duve
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theology ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Current State ◽  
Normative Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normative Practices ◽  
The Media ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Definition Of

RESUMOEste capítulo introdutório tem por objetivo mostrar o papel da ‘literatura normativa pragmática’ no regime histórico de produção de conhecimento nos impérios ibéricos do início da modernidade (séculos XVI-XVII) e definir esse gênero literário em vista de sua função. Ele começa com uma tentativa de apresentar a história do direito dos impérios ibéricos como parte de uma tradição jurídica que pode ser compreendida como um enorme processo diacrônico de intertextualidade, uma longa história de atos reiterativos de tradução de informação normativa em conhecimento normativo. Ele destaca a razão pela qual o conhecimento normativo produzido por atores religiosos foi de grande significância dentro da economia do conhecimento dos impérios ibéricos nos séculos XVI e XVII e como teologia prática, práticas normativas e literatura pragmática estavam entrelaçadas. Dessa reconstrução de certas características fundamentais, é possível sugerir a definição de ‘literatura normativa pragmática’, resumir o atual estado das pesquisas sobre as formas de comunicação que compuseram o gênero e concluir com alguns comentários sobre porque a literatura pragmática pode ter sido de especial significância para governar um império.PALAVRAS-CHAVEHistória do direito. Teologia moral. História do Conhecimento. América Latina Colonial. História do livro jurídico.ABSTRACTThis introductory chapter aims to show the role of ‘pragmatic normative literature’ in the historical regime of knowledge production in the early modern Iberian Empires during the 16th and 17th centuries and to define this literary genre in the light of this function. It starts with an attempt to present the legal history of the Iberian empires as part of a legal tradition that can be understood as a huge diachronic process of intertextuality, a long history of reiterative acts of translating normative information into normative knowledge. It outlines why normative knowledge produced by religious actors was of overwhelming significance within the knowledge economy of the 16th- and 17th-century Iberian empires and how practical theology, normative practices and pragmatic literature were intertwined. From this reconstruction of certain fundamental characteristics, it is possible to suggest a definition of ‘pragmatic normative literature’, to summarise the current state of research on the media that comprised this genre and to conclude with some remarks on why pragmatic literature might have been of special significance for governing an empire.KEYWORDSLegal History. Moral Theology. History of Knowledge. Colonial Latin America. History of Legal Books.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. xx-16
Author(s):  
Bernice M. Kaczynski
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
To Come ◽  
Definition Of

The chapter gives an introduction to the current state of scholarship on monasticism, and it sets out an agenda for the future. It begins with a consideration of monasticism’s long historical arc, its longue durée. Few movements in the history of Christianity have had such lasting importance. The chapter then looks ahead to the great variety of monastic practices described by contributors to the volume. It draws attention to patterns of continuity and change, to recurring themes, and to major debates in the field. The experience of Christian monasticism is multifaceted, for it has assumed different forms in the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Protestant, and Anglican traditions, and in contemporary ‘new monasticism’. What, then, is Christian monasticism, and what are its essential features? It is surprisingly difficult to come to a definition of the monastic way of life, and the chapter ends with an exploration of this issue.

scholarly journals Whence Lepidic?: The History of a Canadian Neologism

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 1822-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Proper Definition ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Definition Of

The term lepidic is used prominently in the recently published multidisciplinary classification of adenocarcinoma. The lack of use in common (nonmedical) English has led to some confusion over the proper definition of this term. This historical perspective traces the history of the term lepidic from its origins at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, through its uses in English pathologic descriptions, to its current state in pulmonary pathology.

scholarly journals CONTEMPORARY ART IN THE CONTEXT OF TEACHING PRACTICES: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
N.V. Shmeleva ◽  
A.K. Saimiddinov
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
University Education ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Art Teaching ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Or History ◽  
Selection Of

