scholarly journals Imagination der Bewegung durch Vibrationsreize – ein neuer Ansatz in der Frühmobilisation auf der Intensivstation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
M. Lippert-Grüner ◽  
B. Bakaláø ◽  
R. Zajíèek ◽  
F. Duška
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Vibration Effect ◽  
Illusory Movement

Zusammenfassung Die Optimierung der motorischen Leistung und die Einbindung und Vernetzung bisher nicht verwendeter motorischer Einheiten sowie die vermehrte Ausschüttung neurotropher Faktoren sind zentrale Mechanismen der Vibrationswirkung, die therapeutisch auf einzelne Körperteile oder den gesamten Körper angewendet werden können. Eine Möglichkeit, die Frühmobilisation bei kritisch kranken Patienten effektiver zu gestalten und immobilitätsbedingten Veränderungen vorzubeugen, könnte die Verwendung des Vibramoov™-Systems sein. Gezielt programmierte Vibrationssequenzen stimulieren hier das Nervensystem mit sensorischen Informationen, die die Empfindung einer Bewegung nachahmen (z. B. des Gehens) und somit Regenerations- und Reor-ganisationsprozesse im zentralen Nervensystem unterstützen können. Von Bedeutung ist dieser Therapieansatz vor allem bei Patienten, bei denen aufgrund ihres Zustandes konventionelle Maßnahmen nicht oder nur eingeschränkt durchgeführt werden können. Da bisher keine Erfah-rungen zur Anwendung bei intensivpflichtigen Patienten verfügbar sind, wurde eine Pilotstudie durchgeführt mit der Fragestellung, ob diese Therapieform sicher ist und im normalen Betrieb auf der Intensivstation verwendet werden kann. Die Ergebnisse der Pilotstudie mit fünf Patienten zei-gen, dass die Anwendung von Vibramoov™ zu keiner wesentlichen Veränderung kardiopulmo-naler Parameter im Sinne einer Non-Toleranz führte und im klinischen Setting gut umsetzbar war. Schlüsselwörter: Frührehabilitation, Imagination von Bewegung, Intensivstation, Vibramoov™ Imagination of movement through vibrational stimuli – a new approach to early mobilization in intensive care units? A pilot study Abstract The optimization of motor performance and the integration and networking of previously unused motor units, as well as the increased release of neurotrophic factors, are central mechanisms related to the vibration effect that can be applied therapeutically to individual parts of the body or to the entire body. One way to make early mobilization more effective in critically ill patients and to prevent changes due to immobility could be rehabilitation with functional proprioceptive stimulation, also known as “illusory movement”. Specifically programmed vibration sequences stimulate the nervous system with sensory information that mimics the sensation of movement (e. g., walking) and can thus support regeneration and reorganization processes in the central nervous system. This therapeutic approach is particularly important for patients who, due to their condition, cannot – or only to a limited extent – carry out conventional measures. Since no experience has so far been available for use in intensive care patients, we carried out a pilot study to answer the question of whether this form of therapy can be used safely and in normal operations in the intensive care unit. The results of the pilot study with 5 patients showed that the use of Vibramoov™ did not lead to any significant change in cardiopulmonary parameters in terms of non-tolerance and was easy to implement in a clinical setting. Keywords: early rehabilitation, illusory movements, ICU, functional proprio-ceptive stimulation

Kirlian Experimental Analysis and IoT

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Rohit Rastogi ◽  
Mamta Saxena ◽  
Devendra K. Chaturvedi ◽  
Mayank Gupta ◽  
Akshit Rajan Rastogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Charged Ions ◽  
The Brain

Our entire body, including the brain and nervous system, works with the help of various kinds of biological stuff which includes positively charged ions of elements like sodium, potassium, and calcium. The different body parts have different energy levels, and by measuring the energy level, we can also measure the fitness of an individual. Moreover, this energy and fitness are directly related to mental health and the signals being transmitted between the brain and other parts of the body. Various activities like walking, talking, eating, and thinking are performed with the help of these transmission signals. Another critical role played by them is that it helps in examining the mechanisms of cells present at various places in the human body and signaling the nervous system and brain if they are properly functioning or not. This manuscript is divided into two parts where, in the first part, it provides the introduction, background, and extensive literature survey on Kirlian experiments to measure the human's organ energy.

