scholarly journals Impact of Sowing Interval on the Yield and Yield Contributing Traits of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under the Tropical Circumstance

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
M. Hakeem ◽  
M. Waseem ◽  
D.M. Baloch ◽  
M.A. Khan ◽  
Q. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Sesame Genotypes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The experiment was conducted to study the impact of sowing interval on the yield and yield contributing traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), under the tropical circumstance, during 2016, at the research area present near Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Science, Uthal, Balochistan. Experimental treatments were comprising three varieties of sesame, SV1 (TS-5), SV2 (TH-6) and SV3 (4002), and cultivated under different three sowing dates, at 15 days interval: S1 = 1st sowing (15 March 2016), S2 = 2nd sowing (1st April 2016) and S3 =3rd sowing (15 April 2016). The results of various observations, i.e. plant height at maturity (cm), 1000-seed weight (g), seed mass (t ha−1), yield index (%) rooting depth (cm) and root weight per plant was found to be significant both for the all the sowing dates and sesame genotypes. Non significant finding was observed in traits of biological yield per plant (g) and root-shoot ratio. Whereas interaction among all the treatment factors was non-significant. Maximum yield and yields contributing parameters was observed in S3 = 3rd sowing (15 April 2016) and sesame genotype SV1 (TS-5), followed by SV2 (TH-6), while minimum yield was noted in S3 = 3rd sowing (15 April 2016) and SV3 (4002) sesame genotypes. On the basis of the coastal agroclimatic condition of district Lasbela, it was concluded that maximum yield production was achieved from the sesame variety (TS-5), as compared to other two sesame (TH-6 and 4002) varieties. Sowing date of sesame at 15th April 2016 was more productive, as compared to the other sowing interval. Coastal climatic condition is feasible for sesame cultivation, especially for the sesame variety (TS-5).

scholarly journals The impact of anthropogenically -controlled factors on the formation of root mass and yield of rice under drip irrigation in the lower volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
I. P. Kruzhilin ◽  
N. N. Dubenok ◽  
M. A. Ganiev ◽  
K. A. Rodin ◽  
A. B. Nevezhina
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
The Impact

The results of studies on the influence of water or nutrient regimes of the soil on the formation of the root system of rice when watering drip system. Thus, while maintaining the water regime of the soil not less than 80% of HB in the 0.6 m layer, the root mass was in the three years in the 0.4 m layer 4.96, and 0.6 m - 5.64 t/ha. In the variant where soil moisture was maintained at least 80% HB and the depth of soil wetting until the end of the tillering phase by 0.4 with a further decrease to 0.6 m, the plants differed in maximum foliage and habitus, which contributed to an increase in the root mass of aerobic rice in the layer of 0.4 m to 5.40, and in the layer of 0.6 m 6.14 t/ha. In the variant of the water regime of the soil with a moisture content of not less than 80% HB from sowing to the end of the tillering phase in a layer of 0.4 m, followed by a decrease to 0.6 m, and from wax to full ripeness of grain not less than 70% HB the volume of roots compared to the second option for three years in a layer of 0.4 m became less by 0.18 t/ha, and in a layer of 0.6 0.20 t/ha, but more than the first in a layer of 0.4 m by 0.26 m and 0.6 m 0.30 t/ha. Also had a great influence on the root system of aerobic rice. Thus, its lowest value, 5.46 t/ha for the three years, was formed when making N95P62K75 (5 t/ha). Making N114P74K90 (6 t/ha) increased root weight by 0.48 t/ha regarding the N95P62K75 dose (5 t/ha), but was below making N137P90K108 (7 t/ha) 0.60 t/ha. In the result of the conducted researches it was established that maximum yield of grain (of 6.95 t/ha) was obtained in variant water regime of soil 80% of NV in layers of 0.4 and 0.6 m, making N137P90K108 (7 t/ha). The minimum yield, 4.88 t/ha, was obtained in the variant of soil water regime of 80% of NV in a layer of 0.6 m with the introduction of N95P62K75 (5 t/ha).

scholarly journals Efect of sowing dates and seed rates of flax intercropped with sugar beet on productivity of both crops and competitive relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 3074-3089
Author(s):  
ASEM M. K. ABD-RABBOH ◽  
YASER MAZROU ◽  
AMAL M. A. EL-BORHAMY ◽  
WILLIAM K. L. ABDELMASIEH ◽  
YASER HAFEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Flax Straw

The aim of intercropping flax on sugar beet is to increase the cultivated area with flax due to widely cultivated area of sugar beet. So, a field experiment was carried out to study the effect of various sowing dates and seed rates of flax intercropped with sugar beet on yield, quality and economic evaluation. The main-plots were assigned to three sowing dates of flax intercropped with sugar beet and the sub-plots were allocated to four seed rates of flax. The results show that sowing date of flax after 35 days from sowing (DFS) sugar beet resulted in the highest values of sugar beet yields and quality. Maximum values of flax straw and seed yields resulted from sowing flax after 21 DFS sugar beet. Intercropping sugar beet with flax at 12.5% from recommended seed rate on top sugar beet terraces attained the most elevated values of sugar beet yield and quality. Sowing flax at 50% from recommended rate resulted in the best values of flax technical and fruiting zone length, also straw and seed yield/hectare. The maximum yield and economic return of both crops were obtained from sowing flax at 12.5% from recommended rate after (21 or 35) DFS sugar beet.

