scholarly journals High-Throughput Optimization of Effective Microbes Nutrient Formulation via Automated Media Optimization System (AMOS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
A I Saharuddin ◽  
N Z M N Rashid ◽  
N S Mohd Noor ◽  
N S Abdul Rahman ◽  
A Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Throughput Optimization ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
Microwell Plate ◽  
Mrs Medium

Fortification of effective microbes (EM) such as Pediococcus acidilactici and photosynthetic bacteria in fertilizer and animal feed exhibiting effective outcomes in enhancing crops and livestock production as well as upholds sustainable agriculture concept. However, the productivity of the EM biomass stocks is unsurpassed to the demand due to non-optimized media. In this study, two sets of nutrient pair comprising of beef extract-manganese and yeast extract-glucose for P. acidilactici and photosynthetic bacteria respectively were studied. The optimum media formulated was based on the highest growth rate in 96-microwell plate system were subsequently tested in 1 L cultures volume for EM biomass production. Results showed that growth rate and dry weight of P. acidilactici in media supplemented with 64 g/L beef extract (0.145 h-1, 0.243 g) and 0.28 g/L manganese (0.1134 h-1, 0.32 g) were higher compared to control medium with an increment of 17.39 % and 54.59 % biomass productivity as compared to MRS medium respectively. Meanwhile, the growth rate and dry weight for Photosynthetic bacteria in media supplemented with 6.63 g/L glucose (0.2538 h-1, 0.167 g) and 0.44 g/L yeast extract (0.2733 h-1, 0.163 g) recorded 11.3 % and 8.73 % biomass productivity increment in comparison to the HCH medium.  

scholarly journals Growth, biomass and lipid productivity of a newly isolated tropical marine diatom, Skeletonema sp. UHO29, under different light intensities

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrayani Indrayani ◽  
Haslianti Haslianti ◽  
Asmariani Asmariani ◽  
Wellem Muskita ◽  
Abdul Muis Balubi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Lipid Productivity ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Light Intensities

Abstract. Indrayani I, Haslianti H, Asmariani A, Muskita WH, Balubi M. 2020. Growth, biomass and lipid productivity of a newly isolated tropical marine diatom, Skeletonema sp. UHO29, under different light intensities. Biodiversitas 21: 1498-1503. Light is one of the important factors affecting growth and biochemical composition of microalgae. The aim of this study was to determine growth, biomass and lipid productivity of a newly isolated marine diatom, Skeletonema sp.UHO29 under different light intensities. The Skeletonema sp. was cultured in 300 mL conical flasks containing 150 mL of f/2 medium under three different light intensities (28, 60 and 110 μmol photons m-2 s-1 ) with three replications. The cultures were incubated under ambient room temperatures, and a cycle of 12 hours light and 12 hours dark, in batch modes for two weeks. The results showed that the highest specific growth rate (0.56 d-1) was achieved at the highest light intensity (110 μmol photons m-2 s-1) and the lowest (0.11 d-1) was obtained at the lowest light intensity (28 μmol photons m-2 s-1). The highest biomass yield (0.62 g L-1) and biomass productivity (0.34 g L-1 d-1) was achieved at the highest light intensity. However, the highest lipid yield (0.175 g L-1), lipid content (28.78% ash-free dry weight) and lipid productivity (0.067 g L-1 d-1) were achieved at medium light intensity. The alga prefers high light intensity for higher growth rate and biomass productivity but it produces more lipids at medium light intensity. This study indicated that the Skeletonema sp.UHO29 is a potential species for outdoor mass cultivation and is a promising microalgal strain for use as a biodiesel feedstock due to its high growth rate, high biomass and lipid productivity.

scholarly journals Decolourization of chicken compost derived liquid fertilizer via synergic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ozonation for enhanced microalgae cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Yik Lam Kam ◽  
Man Kee Lam ◽  
Yoke Wang Cheng ◽  
Yaleeni Kanna Dasan ◽  
Sie Yon Lau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Decolorization Efficiency ◽  
Initial Ph

