scholarly journals Short-term temperature variability in a tropical Andean city Manizales, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Jeannette Zambrano Nájera ◽  
Victor Delgado ◽  
Jorge Julian Vélez Upegui
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The City

The climatic variability in the Tropical Andes area is high, both spatially and temporally, and its analysis must be carried out both in the short and long term depending on the available information. This type of spatial-temporal analysis provides tools for planning and environmental management in urban areas, given its high complexity. This investigation focuses on a diagnosis of the diurnal cycle and the analysis of the monthly temperature structure in 13 stations located in the city of Manizales, Caldas (Colombia). This applied research aims to understand the behavior of the temperature in a tropical Andes city in Colombia, where the spatial-temporal complexity of this variable improve the urban and hydrological planning strategies. Results correspond to what has been previously defined by other authors for the Andean zone: city temperature shows very stable patrons, yet important variations in temperature range across the city are appreciated during the day.

Changes in Hospitalization for Ischemic Heart Disease After the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake: 10 Years of Data in a Population of 300,000

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisen Huang ◽  
Dejia Huang ◽  
Dingxiu He ◽  
Joris van Loenhout ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sichuan Earthquake ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Incidence Of Hospitalization ◽  
The City

AbstractObjectiveThe effects of earthquakes on ischemic heart disease (IHD) have often been reported. At a population level, this study examined short-term (60-day) and long-term (5-year) hospitalization events for IHD after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.MethodsWe examined the 10-year medical hospitalization records on IHD in the city of Deyang provided by the Urban Employee Basic Health Insurance program.ResultsEvaluation of 19,083 hospitalizations showed a significantly lower proportional number and cost of hospitalizations in the 60 days after the earthquake (P<0.001). Hospitalizations were 27.81% lower than would have been expected in a normal year; costs were 32.53% lower. However, in the 5 years after the earthquake, the age-adjusted annual incidence of hospitalization increased significantly (P<0.001). In the fifth year after the earthquake, it was significantly higher in the extremely hard-hit area than in the hard-hit area (P<0.01).ConclusionAfter the 2008 earthquake, short- and long-term patterns of hospitalization for IHD changed greatly, but in different ways. Our findings suggest that medical resources for IHD should be distributed dynamically over time after an earthquake. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:203–210)

Towards reproducible pluvial flood simulation in urban areas with TELEMAC-2D

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pilz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Pluvial Flooding ◽  
Severe Flood ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Model Setup ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The City

&lt;p&gt;The megacity of Lagos, Nigeria, is subject to recurrent severe flood events as a consequence of extreme rainfall. In addition, climate change might exacerbate this problem by increasing rainfall intensities. To study the hazard of pluvial flooding in urban areas, several complex hydraulic models exist with a high demand in terms of required input data, manual preprocessing, and computational power. However, for many regions in the world only insufficient local information is available. Moreover, the complexity of model setup prevents reproducible model initialisation and application. This conference contribution addresses these issues by an example application of the complex hydrodynamic model TELEMAC-2D for the city of Lagos. The complex initialisation procedure is simplified by the new package &amp;#8216;telemac&amp;#8217; for the statistical environment R. A workflow will be presented that illustrates the functionality of the package and the use of publicly available information, such as free DEMs and Openstreetmap data to cope with the problem of insufficient local information. By further analysis and visualisation procedures along the workflow the increasing hazard of pluvial flooding for Lagos is shown. The workflow makes model initialisation, application, and the analysis of results reproducible and applicable to other regions with a relatively low need for manual user interventions and without additional software other than R and TELEMAC-2D.&lt;/p&gt;

Post-Disaster Urban Recovery Monitoring in Pisco After the 2007 Peru Earthquake Using Satellite Image

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyo Hoshi ◽  
◽  
Osamu Murao ◽  
Kunihiko Yoshino ◽  
Fumio Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Post Disaster

Pisco was the area most damaged by the 2007 Peru earthquake. The purpose of this research is to develop possibilities of using satellite imagery to monitor postdisaster urban recovery processes, focusing on the urban change in Pisco between 2007 and 2011. To this end, the authors carried out field surveys in the city in 2012 and 2013 and also examined previous surveys to determine that building reconstruction peaked between 2008 and 2009. After analyzing the five-year recovery process, the authors compared its reconstruction conditions by visual interpretation with those by image analysis using satellite image. An accuracy of 71.2% was achieved for the visual interpretation results in congested urban areas, and that for developed districts was about 60%. The result shows that satellite imagery can be a useful tool for monitoring and understanding post-disaster urban recovery processes in the areas in which conducting long-term field survey is difficult.

