scholarly journals Effect of pregravid preparation of HIV-infected couples on perinatal outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
A. O. Ovchinnikova ◽  
S. V. Mikhalchenko ◽  
M. A. Kaganova ◽  
O. E. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Objective. To assess the levels of viral load, immune status as well as labor outcome depending on the absence or presence of pregravid preparation with the partner and without the latter. Materials and methods. This cohort study included 90 women of reproductive age with stages 3 and 4A HIV infection. To compare the groups, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney tests and correlation analysis were applied. Results. The pregravid preparation of HIV-infected women without a partner was detected to three-fold decrease a viral load in the I trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.001), two-fold in the II trimester (p = 0.02) and three-fold in the III trimester (p = 0.002); with a partner a two-fold decrease in the I trimester (p = 0.0018). The pregravid preparation of HIV-infected women reduces the probability of giving birth to a child with low body mass (p = 0.023); with a partner it decreases the risk for the preterm labor (p = 0.02). Conclusions. Thus, the presence of pregravid preparation in HIV-infected women, with a partner as well, decreases the probability of giving birth to a child with low body mass and preterm labor.

scholarly journals Immunologic and Virologic Outcomes of Obese and Nonobese Incarcerated Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 232595741775226
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Bunnell ◽  
Arwa Aldossari ◽  
Connor Perkins ◽  
Christopher Schriever ◽  
Thomas D. Chiampas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Virologic Suppression ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Nonobese Patients

Background: Obesity is common among patients with HIV. The objective of this study was to characterize response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a cohort of obese incarcerated adults compared to a nonobese cohort. Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted in an HIV telemedicine clinic. Patients with body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 who received the same ART with >95% adherence for at least 6 months were matched to nonobese patients by age, gender, ART, CD4 count, and viral load at baseline. Results: Twenty pairs were included, with an average BMI of 24 kg/m2 in the nonobese cohort and 35 kg/m2 in the obese cohort. No difference was observed in the proportion of patients who achieved virologic suppression or the change in CD4 count from baseline to 6 to 12 months. Conclusion: This study revealed no differences in immunologic recovery or virologic suppression between obese and nonobese patients in an adult correctional population.

scholarly journals Place-specific factors associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in Southern Mozambique: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e024042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prestige Tatenda Makanga ◽  
Charfudin Sacoor ◽  
Nadine Schuurman ◽  
Tang Lee ◽  
Faustino Carlos Vilanculo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Baseline Phase ◽  
Targeted Interventions

ObjectivesTo identify and measure the place-specific determinants that are associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in the southern region of Mozambique.DesignRetrospective cohort study. Choice of variables informed by literature and Delphi consensus.SettingStudy conducted during the baseline phase of a community level intervention for pre-eclampsia that was led by community health workers.ParticipantsA household census identified 50 493 households that were home to 80 483 women of reproductive age (age 12–49 years). Of these women, 14 617 had been pregnant in the 12 months prior to the census, of which 9172 (61.6%) had completed their pregnancies.Primary and secondary outcome measuresA combined fetal, maternal and neonatal outcome was calculated for all women with completed pregnancies.ResultsA total of six variables were statistically significant (p≤0.05) in explaining the combined outcome. These included: geographic isolation, flood proneness, access to an improved latrine, average age of reproductive age woman, family support and fertility rates. The performance of the ordinary least squares model was an adjusted R2=0.69. Three of the variables (isolation, latrine score and family support) showed significant geographic variability in their effect on rates of adverse outcome. Accounting for this modest non-stationary effect through geographically weighted regression increased the adjusted R2 to 0.71.ConclusionsThe community exploration was successful in identifying context-specific determinants of maternal health. The results highlight the need for designing targeted interventions that address the place-specific social determinants of maternal health in the study area. The geographic process of identifying and measuring these determinants, therefore, has implications for multisectoral collaboration.Trial registration numberNCT01911494.

scholarly journals Demographic, lifestyle, and reproductive determinants of serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in adult women of reproductive age in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyinkansola Islamiyat Lawal ◽  
Jameelu-deen Omokunmi Yusuff
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Abstract Background Anti-Müllerian hormone is a dimeric glycoprotein produced by the granulosa cells of preantral and small antral follicles of the ovaries. It is a reliable biomarker of ovarian reserve, ageing, and response in the management of women with infertility. However, there are few studies on the determinants of serum anti-Müllerian hormone in Nigerian women. This study aimed to investigate determinants of serum anti-Müllerian hormone among adult women of reproductive age. The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 161 women of reproductive age attending the gynaecology clinic and immunisation clinic of a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Baseline characteristics were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In univariate analysis, age (B = − 0.035, P = 0.000), parity (B = − 0.080, P = 0.001), and infertility duration (B = − 0.050, P = 0.011) had a negative relationship with serum anti-Müllerian hormone, while ethnicity (B = 0.180, P = 0.040), body mass index (B = 0.015, P = 0.010), and cycle length (B = 0.042, P = 0.000) had a positive relationship with serum anti-Müllerian hormone. In multivariable analysis, all relationships except infertility duration persisted. Conclusion We found that age, ethnicity, parity, infertility duration, body mass index, and cycle length were associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone. A large prospective population-based study is required to better understand factors that are associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone in an ethnically diverse country like Nigeria.