Compost-derived liquid fertilizers are uncostly and nutrient-enriched; however, its dark brown appearance limits light uptake of microalgae during autotrophic cultivation. Here, integrated UV irradiation/ozonation pretreatment was employed to decolourize the compost solution prior to microalgae cultivation. Aforesaid pretreatment could accomplish 16.52 % (8 h) or 40.88 % (24 h) decolorization efficiency by using optimal parameters (initial pH of 12, ozone concentration of 30 mg/L, and ozone flow rate of 3 L/min. Compared to untreated compost solution, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris grew better in the medium supplemented with decolourized compost solution (after 24 h UV irradiation/ozonation). For the autotrophic cultivation of C. vulgaris with 10 vol.% compost solution, UV irradiation/ozonation pretreatment eventually increases the microalgae dry weight, specific growth rate, and biomass productivity from 0.58 g/L, 0.14 d-1, and 0.040 g/(L·d) to 0.88 g/L, 0.19 d-1, and 0.065 g/(L·d), respectively. Furthermore, the lipid content of microalgae has been increased by 33.33% with pretreatment of compost solution.

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON RATE AND DURATION OF KERNEL DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF MAIZE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
T. W. BRUULSEMA
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Linear Kernel ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Kernel Growth

The response of rate and duration of kernel dry matter accumulation to temperatures in the range 10–25 °C was studied for two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under controlled-environment conditions. Kernel growth rates during the period of linear kernel growth increased linearly with temperature (b = 0.3 mg kernel−1 d−1 °C−1). Kernel dry weight at physiological maturity varied little among temperature treatments because the increase in kernel growth rate with increase in temperature was associated with a decline in the duration of kernel growth proportional to the increase in kernel growth rate.Key words: Zea mays L, period of linear kernel dry matter accumulation, controlled-environment conditions, kernel growth rate

Optimization of Technical Parameters on the Medium Formulation and Culture Conditions in Production of Pleurotus eryngii Liquid Spawn

2021 ◽  
pp. 1019-1036
Author(s):  
Chol Jong ◽  
MyongIl Jin ◽  
YongChol Ju ◽  
DeTian Li ◽  
HaiFeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Response Surface Analysis ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Liquid Spawn

Liquid spawn, an important technical support for industrial production of edible fungi, has some advantages, such as fast growth, strong activity, uniform quality and easy inoculation. However，the study of the fermentation parameters of Pleurotus eryngii liquid spawn is less, which cannot effectively guide the production practice. Therefore, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the production of liquid spawn and industrial production of Pleurotus eryngii, response surface analysis was used to optimize the liquid spawn formula and conditions. The best carbon and nitrogen source of liquid medium was glucose and yeast extract, respectively. The optimum formula of medium was obtained by response surface analysis. Combined with the practical operation, the formula was modified to 29.00 g/L glucose, 2.90g/L yeast extract, 0.90g/L KH2PO4 and 1.00g/L MgSO4. The effects of various factors on the dry weight of mycelia were analyzed, the results indicated that the influence follow the sequence: glucose, KH2PO4, yeast extract and MgSO4, among them, the first two factors had significant effect. The interaction between glucose and KH2PO4 had obviously effects on the dry weight of mycelia. The interaction between glucose and yeast extract had a certain effect. The optimum culture conditions of liquid spawn were obtained by response surface analysis. Combined with the actual situation, the conditions were modified to liquid volume 106.00mL/250mL, rotating speed 165.00r/min, temperature 23.60℃, initial pH 6.70. The effects of various factors on the dry weight of mycelia was analyzed, the results indicated that the influence follow the sequence: initial pH, liquid volume, temperature and rotating speed, among them, the first three factors had extremely significant effect. The interaction of liquid volume and rotating speed, temperature and initial pH had obviously effects on mycelial dry weight.

The Energy-Sources in Ontogenesis

1927 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
JOSEPH NEEDHAM
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Inorganic Substance ◽  
Absorption Intensity ◽  
Dry Substance