scholarly journals Effect of Sowing Dates on the Yield of Sunflower

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulbul Ahmed ◽  
Mousumi Sultana ◽  
Jesmin Zaman ◽  
Santos Kumar Paul ◽  
Md Mokhlesur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Sowing Dates

The experiment was carried out at Agronomy Research field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Hathazari, Chittagong to find out optimum sowing date of sunflower during rabi season 2012-13. The sunflower var. BARI Surjomukhi-2 was used. Five sowing dates; 10 November, 20 November, 30 November, 10 December and 20 December were tested. It was revealed that yield and yield attributes of sunflower were significantly influenced by sowing dates. The maximum plant height (172.13 cm), head diameter (18.33), weight of seed / per head (66 g), 1000- seed weight (68 g) and yield (2.5 t ha?1) were obtained from 20 November sowing. The lowest yield (1.83 t ha?1) was obtained from 20 December sowing. The 20 November sowing received the higher duration for maturity (127 days), first flowering (57 days) and seed formation (20 days) while 20 December sowing showed shorter duration for maturity, first flowering and seed formation of 119, 54 and 14 days respectively. It was concluded that the 20 November sowing would be the optimum time of sowing for achieving maximum yield of sunflower.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2015, 18(1): 1-5

scholarly journals Monitoring and Modelling Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield Gap in Smallholder Farming in Ghana

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Eric Owusu Danquah ◽  
Yacob Beletse ◽  
Richard Stirzaker ◽  
Christopher Smith ◽  
Stephen Yeboah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Set Up

Modelling and multiple linear regression were used to explore the reason for low maize yield in the Atebubu-Amantin and West Mamprusi Districts of Ghana, West Africa. The study evaluated maize yields on twenty farms against measures of soil fertility, agronomic attributes and soil water availability. Correlations between yield, soil fertility, rain, crop density, and weed biomass, were low, and no single factor could explain the low yields. A 50-year virtual experiment was then set up using the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) to explore the interactions between climate, crop management (sowing date and nitrogen fertilization) and rooting depth on grain yield and nitrate (NO3-N) dynamics. The analysis showed that a lack of optimal sowing dates that synchronize radiation, rainfall events and nitrogen (N) management with critical growth stages explained the low farm yields.

scholarly journals Impact of Zinc levels and sowing dates on Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Nihal Dwivedi ◽  
Umesha C. ◽  
Wasim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
The Impact

A field experiment was conducted at Central Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P.) during Zaid-2020 to study about the impact of Zinc levels and sowing dates on the crop Pearl Millet. The soil of experimental site was sandy loam in texture and nearly neutral in soil reaction. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and having nine treatment consisted of sowing dates viz., D1 (Sowing date of April 24th), D2 (Sowing date of May 02nd), D3 (Sowing date of May 11th) and Zinc viz., Z1 (15 kg/ha), Z2 (20 kg/ha), Z3 (25 kg/ha) which were replicated thrice and the impact was observed on Pearl Millet crop. The result revealed that, application of Zinc at 25kg/ha with the sowing date of May 11th recorded significantly higher plant height (215.97 cm), Dry weight (110.87 g), number of leaves/plant (15.9), Test weight (7.73 g), Grain yield (2.42 t/ha), Stover yield (7.62), net returns ( 67,293) and B:C ratio (2.84)

INFLUENCE OF SOWING DATE ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BAMBARA GROUNDNUT LANDRACES IN TANZANIA

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. COLLINSON ◽  
K. P. SIBUGA ◽  
A. J. P. TARIMO ◽  
S. N. AZAM-ALI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Significant Difference

Sequential sowings were carried out at Dodoma, Tanzania, to examine the effect of changing climatic parameters on the growth and yield of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea). Sowings took place on 4 January, 4 February and 4 March 1994; 4 and 24 January, and 13 February 1995; 4 and 21 January, and 7 February 1996. Rainfall during the crop life cycle varied from 163 to 611 mm, mean photoperiod from 11.82 to 12.09 h d−1 and mean temperature from 22.6 to 24.4 °C. In 1994, the highest pod yields were achieved at the earliest sowing date, with a maximum of 2.87 and 1.42 t ha−1 for the red- and cream-seeded landraces, representing pod harvest indices of 0.56 and 0.34 respectively. A 30-d delay in sowing caused >60% reduction in pod yield, and a further 30-d delay resulted in no pods at all. Similarly, in 1995 successive delays in sowing caused dramatic yield declines, and the maximum yield was much lower, at 0.44 t ha−1. In 1996 there was no significant difference in pod yields between the two early sowing dates for the red-seeded landrace and yields were again lower than in 1994 with a maximum of 1.02 t ha−1. Differences in dry matter production between sowings and years were attributed mainly to differences in the amount and distribution of rainfall and to declining temperatures towards the end of the season; however, partitioning to pods was remarkably consistent across sowings.

