scholarly journals The Old City of Al Zubair. The Emergence and Physical Reality (1571-1882 Iraq)

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Firas Sami Abdulaziz Alqatrani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Reality ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
The City ◽  
Constant Growth ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Suitable Environment

Abstract The natural advantages of the site of the city of Al Zubair contributed to its becoming a stable settlement for the tribes migrating from Najd and Hejaz during the last four centuries. These features gave the city a fundamental stability and constant growth, turning it, later, into one of the main cities in the region and an important commercial centre. This research study aims to examine the historical dimensions of Al Zubair's emergence, as well as the physical housing reality within the boundaries of the walled city (which represents the first phase of the city's development), and to identify the role of people adapting the local conditions of the place in ways that made it a suitable environment for human habitation. The morphological method has been used in this study of the physical reality of the city. This sequential historical method grants geography an important third dimension: time. Al Zubair is, in terms of its architecture, a history written in the form of buildings, streets, and various other facilities; it is an historic compound that cannot be comprehended without an understanding of and insight into its historical development.

scholarly journals Land financialisation, planning informalisation and gentrification as statecraft in Antwerp

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110282
Author(s):  
Callum Ward
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Informal Governance ◽  
Value Capture ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Roll Out

This article offers insight into the role of the state in land financialisation through a reading of urban hegemony. This offers the basis for a conjunctural analysis of the politics of planning within a context in which authoritarian neoliberalism is ascendant across Europe. I explore this through the case of Antwerp as it underwent a hegemonic shift in which the nationalist neoliberal party the New Flemish Alliance (Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie; N-VA) ended 70 years of Socialist Party rule and deregulated the city’s technocratic planning system. However, this unbridling of the free market has led to the creation of high-margin investment products rather than suitable housing for the middle classes, raising concerns about the city’s gentrification strategy. The consequent, politicisation of the city’s planning system led to controversy over clientelism which threatened to undermine the N-VA’s wider hegemonic project. In response, the city has sought to roll out a more formalised system of negotiated developer obligations, so embedding transactional, market-oriented informal governance networks at the centre of the planning system. This article highlights how the literature on land financialisation may incorporate conjunctural analysis, in the process situating recent trends towards the use of land value capture mechanisms within the contradictions and statecraft of contemporary neoliberal urbanism.

scholarly journals PERGESERAN MAKNA FILOSOFIS ALUN-ALUN KOTA BANDUNG PADA ABAD XIX – ABAD XXI

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Miftahul Falah ◽  
Agusmanon Yuniadi ◽  
Rina Adyawardhina
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
The City ◽  
City Park

Sebagai kota yang dibangun dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kosmologis, alun-alun merupakan salah satu elemen pembentuk Kota Bandung sejak menjadi pusat pemerintahan Kabupaten Bandung pada 25 September 1810. Alun-alun Kota Bandung mengalami perubahan fungsi, dari titik batas ruang profan dan ruang sakral menjadi ruang terbuka publik sehingga makna filosofisnya mengalami pergeseran. Untuk memahami perubahan tersebut secara kronologis, dilakukan penelitian historis dengan menerapkan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perkembangannya, warga Kota Bandung tidak lagi memandang alun-alun sebagai salah satu elemen penyeimbang antara makrokosmos dan mikrokosmos, melainkan sebagai ruang terbuka publik tempat bersosialisasi seluruh warga kota. Fungsi Alun-alun Kota Bandung menunjukkan perubahan, dari sebuah lapangan terbuka dengan fungsi administratif kota tradisional hingga menjadi sebuah taman kota yang menjadi destinasi wisata di pusat kota sehingga memperlihatkan fungsi sosial-ekonomi.As a city that was built which takes the cosmological aspect into consideration, the square is one of the elements that formed the city of Bandung since becoming the capital of Bandung Regency on September 25, 1810. Its changing functions, which were traditionally perceived as a boundary of profane and sacred space into modern public open space, reflected a shifting in philosophical meaning. To understand the changes chronologically, this paper uses historical method which consists of four stages, namely, heuristics, critique, interpretation, and historiography. The results show that gradually the citizens of Bandung no longer look at the city square as one of the elements of the balance between the macrocosm and microcosm, but rather as a place for community gatherings. Its function changes from an open field with the administrative role of the traditional city into a city park that became a tourist destination in the city centre with socio-economic functions.

scholarly journals THE EMERGENCE AND IMPACT OF MONEY IN GREECE AND LIFE BACK THEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Haifa Abdul Rahman AL SHAAFI
Keyword(s):  
Historical Review ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The City ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Greek Civilization