1. The percentage growth-rate curves for carbohydrate and protein in the chick enbryo have been determined and compared with those already in the literature for the percentage growth-rates of the whole embryo, the dry substance, the fat, and the calorific value. 2. The composition of the embryo in gm. per cent, of dry weight has been calculated and an ontogenetic succession of carbohydrate, protein, and fat, has been brought to light. These three cell-constituents are at their highest levels in the embryo at 4, 11 and 20 days of incubation respectively. This may be correlated with the succession of maximum intensities of combustion, which have the same order (about 5,8.5 and about 18 days). 3. By comparing the curves for absorption-intensity with those representing the constitution of the embryo, it has been possible to trace the passage of building-materials from the yolk and white into the embryo and to analyse still further the movements of the fat and carbohydrate fractions. 4. The concentration of the carbohydrate and protein in the water of the embryonic body has been calculated and compared with a curve already in existence for fat. 5. The curve for intensity of absorption of total foodstuff has been calculated from the results of chemical analyses. It agrees as well as can be expected at present with that calculated from the oxygen consumption and the increase of dry substance in the embryo. 6. The ratio Carbohydrate : Protein decreases during development, thus falling into line with the ratios Water : Solid, Inorganic Substance : Organic Substance, and Protein : Fat. Certain speculations arising out of these facts are discussed. 7. There is a relation of simultaneity between the combustion of carbohydrate, protein, and fat, and the part these types of molecule play in the constitution of the whole embryo.

EFFECT OF SOLID AND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF ROSSELLE (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-439
Author(s):  
K. M. Ladan ◽  
M. G. Abubakar ◽  
J. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The Study was conducted to evaluate the effect of solid and liquid organic fertilizer on growth and yield of rosselle in 2016 cropping season at Institute of Agricultural Reserve Zaria, Samaru (11011’N 07038E and 686m) and Institute of Horticultural Research Farm Bagauda (12000’N 8031”Em 488m) in Northern Guinea Savannah and Sudan Savannah Ecological Zones of above sea level Nigeria. Treatments consisted of four levels of solid poultry manure (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0) tons/ha and five levels of liquid organic manure from Grand Total Organic Fertilizer Limited (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.9) litres/ha, which were factorially combined in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Data on growth parameter were collected on plant height (cm), plant dry weight (g), leaf Area index crop growth rate (CGR) Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net assimilation rate (NAR) while data on yield parameters like number of calyx per pant, 100 seed weight (g) and  calyx yield per hectare kg/ha were collected. Results showed that plant height, plant dry weight(g), 100 seed weight(g) and calyx dry yield kg/ha had a significant increase with application of 2.0 litres/ha of liquid fertilizer than other rates. While application of solid poultry manure at 3.0ton/ha significantly increases plant height, net assimilation rate, leaf area index and calyx dry weight when compared with other rates. From the results obtained, the combination of 2.0 litres/ha liquid organic fertilizer and 3.0 ton/ha solid poultry manure produce the highest calyx yield at both location.

Aflatoxin Production in Black Currant, Blueberry and Strawberry Jams

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. PENSALA ◽  
A. NISKANEN ◽  
S. LINDROTH
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Yeast Extract Sucrose

Unsweetened and sweetened (20 and 44% sucrose) black currant, blueberry and strawberry jams with spores of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 were incubated at different temperatures and atmospheres for 0.5, 1, 2, and 6 months. Hyphal dry weight, pH of medium and aflatoxin production were examined. Also, the aflatoxin distribution between mold and jam layers was examined in jam with uncontrolled and controlled pH (initial pH 3.1–3.6 and 5.6 respectively) and in 20% yeast extract sucrose broth (initial pH 5.6) after 2 weeks of incubation. Aflatoxin was observed in black currant and strawberry jams stored at 22 and 30 C, but not in blueberry jam. Addition of sugar prevented production of aflatoxin in detectable amounts, although it enhanced fungal growth. Storage at 4 C resulted in a marked reduction in fungal growth. The high CO2 atmosphere prevented production of aflatoxin in detectable amounts in black currant and blueberry jams but not in strawberry jam. Raising the initial pH of the stored jam caused an increase in aflatoxin synthesis, although the amount of fungal mycelium, in contrast was reduced. Aflatoxin synthesis as a function of fungal growth was significantly weaker in the jams than in the yeast extract sucrose broth. The results imply that the jam raw materials, particularly blueberry, contain substances inhibiting production of atlatoxins. Alternatively, it is also possible that the jam materials contain only small amounts of nutrients necessary for synthesis of aflatoxin.

scholarly journals Root Morphology of Eight Hybrid Oil Palms Under Iron (Fe) Toxicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 013
Author(s):  
Aprilia Ike Nurmalasari ◽  
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra ◽  
Prapto Yudono
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Oil Palms ◽  
Fe Toxicity ◽  
Root Growth Rate

