scholarly journals Intravaginal hormonal contraception for women of reproductive age with excessive body mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Gridina
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

scholarly journals Association between contemporary hormonal contraception and ovarian cancer in women of reproductive age in Denmark: prospective, nationwide cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. k3609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Iversen ◽  
Shona Fielding ◽  
Øjvind Lidegaard ◽  
Lina S Mørch ◽  
Charlotte W Skovlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraceptives

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives (including progestogen types in combined preparations and all progestogen-only products) and overall and specific types of ovarian cancer.DesignProspective, nationwide cohort study.SettingDenmark, 1995-2014.ParticipantsAll women aged 15-49 years during 1995-2014 were eligible. Women were excluded if they immigrated after 1995, had cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer), had venous thrombosis, or were treated for infertility before entry (final study population included 1 879 227 women). Women were categorised as never users (no record of being dispensed hormonal contraception), current or recent users (≤1 year after stopping use), or former users (>1 year after stopping use) of different hormonal contraceptives.Main outcome measuresPoisson regression was used to calculate relative risk of ovarian cancer among users of any contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives and by progestogen type in combined preparations and all progestogen-only products, including non-oral preparations. Separate analyses examined women followed up to their first contraception type switch and those with full contraceptive histories. Duration, time since last use, and tumour histology were examined and the population prevented fraction were calculated.ResultsDuring 21.4 million person years, 1249 incident ovarian cancers occurred. Among ever users of hormonal contraception, 478 ovarian cancers were recorded over 13 344 531 person years. Never users had 771 ovarian cancers during 8 150 250 person years. Compared with never users, reduced risks of ovarian cancer occurred with current or recent use and former use of any hormonal contraception (relative risk 0.58 (95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.68) and 0.77 (0.66 to 0.91), respectively). Relative risks among current or recent users decreased with increasing duration (from 0.82 (0.59 to 1.12) with ≤1 year use to 0.26 (0.16 to 0.43) with >10 years’ use; P<0.001 for trend). Similar results were achieved among women followed up to their first switch in contraceptive type. Little evidence of major differences in risk estimates by tumour type or progestogen content of combined oral contraceptives was seen. Use of progestogen-only products were not associated with ovarian cancer risk. Among ever users of hormonal contraception, the reduction in the age standardised absolute rate of ovarian cancer was 3.2 per 100 000 person years. Based on the relative risk for the never use versus ever use categories of hormonal contraception (0.66), the population prevented fraction was estimated to be 21%—that is, use of hormonal contraception prevented 21% of ovarian cancers in the study population.ConclusionsUse of contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives is associated with a reduction in ovarian cancer risk in women of reproductive age—an effect related to duration of use, which diminishes after stopping use. These data suggest no protective effect from progestogen-only products.

scholarly journals Demographic, lifestyle, and reproductive determinants of serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in adult women of reproductive age in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyinkansola Islamiyat Lawal ◽  
Jameelu-deen Omokunmi Yusuff
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Abstract Background Anti-Müllerian hormone is a dimeric glycoprotein produced by the granulosa cells of preantral and small antral follicles of the ovaries. It is a reliable biomarker of ovarian reserve, ageing, and response in the management of women with infertility. However, there are few studies on the determinants of serum anti-Müllerian hormone in Nigerian women. This study aimed to investigate determinants of serum anti-Müllerian hormone among adult women of reproductive age. The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 161 women of reproductive age attending the gynaecology clinic and immunisation clinic of a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Baseline characteristics were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In univariate analysis, age (B = − 0.035, P = 0.000), parity (B = − 0.080, P = 0.001), and infertility duration (B = − 0.050, P = 0.011) had a negative relationship with serum anti-Müllerian hormone, while ethnicity (B = 0.180, P = 0.040), body mass index (B = 0.015, P = 0.010), and cycle length (B = 0.042, P = 0.000) had a positive relationship with serum anti-Müllerian hormone. In multivariable analysis, all relationships except infertility duration persisted. Conclusion We found that age, ethnicity, parity, infertility duration, body mass index, and cycle length were associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone. A large prospective population-based study is required to better understand factors that are associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone in an ethnically diverse country like Nigeria.

scholarly journals Pattern of Body Mass Index and Common Health Problems in Women of Reproductive Age Group in a Private Clinic in Kathmandu

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (207) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati M Padhye
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Reproductive Age Group ◽  
Genitourinary Infection

Introduction: High Body Mass Index is one of the risk factors for many chronic diseases and adverse health outcomes. It is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also have many adverse effect on reproductive health of the women like sub fertility, polycystic ovarian disease, menstrual abnormality etc. The purpose of this study is to find Basal Metabolic Rate and the diseases pattern of reproductive age woman in Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive study of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) attending a private gynaecology clinic in Kathmandu Valley from October 2016 to June 2017. Six hundred and eight women of current reproductive age group participated in this study. Women’s particulars and complaints were noted down. Detailed history was taken. Height, weight and blood pressure were recorded and general examination was done. BMI was calculated as BMI is weight in kilogram divided by height in meter square, and it was interpreted as per WHO guidelines. Results: Out of the total 608 participants, 243 (40%) were overweight, 96 (15.8%) were obese. Regarding the common health problems, 154 (25.3%) have sub fertility and 199 (32%) had genitourinary infection. Similarly, 90 (14.8%) had menstrual problems. Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen significantly comparing to the study done decade ago in same setting. Similarly, sub fertility rate has also risen whereas the prevalence of genitourinary infections has decreased. Keywords: BMI; genitourinary infection; Nepal-reproductive age women; sub fertility.