scholarly journals Pattern of Body Mass Index and Common Health Problems in Women of Reproductive Age Group in a Private Clinic in Kathmandu

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (207) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati M Padhye
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Reproductive Age Group ◽  
Genitourinary Infection

Introduction: High Body Mass Index is one of the risk factors for many chronic diseases and adverse health outcomes. It is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also have many adverse effect on reproductive health of the women like sub fertility, polycystic ovarian disease, menstrual abnormality etc. The purpose of this study is to find Basal Metabolic Rate and the diseases pattern of reproductive age woman in Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive study of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) attending a private gynaecology clinic in Kathmandu Valley from October 2016 to June 2017. Six hundred and eight women of current reproductive age group participated in this study. Women’s particulars and complaints were noted down. Detailed history was taken. Height, weight and blood pressure were recorded and general examination was done. BMI was calculated as BMI is weight in kilogram divided by height in meter square, and it was interpreted as per WHO guidelines. Results: Out of the total 608 participants, 243 (40%) were overweight, 96 (15.8%) were obese. Regarding the common health problems, 154 (25.3%) have sub fertility and 199 (32%) had genitourinary infection. Similarly, 90 (14.8%) had menstrual problems. Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen significantly comparing to the study done decade ago in same setting. Similarly, sub fertility rate has also risen whereas the prevalence of genitourinary infections has decreased. Keywords: BMI; genitourinary infection; Nepal-reproductive age women; sub fertility.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE IMMUNE STATUS OF WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE SUFFERING FROM GENITAL INFECTIOUS-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES

2017 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
N. V. KOLESNIKOVA ◽  
G. A. CHUDILOVA ◽  
L. V. LOMTATIDZE ◽  
E. F. FILIPPOV ◽  
S. V. KOVALEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Status Of Women

scholarly journals Normal uterine size in women of reproductive age in northern Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-441
Author(s):  
S. Esmaelzadeh ◽  
N. Rezaei ◽  
M. Hajiahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Ultrasonographic Assessment

Todetermine the efficacy of ultrasonographic assessment of uterus size in women of reproductive age, we conducted a cross-sectional analytic study of 231 women aged 15-45 years in Babol, northern Islamic Republic of Iran. Mean uterus size was 86.6 mm x 49.6 mm x 40.6 mm overall, 72.8 mm x 42.8 mm x 32.4 mm for nulliparous women and 90.8 mm x 51.7 mm x 43.0 mm for multiparous women. Mean age was 31.7 +/- 9.6 years and mean body mass index [BMI] was 24.7 +/- 4.0 kg/m2. Uterus size was significantly associated with parity and age; but not with BMI. Our findings show a greater mean uterus size than reported by others. Ultrasonographic measurement of uterus size is valuable for predicting pathologies associated with abnormal uterine size

scholarly journals Integrating health services for HIV infection, diabetes and hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e053412
Author(s):  
Josephine Birungi ◽  
Sokoine Kivuyo ◽  
Anupam Garrib ◽  
Levicatus Mugenyi ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

BackgroundHIV, diabetes and hypertension have a high disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Healthcare is organised in separate clinics, which may be inefficient. In a cohort study, we evaluated integrated management of these conditions from a single chronic care clinic.ObjectivesTo determined the feasibility and acceptability of integrated management of chronic conditions in terms of retention in care and clinical indicators.Design and settingProspective cohort study comprising patients attending 10 health facilities offering primary care in Dar es Salaam and Kampala.InterventionClinics within health facilities were set up to provide integrated care. Patients with either HIV, diabetes or hypertension had the same waiting areas, the same pharmacy, were seen by the same clinical staff, had similar provision of adherence counselling and tracking if they failed to attend appointments.Primary outcome measuresRetention in care, plasma viral load.FindingsBetween 5 August 2018 and 21 May 2019, 2640 patients were screened of whom 2273 (86%) were enrolled into integrated care (832 with HIV infection, 313 with diabetes, 546 with hypertension and 582 with multiple conditions). They were followed up to 30 January 2020. Overall, 1615 (71.1%)/2273 were female and 1689 (74.5%)/2266 had been in care for 6 months or more. The proportions of people retained in care were 686/832 (82.5%, 95% CI: 79.9% to 85.1%) among those with HIV infection, 266/313 (85.0%, 95% CI: 81.1% to 89.0%) among those with diabetes, 430/546 (78.8%, 95% CI: 75.4% to 82.3%) among those with hypertension and 529/582 (90.9%, 95% CI: 88.6 to 93.3) among those with multimorbidity. Among those with HIV infection, the proportion with plasma viral load <100 copies/mL was 423(88.5%)/478.ConclusionIntegrated management of chronic diseases is a feasible strategy for the control of HIV, diabetes and hypertension in Africa and needs evaluation in a comparative study.

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