scholarly journals Surface Analysis for Signs of Corrosion of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances Used In Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
M. Łępicka ◽  
M. Grądzka-Dahlke
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Casting Defects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The objective was to evaluate and assess the surface quality of fixed orthodontic appliances after intraoral usage for several months. Nine sets of orthodontic brackets by three different manufacturers and twelve archwires differing in chemical composition were analyzed in a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer for signs of corrosion. Obtained results showed that the majority of the evaluated appliances displayed no traces of corrosion. Machining or casting defects hardly ever act as the origins of corrosion processes. However, some samples displayed signs of corrosion of a galvanic and pitting nature. The authors claim, that despite the surface defects, most of the appliances were able to retain the desired corrosion resistance, although in some cases these flaws could act as the origin of corrosion processes.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Corrosion Resistance and Microbial Protection Analysis of a Rosin Coating with the Incorporation of Leucaena leucocephala

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Wan Mohamad Ikhmal Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman ◽  
Maria Fazira Mohd Fekeri ◽  
Muhamad Syaizwadi Shaifudin ◽  
Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah ◽  
Wan Mohd Norsani Wan Nik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coating Formulation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract (LLE) was incorporated as an additive in a new coating formulation. The coatings containing different wt.% of the extracts were analysed by optical characterizations and we proceeded to the antimicrobial assessment. The coating was applied onto the surface of stainless steel grade 316L and immersed in seawater for 50 days. A batch of specimens was collected every 10 days and evaluated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX). The incorporation of 3 wt.% LLE into the coating (P2) matrix remarkably boosted the barrier quality of the coating.

scholarly journals Influence of the Nb and V Addition on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of the Fe-B-Co-Si Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4045
Author(s):  
Rafał Mech ◽  
Jolanta Gąsiorek ◽  
Amadeusz Łaszcz ◽  
Bartosz Babiarczuk
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Final Performance ◽  
Differential Calorimeter ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper presents a comparison of the results of the corrosion resistance for three Fe-B-Co-Si-based newly developed alloys with the addition of Nb and V. The corrosion performance differences and microstructure variations were systematically studied using scanning electron microscope, electric corrosion equipment, X-ray diffractometer, and differential calorimeter. It has been shown that each alloying addition increased the corrosion resistance. The highest corrosion resistance obtained by potentiodynamic polarization was found for the alloy with both Nb and V addons (Fe57Co10B20Si5Nb4V4) and lowest in the case of the basic four-element Fe62Co15B14Si9 material. This shows that the proper choice of additions is of significant influence on the final performance of the alloy and allows tailoring of the material for specific applications.

scholarly journals Scanning electron microscopic examination of enamel surface after fixed orthodontic treatment: In-vivo study

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijana Sessa ◽  
Jelena Civovic ◽  
Tina Pajevic ◽  
Jovana Juloski ◽  
Milos Beloica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

Introduction. Therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances starts with bracket bonding and ends with debonding of brackets, leaving enamel surface varied. Objective. The aim of this pilot study was to examine enamel surface before and after debonding of orthodontic brackets by the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods. Epoxy replicas of four patients? premolars indicated for therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances were made and brackets were bonded to their teeth with a different adhesives (Enlight, No-mix, Fuji Ortho LC and Heliosit Orthodontic) (n=4). Two months later, brackets on premolars were debonded and amounts of adhesive left on the tooth surfaces and the bracket bases were evaluated with the adhesive remnant index (ARI). After resin removal, epoxy replicas were made and the surface of premolars was evaluated with the enamel surface index (ESI). All replicas of premolars (n=32) were prepared for SEM examination and compared under different magnifications. Tooth damage was estimated based on correlation between ARItooth and ESI. Results. Pearson?s ?2 test showed no significant differences between ARItooth and ARIbracket of four materials used. Nonparametric correlations showed significant differences between ARItooth and ARIbracket, ESI and ARItooth, and between ESI and ARIbracket. Increasing of ARItooth is followed with the descent of ARIbracket and the ascent of ESI. Multivariate regression analysis showed a significant correlation between ESI and ARItooth. Conclusion. Most bond failures took place at enamel-adhesive interface. ARItooth was a predictor to enamel surface damage. The type of material did not affect enamel surface damage.