The Greek civilization is one of the basic elements of the so-called civilization conflict in ancient times, and history has preserved the echo of that conflict, but historians have been limited to describing and evaluating the conflict without focusing on the role of money in managing the movement of the conflict, which had an influential nature in the politics of Greece in general , especially after Macedonia entered the line of conflict and took control of the city of Krindes at the foot of Mount Pangios, which is distinguished by its richness of gold, as it made it richer than the rest of the Greek states,Philip took out from it thousands of gold every year, which enabled him to bribe the opposition politicians, and this is where the researchs' importance is marked with the emergence of money in the Greek countries and its impact on life back then. Based on this importance, the reason for choosing this particular topic is of the axes of the historical review conference - Ancient history- as the study aims to find similarities and differences between the money spread in that period since this topic was studied according to the historical method.

scholarly journals Hidden geographies of social justice in an urban environment: the particularities of naturally-occurring arts districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter KUMER ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Right To The City ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Arts Districts ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Despite extensive research on the role arts districts play in the economic development of cities, little is known about the dynamics of social interactions within those districts and their impact on society. Drawing on 26 interviews with actors and stakeholders of arts districts in Ljubljana, this paper explores the role of arts districts in creating a just city. Four dimensions of such districts, which represent the meaningful themes that emerged from the data, are examined. The first dimension is the interrelationship of artists, cultural workers and activists. The second dimension encompasses mutual support and forms of self-governance, whereas the third dimension investigates the role arts districts play in the neighbourhood. The fourth dimension seeks to define the role of arts districts as part of urban development generally driven by capital. The results show that arts districts are important in the struggle for the right to the city. Actors from these districts are committed to addressing the causes of social inequality at their root via artist-led civic engagement activities.

scholarly journals City branding and museum souvenirs: towards improving the St. Petersburg city brand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iuliia Trabskaia ◽  
Iuliia Shuliateva ◽  
Rebecca Abushena ◽  
Valery Gordin ◽  
Mariya Dedova
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
City Brand ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify ways to develop museum shop product, which will possess competitive advantage, and to recommend what should be done to develop such product so that it has a positive impact on the city brand of St. Petersburg.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 76 museums have been studied through the observation method to describe their shops’ inventory in terms of percentages of each product. Mostly St. Petersburg museums were included in the analysis. The observation method enabled the researchers to analyse the inventory of the museum souvenir shops. The findings of the analysis enabled the researchers to reach conclusions about museums’ strategies of product development.FindingsThe research allowed to make the conclusion that although the museum shops in St.Petersburg demonstrate positive tendencies in the development of competitive stores’ products a lot of work is still to be done. Not all museums are characterised by availability of clear strategy for product development. They offer souvenirs (if any) which do not differ from those existing on the market according to topics and functions which are characteristic for them. Recommendations on how to make the product of museum shops more competitive were proposed.Practical implicationsCities need new and fresh ways to create and promote their brands. Museums can contribute to this significantly with the help of souvenirs production. This research will provide insight into the process of how museums can do this by developing their shops’ inventory strategies. Recommendations to improve strategies for creation of competitive product were offered in the paper.Originality/valueIn today’s competitive conditions, museums are creating augmented products and create museum shops. Nevertheless, the role of museum shops in brand creation is underexplored. Museum shops have a high potential for creating high-quality products that may influence the museum and city brand in a positive way, as souvenirs and visual images of museum artifacts play an essential role in making an impression on tourists.

Using Social Media for Participatory City Branding

2017 ◽  
pp. 1459-1481
Author(s):  
Ebru Uzunoglu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

With the rapid explosion of Internet, social media has emerged as a new communication venue for city branding initiative. The aim of this chapter is to provide a deeper understanding of today's communication environment, and in particular, to focus the greater interactivity, engagement and responsiveness of resources in relation to city branding. Thus, this chapter firstly outlines the participatory city branding, which can be considered as an appropriate approach for involving wide range of stakeholders in promoting cities as brands. Secondly, the role of social media and its influential users are scrutinized to better present their importance for city branding. Following this, the examined Instagram campaign to promote the city of Izmir intends to allow greater insight into how to utilize online platforms in order to communicate a city both to its citizens and to global arena. And finally, the chapter leads to practical implications regarding how to benefit from social media for effective participatory city branding.

scholarly journals The role of trust in shaping urban planning in local communities: The case of Hammarkullen, Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (40) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The City