The research aims to study the change of morphology root characters of eight hybrid oil palms under iron toxicity (Fe). Field experiment done in arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) two factors and three blocks as replications. The first factor was Fe concentration. It consists of two levels which are concentration 0µ.g-1 and concentration 600 µg.g-1 Fe. The second factor is the hybrid of oil palms which consists of eight hybrid oil palms as Yangambi, Avros, Langkat, PPKS 239, Simalungun, PPKS 718, PPKS 540 and Dumpy. Fe was applied by pouring FeSO4 solvent for 600 µg.g-1 500 ml.-1plant.-1day-1 on two months of plants after transplanting in the main nursery. Data were collected on root morphology and plant dry weight The data were analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significanly, followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). The relationships by among variables were determined by correlation analysis. The results showed that Fe concentration 600 µg.g-1 inhibits relatively root growth rate, narrows surface area, reduces the diameter, and shrinks root volume of all hybrid oil palms tested. The slowing relatively root growth rate, narrowing of root surface area and root diameter also root volume shrinkage due to Fe stress. It was also shown that the dry weight of plants was inhibit by existing of Fe toxicity.

scholarly journals Influence of Soil Amendment on the Relative Growth Rate and Net Assimilation Rate of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna aconitifolia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
E. A. Effa ◽  
A. A. J. Mofunanya ◽  
B. A. Ngele
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Vigna Aconitifolia ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation

Background: Soil pH is one of the most important factors that contribute to crop growth and productivity. The present research was designed to assess the influence of soil amendment using organic manure and agricultural lime on the relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna aconitifolia grown on soils from different locations. Methodology: The three locations were: Akamkpa, Calabar Municipality and Odukpani. The pH for the three soil locations were 4.0, 7.0 and 9.0, respectively. The treatments were; control (0 g), OM1 (100 g organic manure), OM2 (200 g organic manure), AL1 (100 g agricultural lime), AL2 (200 g agricultural lime), OM1 + AL1 (50 g organic manure + 50 g agricultural lime) and OM2 +AL2 (100 g organic manure and 100 g agricultural lime). Results: Results obtained on the RGR of the leaf dry weight of P. vulgaris treated with OM2 was the highest (0.50 g/wk) followed by OM1 (0.41 g/wk). OM1 + AL1 had the highest RGR of the stem dry weight of P. vulgaris grown on soil from Calabar Municipality. In the RGR of the root dry weight, OM2 had the highest mean value in both plants grown on Akamkpa soil. Results obtained at 4 weeks after planting (WAP) revealed that there was significant (P<0.05) increase in NAR of plants grown on soil from Akamkpa. The highest NAR was obtained for V. aconitifolia treated with OM2 (0.0447 g/wk) followed by OM2 + AL2 (0.0057 g/wk) for both V. aconitifolia and P. vulgaris. P. vulgaris grown on Akamkpa and Odukpani soils treated with AL2 (0.0032 g/wk), OM1 + AL1 (0.0041 g/wk) and OM2+ AL2 (0.0062 g/wk) had the highest NAR at 8 WAP. Conclusion: The RGR and NAR of the two bean varieties were improved following treatments with organic manure and agricultural lime.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF SOME WHEAT GROWTH TRAITS FOR FOR FOLIAR SPRAYING WITH HUMIC AND GLUTAMIC ACID

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baqir & Zeboon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Factors

A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Unit, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during two winter seasons 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 to study the response of some growth traits for wheat Cv. Al forat to foliar spraying using with humic glutamic acid and acid. A factorial experiment was with in Randomized Complete Block Design applied three replications, it involved two factor ,first factor was glutamic acid with three concentrations (0,250,500) mg L-1, second factor was humic acid with three concentrations (0,1,2) ml L-1, have been sprayed at tillering and flowering stages. The results showed that all the studed growth traits (plant height, ,number of tillers, flag leaf area dry weight for plant , crop growth rate ,relative growth rate and biological yield) were affected  by spraying with humic acid and glutamic acid for two season concentration , 2ml -1 from humic acid was superior on most of studies traits , as for glutamic acid ,plants treated with concentrations 250 and 500 mg L-1 were produced the highest mean for studies traits but without significant difference between them in some traits .The interaction between two factors was significant on most studies growth traits .

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