scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Lutein Dunaliella salina pada Salinitas yang Berbeda

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Faith Dibri Kimberly ◽  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Sri Sedjati
Keyword(s):  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Salina Cell ◽  
Biomass Determination ◽  
X 24 ◽  
Microalgae Growth

Dunaliella salina adalah salah satu mikroalga yang mengandung pigmen lutein. Lutein memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan untuk melawan radikal bebas pada mata. Pertumbuhan mikroalga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor lingkungan, salah satunya adalah salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan salinitas terbaik guna mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan produksi pigmen lutein pada D. salina. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratoris. Mikroalga D. salina dikultivasi dengan lima perlakuan salinitas yang berbeda yaitu 20, 25, 30, 35, dan 40 ppt. Pertumbuhan sel D. salina diamati selama 9 x 24 jam kemudian dipanen untuk perhitungan biomassanya. Biomassa basah hasil kultivasi diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut aseton. Ekstrak aseton D. salina kemudian dianalisis kandungan pigmen luteinnya secara spektrofotometrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan salinitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan sel dan kandungan pigmen lutein D. salina. Pertumbuhan sel D. salina optimum pada perlakuan salinitas 30 ppt,yaitu sebesar 125,86 x 104 sel/mL, sedangkan untuk kandungan pigmen lutein     D. salina diproduksi optimum pada salinitas 25 ppt, yaitu sebesar 0,0077 µg/g. Dunaliella salina is a microalga containing lutein pigment. Lutein has the role of being an antioxidant to fight free radicals in the eye. Microalgae growth is influenced by a variety of environmental factors,  such as salinity. The purpose of this research is to determine the best salinity to optimize the growth and production of lutein pigments in D. salina. The method used in this research was a laboratory experiment. Microalgae D.salina was cultivated with five different salinity treatments, which 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ppt. Growth of D. salina cells was observed for 9 x 24 hours and then harvested for the biomass determination. The wet biomass from the cultivation results was extracted using acetone solvent. D. salina acetone extract was then analyzed for its lutein pigment content spectrophotometrically. The results showed that salinity treatment had a significant effect on cell growth and pigment content of lutein D. salina. The optimum growth of D. salina cell is optimally achieved in 30 ppt salinity treatment at the amount of 125,86 x 104 cell/mL, while for the lutein pigment content of D. salina is optimally achieved in 25 ppt salinity at the amount of 0,0077 µg/g.

Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles using Arabidopsis thaliana and Dunaliella salina Cell Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Chumakov ◽  
A. O. Sokolov ◽  
V. A. Bogatyrev ◽  
O. I. Sokolov ◽  
N. Yu. Selivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Salina Cell

scholarly journals Functional role of betalains in Disphyma australe under salinty stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gagandeep Jain
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
High Light ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Green Leaves ◽  
Mesophyll Tissue ◽  
Abiotic Stressors

<p>Foliar betalainic plants are commonly found in dry and exposed environments such as deserts and sandbanks. This marginal habitat has led many researchers to hypothesise that foliar betalains provide tolerance to abiotic stressors such as strong light, drought, salinity and low temperatures. Among these abiotic stressors, soil salinity is a major problem for agriculture affecting approximately 20% of the irrigated lands worldwide. Betacyanins may provide functional significance to plants under salt stress although this has not been unequivocally demonstrated. The purpose of this thesis is to add knowledge of the various roles of foliar betacyanins in plants under salt stress. For that, a series of experiments were performed on Disphyma australe, which is a betacyanic halophyte with two distinct colour morphs in vegetative shoots.  In chapter two, I aimed to find the effect of salinity stress on betacyanin pigmentation in D. australe and it was hypothesised that betacyanic morphs are physiologically more tolerant to salinity stress than acyanic morphs. Within a coastal population of red and green morphs of D. australe, betacyanin pigmentation in red morphs was a direct result of high salt and high light exposure. Betacyanic morphs were physiologically more tolerant to salt stress as they showed greater maximum CO₂ assimilation rates, water use efficiencies, photochemical quantum yields and photochemical quenching than acyanic morphs. Contrary to this, the green morphs, although possessing the ability to synthesise betalains in flower petals, did not produce betalains in vegetative shoots in response to salt stress. Moreover, green morphs, in terms of leaf photosynthesis, performed poorly under salinity stress.  In chapter three I further investigated the physiological benefit of betacyanin accumulation in D. australe. I postulated that betacyanin in the leaves of D. australe can protect the salt stressed chloroplasts from harmful excessive light by absorbing significant amount of radiation. To test this, a novel experimental approach was used; the key biosynthetic step for betacyanin synthesis was identified, which was deficient in vegetative shoots of the green morphs. By supplying the product of this enzymatic reaction, L-DOPA, betacyanin synthesis could be induced in the leaves of green morphs. This model system was used to compare the photoprotective responses of red vs. green leaves. The L-DOPA induced betacyanic leaves showed similar responses (such as smaller reductions and faster recoveries of PSII and less H₂O₂ production than in the green leaves) to naturally betacyanic leaves when exposed to high light and salinity. The differences in photoinhibition between red and green leaves were attributed to the light absorbing properties of betacyanins. L-DOPA treated and naturally red leaves showed lower photoinactivation than green leaves when exposed to white or green light, although not when exposed to monochromatic (red) light.  In chapter four, I used a similar experimental model to that in the third chapter and showed that other than photoprotection, betacyanins in leaves may be involved in salt tolerance by enhancing toxic ion (such as Na⁺) sequestration in betacyanic epidermal cells, storing Na⁺ away from sensitive mesophyll tissue. The Na⁺ localization between red and green leaves was compared after salinity treatment by using a sodium binding stain (SBFI-AM) and Cryo-SEM analysis. L-DOPA treated and natural red leaves sequestered Na⁺ ions to the epidermal cell layer. In contrast, green leaves retained Na⁺ in the mesophyll tissue, which suggested that red leaves were better equipped to tolerate salt-specific effects. Therefore, betacyanic plants were more tolerant to applied salinity stress and showed relatively higher growth rates than green morphs.  The findings of this thesis provide a significant contribution to our understanding of the role of betacyanins in plants under salinity stress. My data suggest that the multi-faceted properties of betacyanins (such as their photoprotective function, and their involvement in sequestration of toxic ions) clearly provide a benefit to plants under salinity stress.</p>