The article considers the status of contemporary art in the system of university education, addresses the need for determine the boundaries of art in the framework of pedagogical practice, offers methods of analysis of contemporary art, because such university courses as "World Art Studies" (WAS) and "History of Art" have a number of specific features. Firstly, a work of art is often presented as a cultural text with significant axiological meaning and considered as a history of the development of art, but not as art itself. Secondly, the logic of teaching requires the definition of clearer tools for the selection of studied works of art. Also, the teaching methods such disciplines as "WAS" or "History of Art" are closely intertwined with methods of analyzing the existing empirical base in the field of contemporary (or near modern) art. Teaching of artistic culture of the twentieth century, as a rule, rests in an insufficient understanding of the specifics of creative practices of the Modern and Postmodern eras (if you use some kind of common periodicals), therefore, often, extrapolating an established didactic platform relating exclusively to classical art is clearly not enough.

scholarly journals History of study of the grammatical category of the voice in the Udmurt linguistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452
Author(s):  
N. V Kondratyeva ◽  
◽  
K. G. Kostina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Current State ◽  
Verbal Unit ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Voice

Introduction: the article is devoted to the study of the concepts of voice’s issues in Udmurt linguistics. The author traces the history and development of the voice forms of verbal units. Objective: to systematize and summarize the historical process of formation and universalization of scientific research in the field of study of the category of the voice of the Udmurt language. Research materials: the empirical basis of the study was the variety of approaches to the study of the voice category in the scientific research of linguists of different eras. Results and novelty of the research: based on the peculiarities of the development of methodological principles and attitudes in the study of the voice forms of the Udmurt verb, it is proposed to distinguish three stages of the study: a) the first stage (from the second half of the XVIII century to 1851) is characterized by the definition of terminology for the voice forms and their grammatical expression. The second stage (from 1851 to 1957) is characterized by a closer attention to the semantic aspect of language phenomena and to the development of terminology in the Udmurt language. A deep scientific understanding of the voice forms of the Udmurt verb began at the third stage (from 1957 to the present). During this period the structural-semantic principle dominates in the study of the considered grammatical category, providing for equal attention to the structure and semantics of a verbal unit. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the first experience of description of history and current state of the study of the question of voice in Udmurt linguistics, which opens up new prospects for the study of subject-object relations in the speech activity of a native speaker

Psychological service in law enforcement agencies: history of formation, development and current issues

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Stanislav N. Savinkov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is to analyze the formation and prerequisites for the development of psychological service in law enforcement agencies, as well as to generalize the problems that face the modern psychological service. We analyze psychological and pedagogical literature and present main stages of the development of psychological service in law enforcement agencies in Russia and abroad. We consider the works and studies of scientists who have had a significant impact, as well as contributing to the creation of psychological services in law enforcement agencies. We note the specifics of the activities of psychologists of various law enforcement agencies abroad and in Russian psychological services. We consider the current state of psychological service in law enforcement agencies, and also identify the main problems facing psychological services in the modern period, requiring the search for effective solutions. The elements that make up the success of the work of the psychological service are emphasized. The main purpose of the psychological service, its role and the dependence of the process of increasing the success of functioning are determined. The definition of a psychological service functioning in law enforcement agencies is given. The current state of the psychological service in Russia and abroad is characterized. The most important and most significant events that influenced the formation of the system of training specialists in the field of professional activity are noted. The historical method and the analysis of the literature allowed us to identify works that largely determined the directions of research, both in military and legal psychology and pedagogy, which in many ways became the basis for the creation of psychological services.

scholarly journals Prerequisites for the development of a clear social responsibility concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Andrii Yevstakhevych ◽  
◽  
Iren Karen Von-Nahy
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
History Of Formation

