scholarly journals Implications of Biosecurity in Food Safety

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-219
Author(s):  
Vijai Pal ◽  
Nagesh Tripathi ◽  
Ajay Kumar Goel
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Large Crop

Owing to growing population of world, efforts are being made to maximise food production. Food safety should not be compromised to meet the food requirement of increasing population. Biosecurity is the imperative approach to ensure food safety. This is a holistic approach that interlinks health, environment, security and trade. Increased incidents of foodborne diseases led to promotion of biosecurity as a major priority policy worldwide to curtail such incidents and ensure food safety. Microbial risk management is an essential component of food safety. National biosecurity programmes are essentially required to identify the prospective modes of introduction and spread of a disease in a country or region and to specify the control measures to curtail the risk associated with the disease. International standards for various biosecurity sectors are set mainly by Codex Alimentarius Commission, the World Organisation for Animal Health and Commission on Phytosanitary Measures, which are implemented through the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement, 1995 of World Trade Organisation. Agricultural biosecurity is of utmost importance in the countries that are large crop and animal producers, and these countries are at risk from alien pests and pathogens. Adequate biosecurity programmes are essential in all the countries to protect global environment, agriculture and biodiversity. Developing countries, particularly with large populations aiming maximised food production require stringent biosecurity approaches to provide safe and nutritious food to the people.

scholarly journals Food Safety Issues in International Trade

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Schmidt ◽  
Robert P. Bates ◽  
Douglas L. Archer ◽  
Keith R. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Food Science ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures

With the formation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, specific principles and rules were conceived. These rules, or Sanitary & Phytosanitary Measures (e.g., SPS Agreement), relate to three primary issues or concerns: food safety, animal health, and plant health. While still controversial, the WTO/SPS Agreement does provide for more detailed control of food safety concerns and for more standardization and harmonization regarding rules and regulations. This document is FSHN034, one of a series of the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, IFAS, University of Florida. Publication: March 2003.  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs100

scholarly journals Food Safety Management in Ukraine in the Context of the International Standard ISO 22000:2005

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Haccp System ◽  
Food Safety Standards

The article examines the features of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system as a factor in food safety. The principles of HACCP, formulated in the ISO 22000: 2005 standard, in the Alimentations Commission Codex are compared, as well as in accordance with the Ukrainian regulatory document "Requirements for the development of food safety standards", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on October 1, 2012 No. 590. The comparison is carried out in order to establish the compliance of the Ukrainian HACCP system with the international rules, in particular the ISO 22000: 2005 standard. Shown, that the principles of the Ukrainian HACCP system generally comply with international standards, in particular ISO 22000: 2005. This means that the legislation of Ukraine guarantees that, in compliance with it, food products originating from Ukraine comply with international requirements for the control of its manufacture. The guarantee of this is the system of control measures that are provided for by the laws of Ukraine regarding compliance with the requirements of the HACCP system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Storage Control Points and Implicated Pathogens on Fast Moving Consumer Goods in Suburbs of South-western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
O. O. Afolabi ◽  
C.C. Okonofua ◽  
M. O. Adigun ◽  
E. Dosumu ◽  
R. B. Aderoju
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Safety Control

Food borne illness prevention system will depend on the extent of food safety control in place through food production, processing, distribution, keeping food at safe temperature and using safe water and raw materials. These stages of production are some of the important points determining food safety. This suggests the need to implement strict hygienic control measures along the food production chain during manufacturing, handling, storage and commercialization of foods. Ninety samples comprising of fifteen Milo (beverage), fifteen golden Morn (cereal), fifteen Maggi (seasoning), fifteen Lucozade boost (energy drink), fifteen Gala (Sausage) and fifteen Indomie (noodles) were collected from five stores of various shops in Lagos, Agbara and Sango Ogun State, Nigeria. Samples were processed and cultured using pour plate and streak plate techniques. Samples were cultured in five media consisting of four selective media and a basal media; Maconkey agar, Mannitol Salt agar, Salmonella Shigella agar, Eosin Methylene Blue agar and Nutrient agar. Differentiation and isolation of various isolates were based on gram-staining technique and biochemical reactions using OXOID MICROBAT TM identification kits. The in vitro assay revealed the presence of five bacteria species namely Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiellia oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Morganella morganii. Prevalence of the various isolates in the culture were found to be 67.66%, 11.27%, 9.77%, 7.51% and 3.75% respectively. The highest colony count (140.6) was obtained from samples (Maggi) from Agbara while the lowest colony count (21.0) was obtained from (Milo) Sango. The mean bacteria load of the isolates was 1.0*107CFU/ml. It was concluded that the hygienic quality of the sampled fast moving consumer products in term of microbiological standards compare favourably with international benchmarks as defined by Codex Alimentarius Commission all the observed ranges of aerobic colony count fall well below the upper threshold of microbial levels for class A products.