scholarly journals Microbiological Air Monitoring and Long-Term Evaluations of Selected Urban Areas in the City of Tirana

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Erjon Troja ◽  
Luljeta Pinguli ◽  
Rozana Troja ◽  
Eltion Dhamo ◽  
Elena Muça
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
National Program ◽  
Scientific Evaluation ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
The City

The described experimental study, performed over the years, includes the quantitative and qualitative monitoring of the presence of microorganisms of air in outdoor and indoor environments of the Albanian Capital, Tirana, during a time when large demographic movements, accompanied by important urban interventions and infrastructural changes, have been part of our lives. A project, part of the National Program in Biotechnology (R & D—the year 2000), was the first support to obtain a database on microbiological air pollution in selected urban areas in Tirana and isolate and identify specific air microbial pollutants. The results obtained were an incentive to continue further with additional scientific evaluation monitoring research, which included the years 2011 to 2015 and then those of 2016–2020. Over the years, there has been a significant reduction in pollutant microbial loads (for selected outdoor areas of the center of Tirana, the total discovered loads decreased from values of the order 105–106, to currently about 102, for the same areas). A fluctuation in indoor microbial loads was observed in many cases. Additionally, a prominent presence of typical environmental fungi pollutants such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, as well as bacterial pollutants, cocci, and bacilli (typical Bacillus megatherium) was identified during a Total Viable Count (TVC) and other microbiological tests of identification.

scholarly journals Dalkurd FF

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (supl) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Tiago Duarte Dias
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
First Year ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Local Institution ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The City ◽  
Do So

As the whole world struggles with the appearance of a large-scale pandemic, individuals and institutions begin to cope with the perspective of both short and long-term changes to their plans. What had been planned out by many during January and February of 2020, no longer became feasible already during the following months. Thus, with the impossibility of knowing for how long this situation will persist, both individuals and institutions have changed their plans with a focus on when the situation will reverse to a degree of normalcy. This article aims to briefly understand and analyses the strategies centered around a Swedish football club founded by Kurdish individuals regarded to the consequences of the coronavirus crisis in the country. Both fans and employees at the club have changed their strategies regarding the first year they would be playing in their new hometown of Uppsala. The author will argue that, although, the crisis has changed their strategy and hampered their plans of becoming a local institution, it has not, in fact, changed their plans to be an integrated part of the city, but it has provided the club with newer opportunities to do so.

scholarly journals Integrasi Daya Tarik Wisata Kota Denpasar Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
City Tourism ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
The City

The model of the development of an integrated city tourism urgently to be done for the short- term and long-term. Develop urban area is an attempt to increase revenue through taxes hotels, restaurants, and simultaneously increase the economic activity in urban areas. The good management of the city tourism will realize the satisfaction of all parties. Some of the cities in Indonesia deserves to be developed as a city tourism when viewed from multiple components as tourism attractions. These components are like: the town hall, roads that meaningful myth, historical monuments, culinary, college or university, shopping malls, traditional markets, squares, parks, museums, fairs, and other attractions. To be able to make it as a tourist product, the necessary integration related aspects comprising aspects of the attraction of the city, the transportation aspect, the aspect of main and supporting facilities, and institutional aspects such as the attributes of human resources, systems, and other related institutions. The city of Denpasar as as a business center of the activity in case the tourists both domestic and foreign tourists, require restructuring. Structuring urgent to do is structuring the local community business centers, the arrangement of lodges or hotels, and the area attractions management.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of Access to Safe Drinking Water on Children’s Nutritional Status in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Ryota Nakamura ◽  
◽  
Takumi Kondo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

This study analyzed the effects of access to safe drinking water on the nutritional status of children under the age of 59 months in urban and rural areas in Indonesia using the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5. Both piped water and packaged water were considered safe to drink. The descriptive statistics show that children in rural areas typically had insufficient access to safe drinking water and children who consumed safe drinking water had higher short- and long-term nutrition levels. To mitigate selection bias due to the non-random distribution of access to safe drinking water, a matching estimation was used to quantitatively determine the effects of access to safe drinking water on child nutrition. The provision of safe drinking water improved the short- and long-term nutritional status of children in rural areas but had no significant effect to that of children in urban areas. A simulation of this effect on child nutrition shows that in rural areas, improved access to safe drinking water decreases the stunting ratio by 13 percentage points and the wasting ratio by 6.1 percentage points. Additionally, both household income levels and community drinking water prices are important determinants of access to safe drinking water. Therefore, access to safe drinking water is necessary to improve the nutritional status of children in rural Indonesia, and community characteristics contribute to access.