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory role of Dunaliella salina carotenoid enrich fractions in paw oedema via down-regulation of COX-2/PGE2 pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Farouk K. El-Baz ◽  
Ahmed M. Aboul-Enein ◽  
Osama M. Abdel-Fatah Osama M. Abdel-Fatah ◽  
Hanaa H. Abd El-Baky ◽  
Ahmed M. Hagag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRICAL FEATURES IN DUNALIELLA SALINA (CHLAMYDOMONADALES, DUNALIELLACEAE) DURING THE TWO-PHASE CULTIVATION MODE

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Andrei B. Borovkov ◽  
Irina N. Gudvilovich ◽  
Olga A. Memetshaeva ◽  
Anna L. Avsiyan ◽  
Alexander S. Lelekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Salina Cell

The paper presents studies of morphological and morphometrical characteristics of green halophilic carotenogenic microalga Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teodoresco, 1905, from the south-west region of Crimean Peninsula. D. salina was cultivated in two-phase mode under conditions of natural illumination at the premises of A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS (IBSS), Sevastopol, Russia. The maximum D. salina cell density was 1.69·106 cell/ml in the “green” phase and 0.84·106 cell/ml in the “red” growth phase. The maximum productivity by cell number reached 0.15 ∙ 106 cell/(ml·day)in the “green” phase while it was lower by 73% in the “red” phase (0.04∙106 cell/(ml·day). Along with the maximum productivity, linear growth stage in the first phase was characterized by a maximum fraction of small (up to 500 μm3 in volume) cells (about 15-29%) and a decrease in cell volume by 40-45% as compared with initial value. The mean of D. salina cell volume in the “red” phase was 30% higher than in the “green” phase. At the same time, the large cell fraction in the “red” phase was consistently high (15-35%). The patterns of change in morphological and morphometrical cell parameters were in accordance to stage and conditions of growth. Thus, cell elongation was noted in the stage of linear growth, while under unfavorable conditions at growth-declining stage cells became more round-shaped, with orange and tile-red coloration and granulation of cell content. It was shown that morphological and morphometric cell parameters can serve as additional criteria for assessment of physiological condition in D. salina culture. The experiment demonstrated the prospects for two-stage D. salina cultivation in Crimea.

Abstract 1516: Role of Oxidative Stress in Atrial Tachycardia Remodelling

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Qi ◽  
Louis R Villeneuve ◽  
Balazs Ordog ◽  
Denis Chartier ◽  
David R Van Wagoner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Atrial Tachycardia ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
X 24 ◽  
Camkii Activation