Major sensory and motor systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin E. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
No Value ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Motor Pathways ◽  
Sensory Pathways ◽  
And Function

The previous chapter provided an overview of the anatomy of the CNS, concentrating on structures that can be seen during dissection of the human brain and spinal cord or the study of anatomical models of these structures. Some indication of the function of different components of the CNS has been given in Chapter 15, but this chapter shows how the various anatomical components of the CNS are functionally linked together through sensory and motor pathways. These pathways enable the nervous system to convey information over considerable distances, to integrate the information, and formulate functional responses that coordinate activities of different parts of the body. It will be necessary to introduce some other structures in addition to those described in Chapter 15 during the description of major pathways; most are not visible to the naked eye and even when seen in microscopical sections, they require considerable practice to distinguish them. However, they are important landmarks or relay stations in the central nervous pathways and you need to know of them for a full understanding of pathways. As emphasized in Chapter 14, our views of the structure and function of many aspects of the nervous system are constantly subject to revision in the light of new clinical and experimental observations and methods of investigation. This applies to nerve pathways just as much as any other aspect of the nervous system. This chapter presents a summary of current views on somatic sensory and motor functions and their application to the practice of dentistry. The special sensory pathways of olfaction, vision, and hearing are described in Chapter 18 in the context of the cranial nerves that form the first part of these pathways. The information conveyed from the periphery by the sensory components of spinal and cranial nerves is destined to reach the cerebral cortex or the cerebellum. You will be conscious of sensory information that reaches the cerebral cortex, but mostly unaware of information that does not travel to the cortex. However, this does not mean that sensory information that does not attain cortical levels is of no value. For example, sensory neurons or their collateral processes form the afferent limbs of many reflex arcs.

Cardiovascular and respiratory control mechanisms during exercise: an integrated view

1991 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-340
Author(s):  
D. L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Coding ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Motor Command ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerves ◽  
Sites Of Action

Exercise can impose an immense stress upon many physiological systems throughout the body. In order that exercise performance may be optimally maintained, it is essential that a profound and complex series of responses is coordinated and controlled. The primary site for coordination is the central nervous system, whereas control mechanisms (both feedback loops and feedforward activation) involve complex sensory information, often in the form of neural coding but also in the form of blood-borne chemical signals, a number of levels of peripheral and central integration and, finally, the efferent branches of the nervous system coursing via sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves to target sites of action. The neurohumoral control of the cardiorespiratory responses to exercise has received intense attention for over two decades and some particularly important steps forward in its understanding have occurred within the last 10 years. The initial fast increase (phase 1) in cardiovascular and ventilatory flow parameters are brought about by neurally mediated muscle mechanoreceptor feedback reflexes and a feedforward ‘central motor command’. The blood pressure operating point is also raised by a combination of these two neural mechanisms. Fine control of the matching of cardiac output to ventilation may occur by means of a feedforward ventilatory control of cardiac origin. During the slower phase of adjustment (phase 2), the neurally mediated mechanisms are augmented by a cohort of humorally mediated feedback reflexes involving muscle and vascular chemoreceptors as well as being supported by central neural reverberation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals THERAPEUTIC USES OF NASYA KARMA: CONCEPTUAL CRITICAL REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
Rahul Parihar ◽  
Suman Dadhich
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Purification Procedure ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Therapeutic Measure ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Diseased Condition

Nasa (Nose) is an Indriya, which works not only to perceive the smell but also to provide the main breathing pathway, along with this, Nasa is one of the drug administration pathways. Acharyas have been placed Nasya as one of the Panchkarma procedures, which signify the importance of Nasya as Shodhana Karma (Purification procedure) especially for Urddhva-jatrugata Vikara (disease which affect the body above clavicle). Nasya Karma is a therapeutic measure in which the drug (Medicated Oil/Ghee/ Decoction/ Powder/Smoke etc.) is administered by Nasa (Nose) essentially to remove the vitiated Dosha found in Shira and its constituent parts. Indirectly, by enhancing the functions of the endocrine glands and nervous system, Nasya can operate on the entire body. In classics Nasya is mentioned in different type of supra-clavicular as well as in systemic diseases. So present review article focused on the therapeutic uses of Nasya Karma in different diseased condition which are proven by clinical researches.