scholarly journals Human Resource for Climate Change Policy Implementation in Ho Chi Minh City: Situation and Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngo Hoai Son ◽  
Nguyen Van Hoa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
The Core ◽  
Climate Change Response ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Change Response ◽  
The City

As severely affected by climate change, Ho Chi Minh City needs to focus on developing human resource for its climate change response policy. This is because human resource is a key factor fora successful response. The paper uses secondary data from the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Ho Chi Minh City to analyze the current situation of human resources for climate change of the city, which is devided into 02 main groups as core and complementary groups. The data show that, although the core group is high qualified, it lacks staffs with deep expertise in policy and climate change. For the complementary group, the city has not focused on training in both short and long term. In order to improve the effectiveness of climate change response in the coming years, Ho Chi Minh City needs to implement at least 03 solutions: (01) recruiting additional staffs with expertise in policies and climate change; (02) promote training for the core personnels; and (03) statistics, build and implement in short and long-term training plans for complementary staffs.

scholarly journals Diversity and natural history of birds in green urban areas of the city of Quito, Ecuador (America)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Eliana Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
American Kestrel ◽  
Bird Richness ◽  
Ecological Complexity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
The City

The diversity and ecology of urban bird communities have been extensively studied in Neartic and Paleartic areas, however, little is known about urban Neotropical areas. Quito, capital city of Ecuador, is located on a highland valley in the megadiverse tropical Andes. Founded in 1534, Quito did not increase significantly its urban area until the late 19th century, growing at an accelerated and unplanned rate during the 20th century. More than 100 species were known to inhabit in Quito at the end of the 19th century. Currently, most authors estimated that no more than 40 species occur in Quito, although no systematic bird studies have been conducted. Our research is a first approach to the avifauna of Quito, surveying the diversity living in green urban areas within the city borders. We used two field methodologies, i.e. line transects and point counts, to survey 16 green urban areas over 12 months. We recorded 65 species of birds, belonging to 20 families and 9 orders. Three species were the most common and frequent: Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata, Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis, and Great Thrush Turdus fuscater, being omnivores and granivores adapted to anthropic habitats with low ecological complexity. Six species were equally common but not as frequent: American Kestrel Falco sparverius, Sparkling Violetear Colibri coruscans, Black-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia victoriae, Brown-bellied Swallow Oreochelidon murina, Black Flowerpiercer Diglossa humeralis, and Cinereous Conebill Conirostrum cinereum, being nectarivores or small predators. All other species were either uncommon or rare, mainly insectivores and frugivores that prefer wildlife habitats with mid/high ecological complexity, and restricted to large urban parks with patches of native vegetation. We found a negative correlation between human impact and bird richness in all studied areas. These data provide important information to encourage better urban practices and to promote conservation and recovery of Quito’s native wildlife.

Animal Placental Therapy: An emerging tool for Health Care.

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Md Mumtaz ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal ◽  
A. Najeerul Ameen ◽  
Bazikov Igor Alexandrovich ◽  
Madhu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Long Term Adverse Effects ◽  
Placental Extract

Background: The placenta maintains and regulates the growth of foetus and consists of various biologically active nutrients such as cytomedines, vitamins, trace elements, amino acids, peptides, growth factors and other biologically active constituents. Introduction: The therapeutic effectiveness of the placenta can be well defined with respect to several biochemical mechanisms of various components present in it. The placental extract derived from biomedical wastes has also shown a great potential for treatment of various diseases. Method: Placental therapy has been reported specifically to have potent action on treatment of diseases and tissue regeneration. Result: Placental bioactive components and their multi-targeting identity prompted us to compile the précised information on placental extract products. However, some findings are needed to be explored by scientific community to prove their clinical potential with significant statistical validation. Conclusion: In the light of available information and the usefulness of the placental extract, it is necessary that the formulations of various desirable properties may be developed to meet the clinical requirements in several treatment paradigms. It is also a matter of exploration that the short- and long-term adverse effects to be explored by advanced scientific techniques.

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