Effect of Bismuth on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Galvanized Coating

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Wang ◽  
Xing Ming Wang ◽  
Chun Mei Liu ◽  
Xu Ping Su ◽  
Chang Jun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Phase Layer ◽  
Corrosion Tests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Galvanized Coating ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructure of the galvanized coating was investigated using scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope. The immersing and electrochemical corrosion tests were carried out to study the corrosion resistance of the galvanized coating. The addition of Bi in Zn-bath affects remarkably the morphology of the galvanized coating. The thickness of δ + ζ phase layer in the coating reaches the maximum when the content of Bi in Zn-bath is 0.5 wt.%. The corrosion resistance of the galvanized coating declines with the increase of the content of Bi.

scholarly journals Improvement on Fully Filled Through Silicon Vias by Optimized Sputtering and Electroplating Conditions

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Seed Layer ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Through Silicon Vias ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
Silicon Vias ◽  
Scanning Electron

The high reliability of electroplating through silicon vias (TSVs) is an attractive hotspot in the application of high-density integrated circuit packaging. In this paper, improvements for fully filled TSVs by optimizing sputtering and electroplating conditions were introduced. Particular attention was paid to the samples with different seed layer structures. These samples were fabricated by different sputtering and treatment approaches, and accompanied with various electroplating profile adjustments. The images were observed and characterized by X-ray equipment and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that optimized sputtering and electroplating conditions can help improve the quality of TSVs, which could be interpreted as the interface effect of the TSV structure.

Fabrication of W/Cu Functionally Gradient Materials by Multi-Billet Extrusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 1511-1516
Author(s):  
Jian Xin Xie ◽  
Shi Bo Li ◽  
Shu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Functionally Gradient Materials ◽  
Homogeneous Microstructure ◽  
Gradient Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functionally Gradient ◽  
Scanning Electron

W/Cu functionally gradient materials (FGMs) are fabricated by a novel process—multi-billet extrusion (MBE). Different W/Cu superfine powders made by mechanical alloying (MA) are used to improve the sinterability of W/Cu compacts. Good quality of three-layer W/Cu extrudes are obtained after confirming the extrusion parameters and the type and the content of binder during extrusion process. The green products are pressureless sintered at the temperature range of 1100-1300 oC for 1 h. W/Cu FGMs with relatively high density and high homogeneous microstructure are attained after sintering at 1200 oC for 1 h. The mechanisms for the enhance of sinterability and improvement of density of the mechanical alloyed (MAed) W-Cu powder products have been discussed. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope are used to identify and observe phase constitution and microstructure, respectively.

Fabrication of Accurate Diamond - Metal Composite Cutting Blade by Electrotyping Method

2006 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
L.L. Fang ◽  
Bing Lin Zhang ◽  
Ning Yao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Photoemission Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrolytic Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, we report that the experimental results of fabricated diamond-metal composite film. Electrotyping method was used to deposit the thick film. During the deposition, low internal stress electrolytic solution, the electric current density of cathode, PH value, temperature, the distance between cathode and anode, the pretreatment of motherboard cathode were selected simultaneously. It was found that stirring strongly affected the quality of the film. Especially stirring velocity affected the distribution of diamond grains. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to measure the surface morphology, the crystal microstructure, diamond grains distribution and the chemical environment of the film.

Effect of Incident Angle on Laser Transformation Hardening Layer Microstructure and Properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 606-610
Author(s):  
Xing Wu Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Transformation Hardening ◽  
40Cr Steel ◽  
Scanning Electron

Laser transformation hardening was carried out by HL-1500 CO2 laser on 40Cr steel. The macroscopic and properties were analysised by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, microhardness meter and potentiostat. The result indicated that, the hardening layer is mainly constitute by Fe-Cr, C0.09Fe1.91, Fe2Si. After laser transformation hardening the hardness enhanced greatly, the maximum of hardness appears in the subsurface, which value is as about four times as that of the substrate, both wear resistance and corrosion resistance are improved. With the increase of the laser incident angle, microstructure’s inhomogeneity becomes larger, properties become decreased.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Tunable Multicolor Output, and High Pure Red Upconversion Emission of Lanthanide-Doped Lu2O3Nanosheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzhen Yin ◽  
Tianmei Zeng ◽  
Zhigao Yi ◽  
Chao Qian ◽  
Hongrong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Upconversion Emission ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Dehydration Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Yb3+and Ln3+(Ln = Er, Ho) codoped Lu2O3square nanocubic sheets were successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method followed by a subsequent dehydration process. The crystal phase, morphology, and composition of hydroxide precursors and target oxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS). Results present the as-prepared Lu2O3crystallized in cubic phase, and the monodispersed square nanosheets were maintained both in hydroxide and oxides. Moreover, under 980 nm laser diode (LD) excitation, multicolor output from red to yellow was realized by codoped different lanthanide ions in Lu2O3. It is noteworthy that high pure strong red upconversion emission with red to green ratio of 443.3 of Er-containing nanocrystals was obtained, which is beneficial forin vivooptical bioimaging.

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