scholarly journals The impact of salicylic acid on some physiological responses of Artemisia aucheri Boiss. under in vitro drought stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalil ABBASPOUR ◽  
Aliakbar EHSANPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Artemisia Aucheri ◽  
The Impact

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant regulator which is involved in growth, development, and response to stress. This study was aimed to evaluate some physiological and biochemical responses of <em>Artemisia aucheri</em> Boiss. under drought stress after exogenous SA treatment. Experiment was performed <em>in vitro</em>. Polyethylene glycol (PEG/6000) with 0, 2 and 4 % (w/v) was used in MS medium to simulate drought stress and different concentrations of SA (0, 0.01 and 0.1mM) were added. After four weeks, SA alleviated the negative effects of PEG on dry and fresh mass as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Under drought stress, application of SA decreased storage polysaccharides and increased soluble carbohydrates respectively. Although PEG had no significant effect on flavonoid content, it increased significantly anthocyanin and total phenol content, total antioxidant capacity, PAL (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) and TAL (tyrosine ammonia-lyase) activity and SA treatment improved these parameters significantly. According to the current data, it was concluded that SA increased drought tolerance of <em>Artemisia aucheri</em> by increasing biosynthesis of phenolic compounds, improvement of TAL and PAL activity as well as also by increased content of soluble carbohydrates.

scholarly journals Improving the Biocontrol Potential of Bacterial Antagonists with Salicylic Acid against Brown Rot Disease and Impact on Nectarine Fruits Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Nadia Lyousfi ◽  
Rachid Lahlali ◽  
Chaimaa Letrib ◽  
Zineb Belabess ◽  
Rachida Ouaabou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of both antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) and Alcaligenes faecalis (ACBC1) used in combination with salicylic acid (SA) to effectively control brown rot disease caused by Monilinia fructigena. Four concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5%, 2%, 3.5%, and 5%) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, the impact of biological treatments on nectarine fruit parameters’ quality, in particular, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content, was evaluated. Regardless of the bacterium, the results indicated that all combined treatments displayed a strong inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of M. fructigena and disease severity. Interestingly, all SA concentrations significantly improved the biocontrol activity of each antagonist. The mycelial growth inhibition rate ranged from 9.79% to 88.02% with the highest reduction rate recorded for bacterial antagonists in combination with SA at both concentrations of 0.5% and 3.5%. The in vivo results confirmed the in vitro results with a disease severity varying from 0.00% to 51.91%. A significant biocontrol improvement was obtained with both antagonistic bacteria when used in combination with SA at concentrations of 0.5% and 2%. The lowest disease severity observed with ACBC1 compared with SF14 is likely due to a rapid adaptation and increase of antagonistic bacteria population in wounded sites. The impact of all biological treatments revealed moderate significant changes in the fruit quality parameters with weight loss for several treatments. These results suggest that the improved disease control of both antagonistic bacteria was more likely directly linked to both the inhibitory effects of SA on pathogen growth and induced fruit resistance.

scholarly journals PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bonato ◽  
Francesca Corrà ◽  
Marta Bellio ◽  
Laura Guidolin ◽  
Laura Tallandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Impact

Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This review presents some available data on the PFAS environmental distribution in the world, and in particular in Europe and in Veneto region of Italy, where it has become a serious problem for human health. The consumption of contaminated food and drinking water is considered one of the major source of exposure for humans. Worldwide epidemiological studies report the negative effects that PFAS have on human health, due to environmental pollution, including infertility, steroid hormone perturbation, thyroid, liver and kidney disorders and metabolic disfunctions. In vitro and in vivo researches correlated PFAS exposure to oxidative stress effects (in mammals as well as in other vertebrates of human interest), produced by a PFAS-induced increase of reactive oxygen species formation. The cellular antioxidant defense system is activated by PFAS, but it is only partially able to avoid the oxidative damage to biomolecules.

scholarly journals Phenolics and Carotenoid Contents in the Leaves of Different Organic and Conventional Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Cultivars and Their In Vitro Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponder ◽  
Hallmann
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
The Impact

: Raspberry leaves are a source of carotenoids and polyphenols, including ellagic acid and salicylic acid. The results of scientific research suggest that they have potential pro-health properties that contribute to human health. The aim of this study was to determine the polyphenolic and carotenoid profiles in the leaves of selected raspberry cultivars and their in vitro activity. The second aim was to determine the impact of organic and conventional farm management on the polyphenol, carotenoid, and chlorophyll contents in different raspberry cultivars: ‘Polana’, ‘Polka’, ‘Tulameen’, ‘Laszka’ and ‘Glen Ample’. Compared with conventional raspberry leaves, organic raspberry leaves were characterized by a significantly higher content of dry matter, total polyphenols, total phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside; moreover, the organic leaves were characterized by higher antioxidant activity. Among examined cultivars, ‘Polka’ c. was characterized by the highest antioxidant status. However, raspberry leaves from conventional farms contained more total carotenoids, violaxanthin, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, total chlorophyll and individual forms of chlorophylls: a and b.

scholarly journals Filter paper inhibits in vitro protocorm-like body formation in hybrid Cymbidium and reduces synseed germination, but buffers the negative impact of antibiotics