AbstractUrban planning is increasingly focusing on the social aspect of sustainability. The 2014 report Differences in Living Conditions and Health in Gothenburg shows important and increasing inequalities between different parts of the city, a development seen in cities across the world. The city of Gothenburg has set as its goal the decrease in inequalities by joining forces with civil society, the private sector, academia and people living in the city. Participation and inclusion become important tools in city planning processes for the authorities to understand local conditions, particularly to understand the living conditions of people in socio-economically marginalised areas, whose voices are rarely listened to, and to enable their active participation in shaping outcomes. In this article, we explore the role of trust in improving urban planning, and in shaping possibilities for participation that is positively experienced, in the sense that it increases people’s sense of control over their neighbourhoods. Based on empirical work in Hammarkullen, a socio-economically marginalised area in Gothenburg, the article shows how specific local configurations of trust have an impact on local development plans. It further shows how participatory practices coarticulate with the local social situation to shape outcomes in a certain way. Grounded in the empirical study, the paper argues for the importance of understanding the local conditions of trust and how they interact with planning processes in shaping outcomes and future possibilities of cooperation. Further, the paper argues for the need to take the local conditions of trust into account early in the planning phase.

Using Social Media for Participatory City Branding

2017 ◽  
pp. 94-116
Author(s):  
Ebru Uzunoglu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

With the rapid explosion of Internet, social media has emerged as a new communication venue for city branding initiative. The aim of this chapter is to provide a deeper understanding of today's communication environment, and in particular, to focus the greater interactivity, engagement and responsiveness of resources in relation to city branding. Thus, this chapter firstly outlines the participatory city branding, which can be considered as an appropriate approach for involving wide range of stakeholders in promoting cities as brands. Secondly, the role of social media and its influential users are scrutinized to better present their importance for city branding. Following this, the examined Instagram campaign to promote the city of Izmir intends to allow greater insight into how to utilize online platforms in order to communicate a city both to its citizens and to global arena. And finally, the chapter leads to practical implications regarding how to benefit from social media for effective participatory city branding.

It Began with Gymnastics…

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Vladan Vukašinović ◽  
Violeta Šiljak ◽  
Sonja Kocić ◽  
Saša Vajić
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Basic Hypothesis ◽  
The Military ◽  
Insight Into

Summary The goal of this research was to provide insight into and systematisation of data relevant for the emergence and development of gymnastics in the Principality, and later Kingdom of Serbia, based on a review of monographic and serially published sources. The basic hypothesis was founded on the expectation that a direct link would be established between gymnastics, as the pivot of the programme, as well as its forms of physical exercise, and the emergence and development of organised physical exercising system in the civilian gymnastic and Sokol associations. In this research the historical method was applied. The results presented in this paper showed that gymnastics was the first and the chief component of the military and school physical exercising programs, as well as the significant role of gymnastics in the development of civilian gymnastic, Army and Sokol associations, and in the popularisation and development of modern sports at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century in Serbia. The development of gymnastics was accompanied by the provision of suitable exercising conditions, the organisation of professional courses for the gymnastics teachers and the publishing of appropriate literature.

Respect and the city: the mediating role of respect in citizen participation

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Zenker ◽  
Adrian Seigis
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Citizen Satisfaction ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Public Protest ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeTo develop a city, officials frequently invest a great deal of taxpayers' money in large‐scale place development projects, which are often sparsely supported by the citizens because such projects often lead to unwanted effects (such as gentrification). This results in conflicts between planners and citizens, which are expressed in public protest and resistance. The instrument of citizen participation is repeatedly raised as a solution for such conflicts, but it remains unclear how and especially why this concept should be effective. The purpose of this paper is to empirically highlight the mediating role in this process: the feeling of being respected. By this means, the paper will contribute to a better general understanding of citizen participation.Design/methodology/approachIn an experimental scenario study (n=368), different types of citizen participation (i.e. cases where the result was binding for the city vs non‐binding) were researched using a between‐groups design. To validate results, in a second step, the outcome was discussed with three experts, all of whom have worked in the field.FindingsSurprisingly, it seems that neither the type of participation nor satisfaction with the project makes a difference with regards to citizen satisfaction, but simply the condition of being asked. One could argue that the feeling of being respected is the main mediator in this process. These results show the effectiveness of the participation tool in general, and give a possible explanation for this effect.Originality/valueThis paper concentrates on the variables underlying citizen participation. It shows empirically that the feeling of being respected is the mediator within this process. By this means, the paper offers a valuable insight into citizen participation in general and discusses its usage in place marketing.

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