scholarly journals Business English: the Quintessence of the Corporate World

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
R. Abilasha ◽  
M. Ilankumaran
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Business English ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
The Status ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The Relationship

The status of English in the global arena has become an irreplaceable and unparalleled one. The language has become apparent and prominent in the key aspects of trade and commerce for the last two decades or more. Though the first spread of the language was due to colonial expansion, it has attained a level of being considered a standard and common one for all official communications by and large particularly in the countries where a vast number of regional and native languages are spoken. English, indeed, is not the most widely spoken language on the earth if it is taken in terms of number of native speakers. It has become a prominent language as it is spoken by people around the world – 350 million of 6 billion people. In case of International business, it is the only language that has occupied a great space revealing the importance of the language. This paper brings to light how English as a language is used for business communication in the corporate sectors. The business at global level is conducted across borders of countries with English as a principal language. The use of language provides many benefits such as helping the concern grow and succeed, invigorating trust among colleagues and clients,  strengthening the relationship with everyone in and out the concern, escalating the skill set of individuals along with commanding lucrative packages and embellishing the international relationship by means of cultural understanding.  

scholarly journals “Teaching the poor of the Irish nation”: The Endeavours of the Protestant “Sons of Erin” to Educate Their Catholic “Brethren” in the Age of Catholic Agitation, 1800–1850

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Bénazech Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Irish Nationalism ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
Reciprocal Influences ◽  
British State ◽  
The Relationship

In Ireland, the Protestant missionary impetus of the early 19th century, known as the 'Second Reformation', coincided with Daniel O’Connell’s movement for the emancipation of Catholics and the Repeal of the Union which concurrently met with resounding success. As the Irish nationalist movement was becoming more and more catholicised, The Irish Society for Promoting the Education of the Native Irish through the Medium of Their Own Language promoted access to the Bible in “the pure Gaelic language and the Irish character” for both the spiritual salvation of “the [poorer] sons of Erin” and “the political repose and moral amelioration of Ireland.” Even if the Second Reformation has often been considered as an attempt at anglicising the Irish through conversion, a reassessment of the reciprocal influences of Protestant missions and Irish nationalism is timely. Therefore, this paper, relying on a wide range of archival material, intends to examine how the discourse of this Protestant society disrupted the status quo of Irish and British identities.  Was the Society’s redefinition of Irish identity, which combined a shared Irish culture with loyalty to the British state, perceived by O’Connell’s nationalist movement as a threat or an opportunity? This exploration of the relationship between Christianity and nationalism highlights the complex ties that can be found between several layered identities and disrupts the binaries of the vernacular being promoted by the champions of independence and of native languages being erased by the advocates of imperial rule.

scholarly journals English Language Anxiety and its impact on the Communicative Performance of the Learners w.r.t the Students of B-Schools in Delhi NCR, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S3) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Anxiety ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The People ◽  
Communicative Performance ◽  
The Status ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
The Relationship

English is the co-official language of India and the diversified nature of the country makes it imperative for the people to know English language even to communicate within the country. There are more than 30 regional languages spoken in India and English has become a kind of link language. In addition to this, English, in India, is required to get good jobs and promotions. This demand makes the students anxious and leads to English Language anxiety. In the Indian context, English also determines, to a large extent, the status of the people. People who speak good English are considered more educated and intelligent. English Language anxiety has a very debilitating effect on the performance of the students especially in spoken English. When the students are not able to perform well in terms of speaking; they become more anxious and lose confidence. This lack of confidence further sways them away from language learning. It has been observed that such students start refraining from even participating in conversations and discussions. The present paper aims at investigating the relationship between English language anxiety and the communicative performance of the learners. Finally, the study will make pedagogical recommendations in order to alleviate the English language anxiety of the students.

scholarly journals Language Attitude of Pakistani Under-Graduate Students towards Non-Native Speakers

sjesr ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Dr. Uzma Imtiaz ◽  
Dr. Aisha Jadoon ◽  
Ali Naqi
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
The Status ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Language Attitude

English used by native English speakers was being followed as a standard token of usage for non-native English speakers for a longer time. However, with the spread of knowledge and technology, the English language across the world has provoked a much-heated debate about these norms whether they should be followed by the non-native English speaker or not. The present paper explores the response of Pakistani undergraduate university students about the effectiveness of the non-native English model of communication by using Kachru’s monocentric model which refutes the standard model of English language to focus more on conventional norms together with native politico-cultural needs. For this purpose, this study used a close-ended questionnaire that asked the non-native English speakers responses to the audio of three different English speeches Different varieties of spoken English existing across the Pakistani society point towards the strong influence of culture over language. This research concludes that the English language has now got the status of pluricentricity based on micro-level variation, so it is impossible to rely on a single communication model for language users considering their diversity.

scholarly journals Politeness Speech on Solidarity Scale-Based Manado Malay Speakers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Thelma I. M. Wengkang ◽  
Thomas M. Senduk
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Language Choices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Problem Formulations ◽  
Language Ethics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Polite Speech

