scholarly journals Control of Third Order Processes Using Optimized Synthesis PI Controller

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.24) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
G Suganya ◽  
E Govinda Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Variable Parameter ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Tuning Methods

 In closed loop system with PI controller, the most and severe problem is peak overshoot minimization in the closed loop response and tuning the proportional plus integral (PI) controller parameters. This paper deals with the two different tuning methods for obtain the PI controller settings. These methods are used to tune the parameters of PI controller and the closed loop performances of two methods are analyzed for the control of third order processes. From the closed loop responses, the time responses are move to unstable characteristics and the process variables are oscillates due to PI parameters are tuned using Ziegler-Nichols method and direct synthesis method respectively. The control loop performance of the control of third order process is improved with optimized parameters of PI controller. In direct synthesis method, the variable parameter of PI controller is obtained with Genetic algorithm. The controller parameter of PI controller is obtained from optimized variable parameters and results are reveals that the performance of closed loop is enhanced with the elimination of peak overshoot and minimization of oscillation levels in the process variables. Simulation results are confirmation that the proposed design method is better to the Ziegler-Nichols method and direct synthesis method. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the control of two different categories of third order processes.  

scholarly journals Performance of Rotary Inverted Pendulum by Different Tuning Methods in PID Controller

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2794-2797
Keyword(s):  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Pole Placement ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Tuning Method ◽  
Internal Model Controller ◽  
Tuning Methods

Now a day’s is over intelligent system is well developed to produce a complicated technique for sensible management systems .Modern world the technology is developing faster .The system has to different control techniques and various theories are updated faster. Now here control analysis of various pendulums especially cart pendulum, rotary(furuta) inverted pendulum in various techniques like Proportional Integral and Derivative controller using some different tuning techniques like Ziegler Nichols method, Direct synthesis method, pole placement method, Cohen Coon method, Internal Model Controller method. They are several tuning method are available, but we are chose to three method. The analysis of various problems from various sources and simulated it in MAT LAB. We are measure the raise time, settling time and peak over shoot. In simulation result is compare to the theoretical calculation.

scholarly journals New simple algebraic root locus method for design of feedback control systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Cingara
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Equation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Damping Coefficient ◽  
Order System ◽  
Root Locus ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Closed Loop Systems ◽  
Standard Procedures

New concept of algebraic characteristic equation decomposition method is presented to simplify the design of closed-loop systems for practical applications. The method consists of two decompositions. The first one, decomposition of the characteristic equation into two lower order equations, was performed in order to simplify the analysis and design of closed loop systems. The second is the decomposition of Laplace variable, s, into two variables, damping coefficient, ?, and natural frequency, ? n. Those two decompositions reduce the design of any order feedback systems to setting of two complex dominant poles in the desired position. In the paper, we derived explicit equations for six cases: first, second and third order system with P and PI. We got the analytical solutions for the case of fourth and fifth order characteristic equations with the P and PI controller; one may obtain a complete analytical solution of controller gain as a function of the desired damping coefficient. The complete derivation is given for the third order equation with P and PI controller. We can extend the number of specified poles to the highest order of the characteristic equation working in a similar way, so we can specify the position of each pole. The concept is similar to the root locus but root locus is implicit, which makes it more complicated and this is simpler explicit root locus. Standard procedures, root locus and Bode diagrams or Nichol Charts, are neither algebraic nor explicit. We basically change controller parameters and observe the change of some function until we get the desired specifications. The derived method has three important advantage over the standard procedures. It is general, algebraic and explicit. Those are the best poles design results possible; it is not possible to get better controller design results.

Regulation of Hydrogen Peroxide Dosage in a Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton Process

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2167
Author(s):  
Karla Estefanía Saldaña-Flores ◽  
René Alejandro Flores-Estrella ◽  
Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez ◽  
Elvis Carissimi ◽  
Bruna Gonçalves de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Curve Method

In this work, a classical linear control approach for the peroxide (H2O2) dosage in a photo-Fenton process is presented as a suitable solution for improving the efficiency in the treatment of recalcitrant organic compounds that cannot be degraded by classical wastewater treatment processes like anaerobic digestion. Experiments were carried out to degrade Lignin, Melanoidin, and Gallic acid, which are typical recalcitrant organic compounds present in some kinds of effluents such as vinasses from the Tequila and Cachaça industries. Experiments were carried in Open-Loop mode for obtaining the degradation model for the three compounds in the form of a Transfer Function, and in Closed-Loop mode for controlling the concentration of each compound. First-order Transfer Functions were obtained using the reaction curve method, and then, based on these models, the parameters of Proportional Integral controllers were calculated using the direct synthesis method. In the Closed-Loop experiments, the Total Organic Carbon removal was 39% for lignin, 7% for melanoidin, and 29% for Gallic acid, which were greater than those obtained in the Open-Loop experiments.

scholarly journals Parametric and Nonparametric PI Controller Tuning Method for Integrating Processes Based on Magnitude Optimum

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomaž Kos ◽  
Mikuláš Huba ◽  
Damir Vrančić
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Weighting Factor ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Controller Tuning ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Tuning Method ◽  
Tuning Methods