Anticipation requires adaptation

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-200
Author(s):  
Christian Balkenius ◽  
Peter Gärdenfors
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Predictive Mechanisms ◽  
Different Time Scales

AbstractTo successfully interact with a dynamic world, our actions must be guided by a continuously changing anticipated future. Such anticipations must be tuned to the processing delays in the nervous system as well as to the slowness of the body, something that requires constant adaptation of the predictive mechanisms, which in turn require that sensory information be processed at different time-scales.

Nerve and muscle

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Excitable Cells ◽  
Chemical Synapses

Higher animals have four basic tissue types: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, and muscle. Of these, nerve and muscle are grouped together as ‘excitable cells’ because the cell membrane has the ability to vary membrane ion conductance and membrane voltage so as to transmit meaningful signals within and between cells. Within excitable cells information is transmitted using either an amplitude-modulated (AM) code using slow, electrotonic potentials, or a frequency-modulated (FM) code when signalling is by action potentials. Much of the signalling between excitable cells occurs at chemical synapses where a chemical neurotransmitter is released from presynaptic cells and then interacts with postsynaptic membrane receptors. Clinical symptoms can arise when the release of chemical neurotransmitters is disturbed, or when availability of postsynaptic receptors is altered. Thus, a reduction in dopamine release from basal ganglia substantia nigra cells is found in Parkinson’s disease, while myasthenia gravis results from loss of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle. Sometimes transmission from cell to cell is not by chemical neurotransmitter but by electrical synapses, where gap-junctions provide direct electrical connectivity. Transmission between cardiac muscle cells occurs in this way. Some cardiac arrhythmias, such as Wolff –Parkinson–White syndrome, are a consequence of an abnormal path of electrical conduction between cardiac muscle fibres. Sensory cells on and within the body pass information via afferent pathways from the peripheral nervous system into the central nervous system (CNS). CNS processes and sensory information are integrated to produce outputs from the CNS. These outputs pass by various efferent routes to the effector organs: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands. It is through these effectors that the CNS is able to exert control over the body and to interact with the environment. Alterations of function anywhere in the afferent, integrative, or efferent aspects of the system, as well as defects in the effectors themselves, are likely to lead to significant clinical symptoms and signs. The efferent outflow from the CNS has two major components. One, the somatic nervous system, innervates only skeletal muscle. The other is the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and the glands of the viscera and skin.

scholarly journals «Язык» тела: тело в трансляции сенсорной информации в традиционном мировоззрении тюрко-монгольских народов

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-495
Author(s):  
Marina M. Sodnompilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Right

The article aims to study the information context of the body signs and the perception of this information by Inner Asian nomads in terms of man and nature interaction. Methods. The research is based on general scientific methods and particular methods of historical science, such as the historical-comparative research method and the method of cultural-historical reconstruction. Materials. In terms of studies of humans as social and biological beings, it is relevant to examine the human body in the system of traditional somatic representations of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Inner Asia. In their worldview, the human body represents a specialized “map” of messages of a physiological nature, where organs and body parts were seen as symmetrical and their messages were perceived as negative or positive, depending on location on the left or on the right. Of relevance was also whether the sign came from the upper or lower part of a particular organ. Special attention was paid to the “movements” of the liver and the heart. Conclusions. The study shows that the world that surrounds a person appeared as a complex multidimensional information space, with sensory information playing an important part in its perception. This information was not limited to images created by the senses. In fact, the entire body, including internal organs, was perceived as such a conductor, with various manifestations of a physiological nature, such as trembling, noises, itching, and pains serving as “messages”. Individuals that had special body sensitivity were described as those of “open flesh” or of “light bones”; these were usually the only child in the family or one of the twins.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE-AGE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STATE OF THE NEUROVEGATIVE REGULATION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN INTENSIVE CARE PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
D. Shkrupii ◽  
A. Mogylnyk ◽  
E. Sonnik
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Aspect ◽  
Gastrointestinal Failure

