scholarly journals Kohiponimia jako relacja z pogranicza kategorii opozycji semantycznej. Perspektywa użytkownika języka polskiego: badanie psycholingwistyczne

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-137
Author(s):  
Nawoja Mikołajczak-Matyja Mikołajczak-Matyja
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Word ◽  
Prototype Theory ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Corpus Studies ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Lexical Fields ◽  
Relevant Material

The paper considers the relation of semantic opposition in terms of the prototype theory of concepts. Its purpose is to provide information on peripheral or border areas of the category of semantic opposition. Data from linguistic analyzes, as well as the results of contemporary corpus studies, indicate that pairs of co-hyponyms from multi-element sets are potentially relevant material in peripheral areas of the category of semantic opposition. A psycholinguistic study was conducted to verify the psychological reality of the data. 720 Polish language users were instructed to provide semantic oppositions to the list of 24 stimuli words (test of directed associations). The research material was Polish nouns belonging to 3 lexical fields: animals, plants and artifacts, with no obvious semantic oppositions (as bee, cabbage, vase). It turned out that, according to the hypothesis, proportions of reactions classified as co-hyponyms of stimuli are high: for 21 stimuli it was 52–94% of the response corpora and for 22 stimuli the dominant reaction was co-hyponym of the stimulus word (as cabbage-lettuce, bee-wasp, vase-flowerpot). The characteristics that determine the choice of a given co-hyponym as the semantic opposite of the stimulus were identified. The remainder of the response corpus was analyzed in order to reveal other ways and mechanisms for seeking the semantic opposition by respondents. The data obtained in the presented study confirm the necessity to incorporate the problem of co-hyponymic pairs from multi-element sets into reflections on the category of the semantic opposition.

scholarly journals Border Regions and Infrastructure Networks in the European Integration Process

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Nijkamp
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Infrastructure Networks ◽  
Indigenous Development ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Peripheral Areas

This paper is focused on development strategies of peripheral areas. In particular, the issue of integration effects on (internal) border regions after the completion of the internal European market is addressed. After a review of recent EC policies, it is claimed that there is an urgent need for the design and evaluation of active development strategies for former internal border areas. A case study on two Dutch (peripheral) border provinces is described to see how the indigenous development potential of such areas can be exploited as a strategic vehicle for enhancing their international competitiveness. A multiple criteria analysis is used to identify the most plausible and desirable development scenarios for these regions.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Transport Exclusion in the Peripheral Cross-Border Areas of Central Europe in the Context of Applicability of Information-Based Carpooling

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3440
Author(s):  
Michał Baran ◽  
Duszan Józef Augustyn
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of social exclusion caused by transport exclusion is one of the main causes of social problems in peripheral areas, as well as a major organizational challenge for public service providers and all organizations operating in the areas where this problem occurs. Transport exclusion has a negative impact on the dynamics of socioeconomic processes and may interfere with sustainable development plans of stakeholders operating in a given area. The phenomenon is characterized by particular intensity in peripheral border localities with a low population density and outdated public transport system (established in the past to meet the needs of industrial society). The aim of this analysis is to present the basic principles of a conceptual model that combines the estimation of the scale of the transport exclusion phenomenon (in accordance with the specificity of peripheral border areas) with the idea of institutionalized carpooling based on effective information management. The usefulness of the said model underwent verification with respect to the possibility of estimating the scale of transport exclusion in peripheral border areas based on the example of the Polish–Slovak border area (Lesko Commune and Snina District). During the course of the research, factors characterizing the currently functioning public transport system were also indicated. They proved the system’s inadequacy for the challenges faced by the post-industrial society.

scholarly journals Scientific Foundations of the Chuvash Language Textbook for 10-11 Grades

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Yuriy Mikhailovich Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Language Theory ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
Content Structure ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Future ◽  
Relevant Material

The purpose of the article is to familiarize the reader with the content, structure and scientific foundations of the presentation of topics in the manuscript of the future textbook on the Chuvash language for students of grades 10-11 of schools with their native language of instruction. The research material is the manuscript of the textbook "Chuvash language" for grades 10-11 of schools with a native (Chuvash) language of instruction. The comparative-analytical method of research is used in the work. The manuscript was prepared in accordance with the program approved by the resolution of the Federal Educational and Methodological Association (Protocol No. 3/20 of September 17, 2020). This program is aimed at repeating and fixing the material of grades 5-9. In this regard, the manuscript includes relevant material for this purpose. The new topic is mainly the topic of "Language and speech economy". All topics are presented in accordance with the achievements of modern language theory. The author, as well as professor I.A. Andreev, believes that the study of the topic "Phraseology" is inappropriate. Studying a word out of connection with syntax does not reveal the essence of the use of certain affixes. For example, syntactic affixes can take both individual words and phrases. Therefore, morphemics and morphology should be presented in school taking into account syntax.

scholarly journals “Fat Cats on Golden Parachutes” – about an Idiom Derived from the Language of Politics and its Modifications

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Dorota Połowniak-Wawrzonek ◽  
Agnieszka Rosińska-Mamej
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Golden Parachutes ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Rich People ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Negative Connotation

Due to the influence of the language of politics, the noun phrase, tłuste koty, has become established in modern Polish language. As the research material proves, the idiom fat cats has a negative connotation in the Polish language. Most often, it refers to rich people associated with business, as well as politicians and people in power, such as legislative, executive and judicial. The analysed texts provide many modifications of the expression under analysis, e.g., wypasione pisowskie tłuste koty, tłuste koty w sutannach, tłuste koty nadziane ośmiorniczkami, tłuste koty na złotych spadochronach, lejące krokodyle łzy podczas ucieczki z pogromu kociego na Wall Street, najtłustszy i wredny kot, okrąglutki, milutki, taki kotek tłuściutki. The most important function of modification is to express a critical opinion about people in the category of fatty cats. Through modifications, it is emphasized that the earnings of fatty cats are indecently high, often unreasonable and undeserved. Sharp social opposition causes financiers and politicians to avoid being responsible for their mistakes, for dishonesty. Fat cats are also accused of greed.