Integrating systems are frequently encountered in the oil industry (oil–water–gas separators, distillation columns), power plants, paper-production plants, polymerisation processes, and in storage tanks. Due to the non-self-regulating character of the processes, any disturbance can cause a drift of the process output signal. Therefore, efficient closed-loop control of such processes is required. There are many PI and PID controller tuning methods for integrating processes. However, it is hard to find one requiring only a simple tuning procedure on the process, while the tuning method is based either on time-domain measurements or on a process transfer function of arbitrary order, which are the advantages of the magnitude optimum multiple integration (MOMI) tuning method. In this paper, we propose the extension of the MOMI tuning method to integrating processes. Besides the mentioned advantages, the extension provides efficient closed-loop control, while PI controller parameters calculation is still based on simple algebraic expressions, making it suitable for less-demanding hardware, like simpler programmable logic controllers (PLC). Additionally, the proposed method incorporates reference weighting factor b that allows users to emphasize either the disturbance-rejection or reference-following response. The proposed extension of the MOMI method (time-domain approach) was also tested on a charge-amplifier drift-compensation system, a laboratory hydraulic plant, on an industrial autoclave, and on a solid-oxide fuel-cell temperature control. All closed-loop responses were relatively stable and fast, all in accordance with the magnitude optimum criteria.

scholarly journals Control Strategy of Three-Phase Inverter with Isolation Transformer

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 4005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Li ◽  
Qiu ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Closed Loop Control System ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
Resonant Controller ◽  
Isolation Transformer

In order to improve the control performance of a train auxiliary inverter and satisfy the requirements of power quality, harmonics, and unbalanced factor, this paper proposed a design method of a double closed-loop control system based on a complex state variable structure. The method simplifies the design process and takes full account of the effects of coupling and discretization. In the current closed-loop process, this paper analyzed the limitations of the proportional integral (PI) controller and simplified to P controller. In the voltage closed-loop, the paper employed the PI controller plus the resonant controller, designed the parameters of the PI controller. and analyzed the optimal discretization method of the resonant controller under dq axis coupling. Finally, experiments and simulations were conducted to show that the proposed method can achieve the above improvements.

Recent Advances and Need of Green Synthesis in Two-Dimensional Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joice Sophia Ponraj ◽  
Muniraj Vignesh Narayanan ◽  
Ranjith Kumar Dharman ◽  
Valanarasu Santiyagu ◽  
Ramalingam Gopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Energy Conversion And Storage ◽  
Energy Application ◽  
The Impact

: Increasing energy crisis across the globe requires immediate solutions. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are in great significance because of its application in energy storage and conversion devices but the production process significantly impacts the environment thereby posing a severe problem in the field of pollution control. Green synthesis method provides an eminent way of reduction in pollutants. This article reviews the importance of green synthesis in the energy application sector. The focus of 2D materials like graphene, MoS2, VS2 in energy storage and conversion devices are emphasized based on supporting recent reports. The emerging Li-ion batteries are widely reviewed along with their promising alternatives like Zn, Na, Mg batteries and are featured in detail. The impact of green methods in the energy application field are outlined. Moreover, future outlook in the energy sector is envisioned by proposing an increase in 2D elemental materials research.

scholarly journals Design of Optimal PID Controller withɛ-Routh Stability for Different Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
XianHong Li ◽  
HaiBin Yu ◽  
MingZhe Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Pid Controller ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Nonlinear Constraint ◽  
Order Error ◽  
Interior Method ◽  
Tank System ◽  
Tuning Methods

This paper presents a design method of the optimal proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller withɛ-Routh stability for different processes through Lyapunov approach. The optimal PID controller could be acquired by minimizing an augmented integral squared error (AISE) performance index which contains control error and at least first-order error derivative, or even may containnth-order error derivative. The optimal control problem could be transformed into a nonlinear constraint optimization (NLCO) problem via Lyapunov theorems. Therefore, optimal PID controller could be obtained by solving NLCO problem through interior method or other optimization methods. The proposed method can be applied for different processes, and optimal PID controllers under various control weight matrices andɛ-Routh stability are presented for different processes. Control weight matrix andɛ-Routh stability’s effects on system performances are studied, and different tuning methods’ system performances are also discussed.ɛ-Routh stability’s effects on disturbance rejection ability are investigated, and different tuning methods’ disturbances rejection ability is studied. To further illustrate the proposed method, experimental results of coupled water tank system (CWTS) under different set points are presented. Both simulation results and experiment results show the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Tunable Nonlinear Optical Property of MnS Nanoparticles with Different Size and Crystal Form

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Zhihao Zhang ◽  
Pengchao Li ◽  
Yuzong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Property ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Property ◽  
Nonlinear Refraction ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Crystal Forms

It is significant to study the reason that semiconductor material has adjustable third-order optical nonlinearity through crystal form and dimensions are changed. αMnS nanoparticles with different crystal forms and sizes were successfully prepared by one-step hydrothermal synthesis method and their size-limited third-order nonlinear optical property was tested by Z-scan technique with 30 ps laser pulses at 532 nm wavelength. Nanoparticles of different crystal forms exhibited different NLO (nonlinear optical) responses. γMnS had stronger NLO response than αMnS because of higher fluorescence quantum yield. Two-photon absorption and the nonlinear refraction are enhanced as size of nanoparticlesreduced. The nanoparticles had maximum NLO susceptibility which was 3.09 × 10−12 esu. Susceptibility of αMnS increased about nine times than that of largest nanoparticles. However, it was reduced when size was further decreased. This trend was explained by the effects of light induced dipole moments. And defects in αMnS nanoparticles also had effect on this nonlinear process. MnS nanoparticles had potential application value in optical limiting and optical modulation.

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