This study aims to describe the form and meaning of politeness speech on solidarity scale-based Manado Malay speakers. This study conducted in Manado city and used qualitative as a method. Observation and interviews were used as a technique of the study. The observation was used to observe the speakers of Manado Malay in using polite speech in daily social activities, whereas an interview was used by the researcher to questioning the informant about the use of polite speech in social interaction. This technique is complemented with listening, proficient, and note-taking techniques. The researcher plays a role as a key instrument who collects and analyzes the data. The source of data is the native speakers of Manado Malay who do interact in various places. Three informants who master Manado Malay were chosen. Techniques of analyzing data consist of 1) data reduction, simplified data collection, 2) data presentation, simplified data presented, categorized based on form and meaning, 3) verification, the data that has been presented were checked once more to ensure the accuracy according to the expected data, 4) conclusions, answering the predetermined problem formulations. The results showed that the social dimension, especially the solidarity scale, is a consideration for Manado Malay speakers in realizing polite speech, as well as when to use informal variants and when to use formal ones. The relationship among speakers has made them create the appropriate language choices, but language ethics that embody politeness remain a consideration. In various social interactions, occupations, religious meetings, associations, and family interactions, it turns out that Manado Malay people realize the politeness of speaking by changing command sentences into declarative sentences and asking along with the use of a flat intonation when speaking. The consideration of solidarity is the reason they speak politely, in addition to the status and formality scale.

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

Moderating Role of Gender in the Relationship between Cognitive Errors and Anxiety among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Tasnim Rehna ◽  
Rubina Hanif ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Status ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Widespread social paradigms on which the status variances are grounded in any society, gender plays pivotal role in manifestation of mental health problems (Rutter, 2007). A hefty volume of research has addressed the issue in adults nonetheless, little is vividly known about the role of gender in adolescent psychopathology. Sample: A sample of 240 adolescents (125 boys, 115 girls) aging 12-18 years was amassed from various secondary schools of Islamabad with the approval of the Federal Directorate of Education (FDE), relevant authorities of the schools and the adolescents themselves. Instruments: Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (Taylor & Spence, 1953) and Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ) by Leitenberg et al., (1986) were applied in present study. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that cognitive errors jointly accounted for 78% of variance in predicting anxiety among adolescents. Findings also exhibited that gender significantly moderated the relationship between cognitive errors and adolescent anxiety. Implications of the findings are discoursed for future research and clinical practice.

Devotional Transformation

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 237-257
Author(s):  
Ravi Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
Film Genre ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
The Status ◽  
Film Spectatorship ◽  
The Relationship

This article focuses on the specific Indian cinematic form of the Hindu devotional film genre to explore the relationship between cinema and religion. Using three important early films from the devotional oeuvre—Gopal Krishna, Sant Dnyaneshwar, and Sant Tukaram—as the primary referent, it tries to understand certain characteristic patterns in the narrative structures of these films, and the cultures of visuality and address, miraculous manifestation, and witnessing and self-transformation that they generate. These three films produced by Prabhat Studios between the years 1936 and 1940 and all directed by Vishnupant Damle and Syed Fattelal, drew upon the powerful anti-hierarchical traditions of Bhakti, devotional worship that circumvented Brahmanical forms. This article will argue that the devotional film crucially undertakes a work of transformation in the perspectives on property, and that in this engagement it particularly reviews the status of the household in its bid to generate a utopian model of unbounded community. The article will also consider the status of technologies of the miraculous that are among the central attractions of the genre, and afford a reflection on the relation between cinema technology, popular religious belief and desire, and film spectatorship.

Adolescent Language: Models, Assessment, and Links to Reading

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Goodwin ◽  
Yaacov Petscher ◽  
Jamie Tock
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Language Models ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Global Factor ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Best Fit

Various models have highlighted the complexity of language. Building on foundational ideas regarding three key aspects of language, our study contributes to the literature by 1) exploring broader conceptions of morphology, vocabulary, and syntax, 2) operationalizing this theoretical model into a gamified, standardized, computer-adaptive assessment of language for fifth to eighth grade students entitled Monster, PI, and 3) uncovering further evidence regarding the relationship between language and standardized reading comprehension via this assessment. Multiple-group item response theory (IRT) across grades show that morphology was best fit by a bifactor model of task specific factors along with a global factor related to each skill. Vocabulary was best fit by a bifactor model that identifies performance overall and on specific words. Syntax, though, was best fit by a unidimensional model. Next, Monster, PI produced reliable scores suggesting language can be assessed efficiently and precisely for students via this model. Lastly, performance on Monster, PI explained more than 50% of variance in standardized reading, suggesting operationalizing language via Monster, PI can provide meaningful understandings of the relationship between language and reading comprehension. Specifically, considering just a subset of a construct, like identification of units of meaning, explained significantly less variance in reading comprehension. This highlights the importance of considering these broader constructs. Implications indicate that future work should consider a model of language where component areas are considered broadly and contributions to reading comprehension are explored via general performance on components as well as skill level performance.

The Concept of the Political

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Schupmann
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 2 reinterprets Schmitt’s concept of the political. Schmitt argued that Weimar developments, especially the rise of mass movements politically opposed to the state and constitution, demonstrated that the state did not have any sort of monopoly over the political, contradicting the arguments made by predominant Weimar state theorists, such as Jellinek and Meinecke. Not only was the political independent of the state, Schmitt argued, but it could even be turned against it. Schmitt believed that his contemporaries’ failure to recognize the nature of the political prevented them from adequately responding to the politicization of society, inadvertently risking civil war. This chapter reanalyzes Schmitt’s political from this perspective. Without ignoring enmity, it argues that Schmitt also defines the political in terms of friendship and, importantly, “status par excellence” (the status that relativizes other statuses). It also examines the relationship between the political and Schmitt’s concept of representation.

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