scholarly journals Veterinary aspects of protection people`s heals and role VET departments in the sanitary food safety according to requirements OIE

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 357-361
Author(s):  
V.F. Shekel ◽  
B.M. Kurtyak ◽  
A.I. Padovsky ◽  
I.S. Dembitska
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Operational Systems ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Safety Systems

The main designs of the creating services of veterinary medicine are struggle with animal diseases and realization a series of obligatory preventive measures to control the most dangerous epizootics. The function services of veterinary medicine spreads to the intermediate chain «from farm – to slaughter» and a complete final chain «from crib – to table». Over the last decades, we have been paying attention to providing food safety from usual methods of control (so-called «good practice») to the using of food safety systems (HACCP). The work of the risk management system is extremely important, it is based on the regulation of the theses of the WTO (World Trade Organization) agreement with the SPM (sanitary and phytosanitary measures). Veterinary services have an important role in the practical implementation of the risk analysis procedure. The tasks set are based on the national legislation of each country, with clear concordance with partners – participants in international trade. In veterinary services tasks includes an important role abreast farms for informing on consultancy on the elimination and control of hazards, including the sanitary safety of feed, residual medicaments and pesticides, mycotoxins and contaminants from the environment. The meat-slaughter inspection of live animals (ante mortem) and their brawns (post mortem) are very important. The Codex for Animal Health contains recommendations for the control of serious biological hazards to animal health and human health by using the above-mentioned inspections. The Codex Alimentarius Commission lead a close cooperation in the preparation of rules that guarantee the protection of food products during the chain of production. The management of the veterinary services have to own the operational systems that allow for the supervision of inspection procedures and the exchange of information in order to achieve maximum effectiveness. Worth integrating systems of animal identification, that make it possible to constantly ascertain the farm of origin as the animals themselves, as well as tracking the processing of slaughter products during the chain. An important function of veterinary services is the issuance of sanitary certificates for both internal use and for export.

Institutional and functional support of application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in the light of WTO and EU requirements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Karpinska
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Main Body ◽  
International Level ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
World Organization ◽  
Functional Support

Problem setting. Research devoted to the coverage of the system of institutions that provide influence on the relationship of application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures. Target of research. The purpose of the study is is to describe the main institutions of the WTO, in particular, the International Convention on Plant Quarantine and Protection, the World Organization for Animal Health and the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The following scientists studied the issues of V. Nosik, A. Stativka, A. Dukhnevych, H. Grigorieva, G. Mamyshov, S. Komendantnov, N. Chuiko, T. Gulyaeva, M. Popov, A. Popova and others. However, the issues of the influence of the main institutions of the international level on the formation of national legislation in the field of SPS, as well as on the practice of its application remain not fully covered. Article’s main body. It is established that at the international level the most globally relations of the SPS are regulated within the WTO and accordingly fall under the competence of its structural parts. The WTO SPM Committee is called upon to resolve differences related to the application of these measures, to monitor the harmonization of international standards and to cooperate with international organizations concerned with food safety, and to be responsible for developing, developing and interpreting , collecting, disseminating information on the application of the SPS of the Member States and providing them with technical cooperation. Mediation is an extremely important function of the SPM Committee. It is established that in the WTO system, along with the Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, there are three important institutions that provide significant influence on the formation of rules for the application of measures and are characterized by an organic relationship, common price orientation, principles of approach and objectives. Various characteristics are revealed, which consist in the creation of special institutions in the field of institutional and functional support of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in the EU. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Analysis of the activities of WTO and EU institutions shows that the development of international (European) phytosanitary legislation occurs through the development and implementation in agricultural production of standard technologies to ensure phytosanitary well-being.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance in the farm-to-plate continuum: more than a food safety issue

2021 ◽  
pp. FSO692
Author(s):  
Luria L Founou ◽  
Raspail C Founou ◽  
Sabiha Y Essack
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Production Industry

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens to reverse the essential benefits of antibiotics, not only in humans, where decades of advancements in healthcare outcomes are endangered, but also in the food production industry. As the world moves toward Sustainable Development Goals, food safety is a critical element to improve and strengthen global health, and ensure sustainable development. Emergence of AMR in the food production industry represents a serious risk for exposed workers, their relatives and consumers. This perspective presents the challenge of AMR through the lens of food safety, by highlighting its multisectoral and multidimensional implications not only on the Sustainable Development Goals for food safety and public health but also on food security, animal health and welfare, the environment and climate, and socioeconomic development.

scholarly journals Food Safety, Fish and Listeriosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1908
Author(s):  
Alejandro De Jesús Cortés Sánchez ◽  
Martha Lorena Guzmán Robles ◽  
Rodolfo Garza Torres ◽  
Luis Daniel Espinosa Chaurand ◽  
Mayra Diaz Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Haccp System ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Microbiological Criteria