The concept of social responsibility has a broad interpretation due to different approaches to forming its concept, the definition of fundamental principles, methods, and ways to ensure the expected results. The term "social responsibility" should be used considering the current state of research in this area and the discourse formed under the influence of the integration of foreign experience in ensuring social responsibility and the practice of Ukrainian enterprises in this area. We considered the history of formation and development of the concept of social responsibility of enterprises in Ukraine. We noted that the approaches to the formation of the concept of social responsibility differ significantly. We emphasized that the development of a transparent concept of social responsibility should be based on the factors, content and models of this activity. We concluded that due to the crisis in the economy and society in Ukraine, the concept of social responsibility had acquired a unique regional shape. This gave rise to the lack of a unified state policy of social responsibility of business, unsystematic measures of enterprises to implement the introductory provisions, the lack of a systematic approach to the transformation of social responsibility management

scholarly journals Apoplexy, cerebrovascular disease, and stroke: Historical evolution of terms and definitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliasz Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
The Middle Ages

ABSTRACT. The long-standing concept of “apoplexy' can be followed from Antiquity, passing through the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and reaching the Modern era and the present day, with the new designation of “stroke”. The definition of “apoplexy” can be divided, by the history of autopsy, into a period predating this practice, which spanned from Antiquity until the Renaissance, with a relatively stable clinically-based umbrella concept, and an autopsy period of the Modern era, when the condition was subdivided into several subtypes. Thus, it took about 2,500 years assembling the numerous pieces of information to achieve a fairly well-defined picture. The “stroke” concept inherited the information developed for “apoplexy”, incorporating all historical acquisitions to form the current state of this knowledge.

scholarly journals Evolution of Public Service Interpreter Training in the U.S.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly M. Mikkelson
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interpreter Training ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The U.S

Abstract: This article provides an analysis of the current state of public service interpreting (or community interpreting) in theU.S., beginning with a definition of the term and proceeding with a description of how the profession has evolved over the past few decades. Since the training of public service interpreters (PSIs) is inextricably linked to how the profession is viewed (or whether it is viewed as a profession at all), the discussion of the history of PSI will necessarily include the development of educational programs along with the expansion of employment opportunities as standards and expectations have changed over the years. After tracing the evolution of such programs to the present time, the essential elements of training that scholars in the field have identified are enumerated, using them as a benchmark to see how theU.S. measures up. The article concludes with a discussion of issues that complicate the delivery of interpreter training in this country and some recommendations for the future.Resumen: Este artículo proporcionará un análisis del estado actual de la interpretación en los servicios públicos (o interpretación social) en los Estados Unidos, empezando con una definición del término y continuando con una descripción de cómo la profesión ha evolucionado en las últimas décadas. Puesto que la formación de los intérpretes en los servicios públicos (ISP) está inextricablemente relacionada con cómo se ve la profesión (o si se ve como profesión), la discusión de la historia de la ISP necesariamente incluirá el desarrollo de programas educativos junto con la expansión de las oportunidades de empleo, ya que los estándares y las expectativas han cambiado con el paso de los años. Tras mostrar la evolución de tales programas hasta el momento actual, se hará una lista de los elementos esenciales de la formación que los investigadores del campo han identificado, utilizándolos como punto de referencia para ver cómo funcionan los Estados Unidos. El artículo concluirá con una discusión de las cuestiones que complican la oferta de formación de intérpretes en este país y algunas recomendaciones para el future. 

scholarly journals Pengertian Seni sebagai Pengantar Kuliah Sejarah Seni Rupa

Humaniora ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
John Felix
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Art History ◽  
Western Art ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Design Students ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Or History

Until these days, for most people art is something that is abstract, hard to understand, and beyond their capability to understand. Every people asked about art will have their own opinion or definition about art, and these definitions are various to each other. For the student who is in the middle of class or course especialy the one that is related to art, the unpleasent impact of not knowing what is the meaning of art will be experienced in every class, especially in the History of Western Art, History of Indonesian Art or History of Graphic Design. Students who don’t understand the meaning of art will have difficult time to absorb what exactly the purpose of art is, why human made art, which item is art and which item is not art. This writing tries to explain the definition of art from several diffrent angles of view. The goal of the writing is to make the students who are in the middle of learning anything relating to art, first have an understanding about what art is. For the lecturer, this writing will give them something to make their work easy on lecturing about anything relating to art because the student has already understood about what art is.   

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