Introduction. The autonomic nervous system is considered to be the leading adapter of the body to changing conditions of existence The intestine is subjected to massive irritating effects, and therefore is actively regulated by the autonomic nervous system, and itself, at the same time, is its regulator. In intensive care conditions, autonomic reactions change under the influence of critical state inducers. The purpose of the study: a comparative analysis of the neurovegetative regulation of the gastrointestinal tract in patients under intensive care in an age-related aspect. Materials and methods. Under observation were 70 patients in need of intensive care. Of these, 30 are children of the first month of life and 40 are adult patients. The study applied methods of cardiointervalography and assessment of the degree of gastrointestinal failure syndrome. The results of the study. The analysis of cardiointervalograms showed a relatively equal tension of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system, regardless of age. However, in children, in comparison with adults, a more pronounced relative dysbalance of autonomic regulation in favor of humoral sympathetic influences is noted, which significantly increases the stress index in childhood. Despite the pronounced activity of the humoral channel for regulating autonomic homeostasis, it was not a factor affecting the severity of gastrointestinal failure syndrome. Therefore, this factor may be trigger in the formation of intestinal dysfunction, but not determining in the formation of its severity. Correlation in the adult group indicates the predominance of parasympathetic influences in the formation of gastrointestinal failure syndrome. Among children, unlike adults, the formation of this syndrome is associated not only with changes in the parasympathetic department, but with hypersympaticotonia. Conclusions. Regardless of the age, in patients with intensive care, an increase in tension of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system is noted. In children, compared with adults, a markedly pronounced activity of humoral sympathetic influences was noted. At the same time, parasympathetic activity is the decisive factor in the progression of gastrointestinal failure syndrome in adults, and hypersympathicotonia in children. 

Neuron-glia relationship during the early postembryonic development of the nervous system in some oligochaetes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
Wiktor Djaczenko ◽  
Carmen Calenda Cimmino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

The simplicity of the developing nervous system of oligochaetes makes of it an excellent model for the study of the relationships between glia and neurons. In the present communication we describe the relationships between glia and neurons in the early periods of post-embryonic development in some species of oligochaetes.Tubifex tubifex (Mull. ) and Octolasium complanatum (Dugès) specimens starting from 0. 3 mm of body length were collected from laboratory cultures divided into three groups each group fixed separately by one of the following methods: (a) 4% glutaraldehyde and 1% acrolein fixation followed by osmium tetroxide, (b) TAPO technique, (c) ruthenium red method.Our observations concern the early period of the postembryonic development of the nervous system in oligochaetes. During this period neurons occupy fixed positions in the body the only observable change being the increase in volume of their perikaryons. Perikaryons of glial cells were located at some distance from neurons. Long cytoplasmic processes of glial cells tended to approach the neurons. The superimposed contours of glial cell processes designed from electron micrographs, taken at the same magnification, typical for five successive growth stages of the nervous system of Octolasium complanatum are shown in Fig. 1. Neuron is designed symbolically to facilitate the understanding of the kinetics of the growth process.

Exercise as early mobilization in patients using vasoactive drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Amanda Mariano Morais ◽  
Daiane Naiara Da Penha ◽  
Danila Gonçalves Costa ◽  
Vanessa Beatriz Aparecida Fontes Schweling ◽  
Jaqueline Aparecida Almeida Spadari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Vasoactive Drugs ◽  
Early Ambulation ◽  
Early Mobility ◽  
The Face

Introduction: The functional benefits of Early Mobilization (EM) capable of minimizing limitations and deformities in the face of immobility are clear, but there are many barriers to conduct EM as a routine practice in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), including the use of vasoactive drugs (VAD), since it is directly related to weakness acquired in the ICU, in addition to the resistance of the multidisciplinary team to mobilize the patient using VAD. Objective: The objective of this literature review is to raise a scientific basis in the management of critically ill patients using DVAs for EM in the ICU. Methods: It is an integrative review of the literature, with research in the databases: PEDro, Pubmed, Lilacs, with articles published between 2011 and 2018, in Portuguese and English, using the terms: vasoactive drugs, early mobility, exercise in UCI, vasopressor and its equivalents in Portuguese. Results: Nine studies were included that analyzed the EM intervention in patients using VAD, with or without ventilatory support. There was no homogeneous treatment among the researched works, varying between exercises in bed and outside, with passive and / or active action. However, regardless of the conduct, there was an improvement in the cardiovascular response without relevant changes regarding the use of VAD. Conclusion: EM is not contraindicated for patients in the ICU with the use of VAD, and it was shown to be effective and safe without promoting relevant hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory changes, which would determine its absolute contraindication.Keywords: vasodilator agents, early ambulation, intensive care units, physical therapy specialty.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document