Atrial tachycardia remodeling (ATR) promotes atrial fibrillation (AF). Oxidant stress (OxS) occurs in atria of AF patients and antioxidants may be beneficial in AF. This study used a previously validated in vitro paced canine cardiomyocyte model to assess the potential role of OxS in ATR. Cultured canine atrial cardiomyocytes were paced at 1 or 3 Hz (P1, P3) for 24 hrs. I CaL was recorded with whole cell voltage clamp. Single cell superoxide production was assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence (DHEF) imaging. ATR (3 Hz pacing x 24 hrs) decreased I CaL (Fig. A ) and induced OxS (Fig. B ). Short term induction of OxS (H 2 O 2 100 μM x 10 mins) increased I CaL (Fig. C ) and enhanced Ca 2+ loading (Indo-1 AM). 24-Hr H 2 O 2 100 μ M increased DHEF in P1 cells by 250%* (*P<0.05) and mimicked ATR, decreasing I CaL by 51%* (Fig. C ). H 2 O 2 -mediated DHEF changes were suppressed by inhibiting calmodulin (W7) or CaMKII (KN93). H 2 O 2 -induced I CaL suppression at 1 Hz was prevented by: decreasing Ca 2+ i loading by I CaL blockade (nimodipine) or Ca 2+ chelation (BAPTA-AM); W7 or KN93; antioxidants (2-MPG or N-acetylcysteine, NAC); or suppression of free radical generation via NADPH-oxidase (apocynin). 2-MPG, NAC, and apocynin prevented I CaL downregulation by 3-Hz pacing and W7, KN93 and apocynin abolished ATR-induced DHEF increases. H 2 O 2 mimics ATR by causing Ca 2+ i loading and CaMKII activation coupled to NADPH-oxidase stimulation. ATR-induced I CaL -downregulation is mediated in part by OxS generation. These findings provide insights into the pathways by which OxS contributes to ATR and present a mechanistic framework for understanding the effects of antioxidant interventions in AF.

scholarly journals COLOMBIAN STRAIN OF DUNALIELLA SALINA AS A SOURCE OF METABOLITES OF HIGH COMMERCIAL VALUES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Gallego Cartagena Euler ◽  
Castillo RamÍrez Margarita ◽  
MartÍnez Burgos Walter
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Biotic Resource

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effect of stressful and non-stressful conditions on the growth and production of pigments in a strain of Dunaliella salina (D. salina) isolated from the artificial saline of Manaure municipality, department of La Guajira, Colombia in laboratory conditions.Methods: Two treatments were performed, one in non-stressful growing conditions with medium J/1 to 1 M NaCl, 190-µmol. m-2. s-1, 5.0 mmol KNO3, pH 8.2 and another in stressful conditions with medium J/1 to 4.0 M NaCl, 390 µmol. m-2. s-1, 0.50 mmol KNO3, each in triplicate. Population growth was assessed by cell count, and the pigment content was performed by spectrophotometric techniques.Results: It was found that the conditions of stressful influences in the growth and the production of carotenoids of D. salina in comparison with those cultures not stressed. There was a significant difference between the average values of total carotenoids in the experiment with stressful conditions with 9.67±0.19 µg/ml and the experiment with conditions not stressful with 1.54±0.08 µg/ml at the level of significance of p<0.05.Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the stressful condition in the culture is associated with an increase in the production of lipophilic antioxidants, among these carotenoids. The knowledge of the stressful conditions for the production of carotenoids from D. salina isolated from the saline of Manaure opens a field in the use of this biotic resource with biotechnological purposes, production of new antibiotics, nutraceuticals and/or production of biofuels.

Rutin, a flavonoid with antioxidant activity, improves plant salinity tolerance by regulating K+ retention and Na+ exclusion from leaf mesophyll in quinoa and broad beans

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hebatollah Ismail ◽  
Jelena Dragišic Maksimovic ◽  
Vuk Maksimovic ◽  
Lana Shabala ◽  
Branka D. Živanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Potassium Retention ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The causal relationship between salinity and oxidative stress tolerance is well established, but specific downstream targets and the role of specific antioxidant compounds in controlling cellular ionic homeostasis remains elusive. In this work, we have compared antioxidant profiles of leaves of two quinoa genotypes contrasting in their salt tolerance, with the aim of understanding the role of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in salinity stress tolerance. Only changes in superoxide dismutase activity were correlated with plant adaptive responses to salinity. Proline accumulation played no major role in either osmotic adjustment or in the tissue tolerance mechanism. Among other non-enzymatic antioxidants, rutin levels were increased by over 25 fold in quinoa leaves. Exogenous application of rutin to glycophyte bean leaves improved tissue tolerance and reduced detrimental effects of salinity on leaf photochemistry. Electrophysiological experiments revealed that these beneficial effects were attributed to improved potassium retention and increased rate of Na+ pumping from the cell. The lack of correlation between rutin-induced changes in K+ and H+ fluxes suggest that rutin accumulation in the cytosol scavenges hydroxyl radical formed in response to salinity treatment thus preventing K+ leak via one of ROS-activated K+ efflux pathways, rather than controlling K+ flux via voltage-gated K+-permeable channels.

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