scholarly journals The impact of border closure on the economy of a border region – as exemplified by the Polish-German borderland

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Malkowski ◽  
Rafał Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
The Impact

A change in the functions fulfilled by borders creates new circumstances affecting the development of border areas. The Polish-German borderland area is an example of a peripheral region which, due to the liberalization of border regulations, has undergone a clear socio-economic transformation. Shopping tourism has been one of the factors leading to the emergence of the region’s new economic model. The border’s closure to free traffic in March 2020 made it impossible for foreign nationals to visit Poland for shopping purposes. The article presents selected results of research into shopping tourism as a factor in the development of peripheral areas in the context of the ongoing pandemic. The paper uses data made available by GUS (Statistics Poland) and the Border Guard (Straż Graniczna), as well as the author’s own research based on the CATI methodology. The study indicates the importance of cross-border trade in the development of the Polish-German border areas. As a result of the closure of the borders, tourists stopped shopping in the region, which affected both the local and regional economy

scholarly journals Selected polite expressions in contemporary Polish written in Ukraine (against the background of the Polish nationwide standard)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Ałła Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Linguistic Label ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Press ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
General Standard

The aim of the article is to show some deviations from the Polish nationwide rules in selected polite expressions in the written text on a large amount of research material (over two thousand units), extracted from almost half a thousand issues of Polonia newspapers, published in Ukraine in the 21st century. What is analysed are some peculiarities of the structure of these units against the background of their pragmatic Polish nationwide equivalents, their functions in the press text of the inherited Polish language, and the communication capabilities both within and without the studied communicative community. The influence of Ukrainian polite expressions on the studied expressions of inherited Polish language is evaluated. The research results give rise to a reflection on the issue of differential acceptability — against the background of the general standard — of the features of the linguistic label in the inherited Polish language in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Uczynić tradycję bliższą uczniowskim doświadczeniom… – refleksje o współczesnym czytaniu poezji w szkole ponadpodstawowej

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (330) ◽  
pp. 350-365
Author(s):  
Dorota Karkut
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the articleis to discuss the problem of reading poetry in the changing educational reality. As research material, I used the statements made by students on how to work with poetica Texas Turing Polish language lessons in secondary school as well as testimonies of the reception of the works of Jan Kochanowski and Ignacy Krasicki, taking into account the experiences of contemporary teenagers, collected in questionnaires. 

scholarly journals Use of EU Funds in Promotion of Peripheral Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Maciej Stawicki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
The Eu

AbstractSubject and purpose of work: The aim of this paper is to assess the use of EU funds in promotion of peripheral areas on the example of five provinces of Eastern Poland. The detailed objectives are defined as follows: identification of projects co-financed by the EU aimed at promoting economy or tourism, including promotion of tourism-related products and assessment of using the EU funds in promotion of Polish enterprises abroad. Materials and methods: The research material is a database of projects co-financed from EU funds for 2007-2013, projects devoted to carrying out promotional activities (economic or tourist promotion) were selected for the analyses. Results: Spatial and quantitative diversification of promotional activities co-financed from EU funds in Eastern Poland was quite significant, with the highest absorption in the Lublin province. Among beneficiaries implementing promotional projects the largest group were entrepreneurs and local governments, primarily at the commune level. Conclusions: In the examined area, EU funds were used primarily to promote enterprises on foreign markets, also through participation in trade fairs organised on many continents, and to promote economy and tourism of local government units.

scholarly journals The Concepts CENTRE and PERIPHERY in the History of Linguistics: From Field Theory to Modern Cognitivism

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Skrebtsova
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Prototype Theory ◽  
Cognitive Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prague School ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Lexical Fields

The terms “centre” and “periphery” commonly used nowadays in cognitive studies of language can be traced to earlier linguistic theories. One is field theory advanced by German linguists in the inter-war period. Here, the notions of centre and periphery, along with an array of other spatial images served to visualize the structure of lexical fields. Another tradition in the use of the terms stems from the works of the Prague linguistic circle. Czech scholars claimed that linguistic units vary in their degree of integration into the system. Well -integrated items are associated with the notion of centre while those lacking integration are characterized as peripheral. Cognitive linguistics has offered yet another perspective on the notions concerned. Drawing on Eleanor Rosch’s prototype theory, centre is associated with the category’s best example and periphery with its non-typical members. Thus, terms being the same, their implications differ significantly. It turns out that both field theory and Prague school used them in the context of language-as-an-autonomous-structure view, in accordance with the dominant structuralist paradigm. Cognitive linguistics picked up the psychological approach to the notions of centre and periphery, linking them to subjects’ ratings of category members, and hence to our mental models of the world. These interpretations more often are compatible than non-compatible.

scholarly journals Szkolnictwo protestanckie i jego wpływ na polszczyznę cieszyńską przełomu XVIII i XIX wieku

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Jana Raclavská
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Common

The article presents the part of the research material based on Silesian language from the Cieszyn area. The author analyses works written by Cieszyn protestant secondary grammar school students which have preserved in archives of Tschammer´s Library. The manuscripts which were studied date back to turn of the eighteenth century. The research proved that spoken language in Cieszyn differ from the common Polish language of that time in every level of language.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document