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
JAIME A. TEIXEIRA DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Single Sheet ◽  
Plant Hybrid ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Only few studies in the plant tissue culture literature have examined the impact of filter paper on in vitro plant organogenesis. In this study, using a model plant, hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’, the impact of a single or double layer of Advantec #2 or Whatman #1 filter paper on new protocorm-like body (neo-PLB) formation on Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium was examined for half-PLBs (transgenic and non-transgenic), PLB-derived transverse thin cell layers (tTCLs), and PLB synseeds. In addition, the response of half-PLBs or tTCLs to two antibiotics (kanamycin and cefotaxime, commonly used in plant genetic transformation studies) was investigated either directly on gelled medium or on filter paper-overlaid medium. Filter paper negatively affected most growth and developmental parameters of all the explants tested, both transgenic and non-transgenic. A double sheet of filter paper had a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more negative impact than a single sheet, relative to the control values (i.e., no filter paper). Kanamycin inhibited neo-PLB formation on TC medium, the negative impact being greater on a single layer than on a double layer of filter paper, i.e., filter paper buffered the growth-inhibiting characteristics of kanamycin. Up to 100 mg/l, cefotaxime showed no apparent negative effects on neo-PLBs formation and growth, although hyperhydricity was observed when filter paper was not used.

scholarly journals Emergent effects of contact tracing robustly stabilize outbreaks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyfullah Enes Kotil
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Covid-19 neither dissolved nor got out of control over a year. In many instances, the new daily cases exhibit an equilibrium at a meagre percentage of the population. Seemingly impossible due to the precise cancellation of positive and negative effects. Here, I propose models on real-world networks that capture the mysterious dynamics. I investigate the contact-tracing and related effects as possible causes. I differentiate the impact of contact-tracing into three—one direct and two emergent—effects: isolation of the documented patient’s direct infectees (descendants), isolation of non-descendant infectees, and temporary isolation of susceptible contacts. Contrary to expectation, isolation of descendants cannot stabilize an equilibrium; based on current data, the effect of the latter two are necessary and greater in effect overall. The reliance on emergent effects shows that even if contact-tracing is 100% efficient, its effect on the epidemic dynamics would be dependent. Moreover, This newly characterized dynamic claims that all outbreaks will eventually show such stable dynamics.

scholarly journals Effects of drought stress on germination and seedling growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Thắng Thanh Trần
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Peanut is am essential legume and has many uses, such as producing oil, food, and fodder. However, with the negative effects of climate change, drought is one especially of the important issues that reduce the yield of peanut. Thus, in this study, the impact of drought stress on the peanut growth was investigated by using PEG-6000 to block pathways of water movement. The changes in morphological, physiological, and biochemical during the peanut growth under drought were analyzed. In the drought condition (-2 bar), the germination time of seed increased but the percentage of germination seeds decreased by approximately 50% compared to control. Besides, the shoot height, the number of leaves, the total leaf area, root length, and fresh weight were lower than that of control. Drought stress made the formation quickly of secondary xylem and phloem. Also, the process of lignification in the phloem parenchyma cell increased. These cell walls were much thicker than those in the control root. In the drought stress, the physiological and biochemical analysis showed that the content of chlorophyll a, leaf relative water content, and starch content reduced significantly in comparison to control. Similarly, the photosynthetic intensity, the activity of cytokinin, and gibberellin decreased. The reverse pattern can be seen in the content of carotenoid, epicuticular wax, proline, and total soluble sugar, respiratory intensity, the activity of catalase, auxin, and ABA activity.

Salicylic acid-induced suppression of Meloidogyne incognita infestation of okra and cowpea

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidyut Nandi ◽  
Santi Prasad Sinha Babu ◽  
Nirmalya Banerjee ◽  
Kabita Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Vitro Test

AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) applied as 10 mM foliar spray to okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cv. Purbani Kranti and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cv. Pusa Ruby plants 24 h before inoculation of roots with Meloidogyne incognita juveniles, reduced infestation. Salicylic acid had no direct influence on plant growth and did not kill nematodes in an in vitro test. It induced increased accumulation of a 14 kDa pathogenesis-related protein (PR-1) in roots of both non-inoculated and inoculated salicylic acid-sprayed okra but not in the treated leaves. Salicylic acid sprays enhanced phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in roots of both non-inoculated and inoculated cowpea, estimated at 15 days after inoculation. Infected roots had higher PAL activity than roots of the corresponding non-inoculated treatments. Both PAL activity and SA-induced resistance gradually declined with plant age after treatment.

scholarly journals PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8020
Author(s):  
Marco Bonato ◽  
Francesca Corrà ◽  
Marta Bellio ◽  
Laura Guidolin ◽  
Laura Tallandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Impact

Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This review presents some available data on the PFAS environmental distribution in the world, and in particular in Europe and in the Veneto region of Italy, where it has become a serious problem for human health. The consumption of contaminated food and drinking water is considered one of the major source of exposure for humans. Worldwide epidemiological studies report the negative effects that PFAS have on human health, due to environmental pollution, including infertility, steroid hormone perturbation, thyroid, liver and kidney disorders, and metabolic disfunctions. In vitro and in vivo researches correlated PFAS exposure to oxidative stress effects (in mammals as well as in other vertebrates of human interest), produced by a PFAS-induced increase of reactive oxygen species formation. The cellular antioxidant defense system is activated by PFAS, but it is only partially able to avoid the oxidative damage to biomolecules.

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