Listeria monocytogenes is a food pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a relevant disease in public health worldwide. The genus Listeria spp., corresponds to cosmopolitan bacteria and capable of surviving different adverse conditions, which increases the risk for the food to be contaminated at any stage of the food chain. Fish and fish products are foods of high production level and, due to their chemical or nutritional composition, are highly susceptible to deterioration and contamination by pathogens in their productive chain relating to cases of listeriosis. Derived from the incidence and human mortality due to causative agents of listeriosis, along with their resistance to antimicrobials, they have acquired a greater emphasis on human health, animal health and food industry, resulting in the implementation of safety systems such as good hygiene practices, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system, analytical methods and microbiological criteria, as some of the actions to contribute to the food safety and public health protection. The purpose of this review document is to provide, in a general way, aspects involved in foodborne illnesses, specifically listeriosis and its association with fish as a transmitting food, considering the prevention and control measures of this disease through food. It also includes aspects related to antimicrobial resistance by bacterial isolates obtained from fish, their implications and health risks.

scholarly journals A review of methods for assessing and managing market access and biosecurity risks using systems approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Jamieson ◽  
H.N. DeSilva ◽  
S.P. Worner ◽  
D.J. Rogers ◽  
M.G. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Systems Approaches ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures

Systems approaches to managing risks on a pathway are increasingly seen as alternatives to singlepoint risk management treatments applied at the border One key challenge of systems approaches is the difficulty in measuring risk management effectiveness across an entire pathway comprising many complex processes The World Trade Organisation (WTO) agreement on the application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures (SPS) states that measures must be applied only to the extent required to achieve an appropriate degree of sanitary/phytosanitary protection (not unnecessarily traderestrictive) and must use sciencebased risk assessment The framework for import risk analysis within the scope of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) is outlined in the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs) Although a systems approach and independent risk reduction system processes are described in various ISPMs the methodology for determining risk across an entire pathway with complex processes is not This contribution reviews methodologies with potential for such use

scholarly journals Quantitative decision making in animal health surveillance: Bovine Tuberculosis Surveillance in Belgium as case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Welby ◽  
Mickael Cargnel ◽  
Claude Saegerman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
System Sensitivity ◽  
Iteration Model

Introduction: Despite eradication and control measures applied across Europe, bovine tuberculosis (bTB) remains a constant threat. In Belgium, after several years of bTB disease freedom status, routine movement testing, as currently practiced, revealed itself inadequate to detect some sporadic breakdown herds. The aim of this study was to strike the balance between cost and effectiveness of different surveillance system components to identify sustainable alternatives for early detection and substantiation of freedom of bTB while maintaining acceptance of these amongst the different animal health stakeholders. Methods: Stochastic iteration model was built to simulate, first, the expected current surveillance system performance in terms of sensitivity and specificity of detection. These results were then descriptively compared to observed field results. Secondly, the cost and effectiveness of simulated alternative surveillance components were quantified. To measure impact of key assumptions (i.e. regarding diagnostic tests and true prevalence), sensitivity analysis was performed. Results: Discrepancies between the predicted and observed performance of bTB surveillance in Belgium were observed. Secondly, simulated alternatives revealed that targeted IFN-γ as well serological testing with Antibody ELISA towards risk herds would enable increasing the overall cost and effectiveness of the Belgian bTB surveillance system. Sensitivity analysis showed that results remained constant despite modification of some key assumptions. Discussion: Performance of current bTB surveillance system performance in Belgium was questionable. This exercise highlighted that not only sensitivity, but specificity is a key driver for surveillance performance. The quantitative and participative conceptual framework revealed itself a useful tool to allow evidence-based decision making regarding future tuberculosis surveillance in Belgium, as required by the international standards.

scholarly journals Scientific Principles of Food Safety in the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

Lentera Hukum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Adiwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Member State ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Trade Dispute ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Available Information

Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) is a procedure to protect human, animal or plant life or health set in Article XX(b) of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). This Agreement authorizes the government to arrange a policy, but this domestic measure often results in a trade dispute. Therefore, this study enquires to extent measure on the scientific principles in food safety comply with Article XX (b) GATT. In the context, each WTO Member State has two options to show that measures of handling problems related to SPS are based on science, as outlined in Article XX (b) GATT must be measured by scientific principles. First, actions can be based on international standards so that each member state must adopt the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Second, actions can be based on Scientific Risk Assessment. SPS Agreement recognizes the right of states to maintain standards that are more stringent than international standards, or because international standards do not exist. Relevant scientific principles are useful for measurable events that have scientific information beforehand so that the state's policy can be guided by the existing measures. In vice versa, members may temporarily determine sanitary or phytosanitary actions based on available information. KEYWORDS: Scientific Principles, Food Safety, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, World Trade Organization.

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