scholarly journals Normal uterine size in women of reproductive age in northern Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-441
Author(s):  
S. Esmaelzadeh ◽  
N. Rezaei ◽  
M. Hajiahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Ultrasonographic Assessment

Todetermine the efficacy of ultrasonographic assessment of uterus size in women of reproductive age, we conducted a cross-sectional analytic study of 231 women aged 15-45 years in Babol, northern Islamic Republic of Iran. Mean uterus size was 86.6 mm x 49.6 mm x 40.6 mm overall, 72.8 mm x 42.8 mm x 32.4 mm for nulliparous women and 90.8 mm x 51.7 mm x 43.0 mm for multiparous women. Mean age was 31.7 +/- 9.6 years and mean body mass index [BMI] was 24.7 +/- 4.0 kg/m2. Uterus size was significantly associated with parity and age; but not with BMI. Our findings show a greater mean uterus size than reported by others. Ultrasonographic measurement of uterus size is valuable for predicting pathologies associated with abnormal uterine size

scholarly journals Menstrual cycle and gynecologic pathology in menstrual-related migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
E. A. Kiryanova ◽  
G. R. Tabeeva
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Patient Evaluation ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Group 2

Migraine is the first most frequent cause of disability among women of reproductive age globally, and up to 60% of patients note the association of headache attacks with menstruation.Objective: to determine the features of menstrual cycle and gynecologic pathology in women with menstrual-related migraine (MRM).Patients and methods. A prospective comparative study included 69 women of reproductive age with a migraine diagnosis who did not receive hormonal contraception. Depending on the association of migraine attacks with menstruation (according to headache diaries), the patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group consisted of 44 patients with MRM; group 2 — 25 patients with non-menstrual migraine (without the association of attacks with menstruation).Results and discussion. Patients with MRM had heavier menstrual bleeding, longer menstruations (more than six days), abnormal menstrual cycle length and regularity, dysmenorrhea. In addition, the obtained data indicate a comorbid estrogen-associated gynecological pathology (endometriosis, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, myoma) in MRM.Conclusion. Presumably, the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis dysfunction plays the leading role in the MRM. It presents with menstrual cycle abnormalities and increased presence of estrogen-associated gynecological pathology, which should be considered during patient evaluation and suggesting recommendations.

Features of metabolic and hormonal abnormalities in women with metabolic syndrome at the stage pregrada

2017 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
O.A. Dyndar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Number Of Components

The problem of obesity and metabolic syndrome among the female population of Ukraine is extremely important, given the current trend toward increasing age of realization of reproductive function,. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women of reproductive age is 6–35%, fertility problems are found in 30-35% of women. The objective: to study the characteristics of metabolic disorders and hormonal condition of the reproductive system in women with obesity and the metabolic syndrome on pregravidarity stage depending on the body mass index and severity of metabolic syndrome. Patients and methods. We examined a total of 124 women with obesity and metabolic syndrome that appealed on pregravidar stage and 53 women who had no history of somatic and gynecological pathology. Antropometric studies, determination of blood pressure, examination of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, evaluation of the endocrine status of the reproductive system, ultrasound examination of small pelvis organs were done. Results. In women of reproductive age, we observed increase of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins and decrease high-density lipoproteins, with a predominance of IIb and IV types of dyslipidemia. Insulin resistance was diagnosed in 28.3% of women And 47.4% – II and in 69.7% with III degree of obesity. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 79.2% of patients with obesity of I, in 94.7% – II 100% III. The number of components of metabolic syndrome correlate directly proportional to the severity of obesity. The index of fertility with III degree of obesity increased to 2.7, hypoestrogenia marked with And hyperestrogenia from 50.7% of women in II and III degree of obesity, progesterona failure identified at 66.9%, hyperandrogenism in 58.8%, reduced sex-binding globulin in 83.0% of the observations. Conclusion. Pathological changes of the hormonal status of the female reproductive system on prepregnansy stage is directly proportional to depend on the body mass index number of components of metabolic syndrome and dysmetabolic disorders. Key words: obesity, metabolic syndrome, pregnancy planning.

scholarly journals Effect of pregravid preparation of HIV-infected couples on perinatal outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
A. O. Ovchinnikova ◽  
S. V. Mikhalchenko ◽  
M. A. Kaganova ◽  
O. E. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Objective. To assess the levels of viral load, immune status as well as labor outcome depending on the absence or presence of pregravid preparation with the partner and without the latter. Materials and methods. This cohort study included 90 women of reproductive age with stages 3 and 4A HIV infection. To compare the groups, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney tests and correlation analysis were applied. Results. The pregravid preparation of HIV-infected women without a partner was detected to three-fold decrease a viral load in the I trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.001), two-fold in the II trimester (p = 0.02) and three-fold in the III trimester (p = 0.002); with a partner a two-fold decrease in the I trimester (p = 0.0018). The pregravid preparation of HIV-infected women reduces the probability of giving birth to a child with low body mass (p = 0.023); with a partner it decreases the risk for the preterm labor (p = 0.02). Conclusions. Thus, the presence of pregravid preparation in HIV-infected women, with a partner as well, decreases the probability of giving birth to a child with low body mass and preterm labor.

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