scholarly journals Seeding date, photoperiod and nitrogen effects on specific leaf area of field-grown wheat

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Hotsonyame ◽  
L. A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Individual Leaf ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
The Impact

Specific leaf area (SLA), the ratio of leaf area to leaf weight, is an important plant characteristic that affects the rate of dry matter production of crop canopies. It is affected by the conditions of growth of both isolated plants and crop communities, but the extent to which various environmental factors impact on SLA under field conditions is not clearly understood. This study was conducted to study the variability in SLA of leaves on the main culm, and in the leaf canopy as an entity, under different conditions of photoperiod, nitrogen and temperature for a number of wheat genotypes grown under field conditions. Five plantings at approximately bimonthly intervals on 12 May, 5 July and 22 September 1993; and on 9 June and 10 August 1994 were made under both natural photoperiod and an extended photoperiod of 20 h. A split plot design with two levels of nitrogen (0 kg N ha−1 and 150 kg N ha−1) as main plots and four genotypes of wheat comprising two spring types (Norseman and Roblin) and two winter types (Ruby and Harus) as subplots was used.SLA of individual leaves varied among leaf positions, but the pattern of variation was dependent on sowing date and genotype. For May and June sowing dates, SLA increased with leaf number up to leaf 5 and then declined with subsequent leaf numbers for the spring genotypes, but increased to leaf 5 and changed little thereafter for the winter types. For July or August sowing and for both spring and winter genotypes, the change in SLA with leaf position was less clear. The results further showed that some of this variability in SLA with leaf position could be accounted for by the mean air temperatures over which the leaves developed. As temperatures increased from 8 °C to 26 °C, SLA increased to a maximum value achieved at 18–20 °C and then declined. However, there was a large scatter of SLA values around 18–20 °C, due partly to some lower SLA values for the July and August sowing dates. This suggests the impact of other factors such as radiation and the degree of mutual shading within the canopy on SLA. Mean canopy SLA reflected the individual leaf values during the period of leaf production, and varied with sowing date and genotype, although the pattern of genotypic variability was inconsistent over sowing dates; it decreased rapidly after spike emergence presumably reflecting leaf aging. Neither nitrogen nor photoperiod had significant effects on SLA on both individual leaf and canopy bases.The results suggest that temperature is one factor affecting SLA under field conditions, but that further work to identify other factors impacting on SLA in the field will be necessary. For application of simulation models to situations in which temperatures are likely to vary, an accounting for the impact of temperature on the SLA of individual leaves would be desirable. Key words: Specific leaf area (SLA), sowing date, temperature, simulation, wheat

scholarly journals Adapting wheat sowing dates to projected climate change in the Australian subtropics: analysis of crop water use and yield

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Cammarano ◽  
Bruno Basso ◽  
Lydia Stefanova ◽  
Peter Grace
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
The Impact

Projected increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and air temperature associated with future climate change are expected to affect crop development, crop yield, and, consequently, global food supplies. They are also likely to change agricultural production practices, especially those related to agricultural water management and sowing date. The magnitude of these changes and their implications to local production systems are mostly unknown. The objectives of this study were to: (i) simulate the effect of projected climate change on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Lang) yield and water use for the subtropical environment of the Darling Downs, Queensland, Australia; and (ii) investigate the impact of changing sowing date, as an adaptation strategy to future climate change scenarios, on wheat yield and water use. The multi-model climate projections from the IPCC Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) for the period 2030–2070 were used in this study. Climate scenarios included combinations of four changes in air temperature (0°C, 1°C, 2°C, and 3°C), three [CO2] levels (380 ppm, 500 ppm, and 600 ppm), and three changes in rainfall (–30%, 0%, and +20%), which were superimposed on observed station data. Crop management scenarios included a combination of six sowing dates (1 May, 10 May, 20 May, 1 June, 10 June, and 20 June) and three irrigation regimes (no irrigation (NI), deficit irrigation (DI), and full irrigation (FI)). Simulations were performed with the model DSSAT 4.5, using 50 years of daily weather data. We found that: (1) grain yield and water-use efficiency (yield/evapotranspiration) increased linearly with [CO2]; (2) increases in [CO2] had minimal impact on evapotranspiration; (3) yield increased with increasing temperature for the irrigated scenarios (DI and FI), but decreased for the NI scenario; (4) yield increased with earlier sowing dates; and (5) changes in rainfall had a small impact on yield for DI and FI, but a high impact for the NI scenario.

EFFECT OF SOWING DATE ON GRAIN YIELD OF CRAB GRASS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
S. O. Bakare ◽  
M. G. M. Kolo ◽  
J. A. Oladiran
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Sowing Dates

There was a significant interaction effect between the variety and the sowing date for the number of productive tillers, indicating that the response to sowing date varied with the variety. A significant reduction in the number of productive tillers became evident when sowing was delayed till 26 June in the straggling variety as compared to sowing dates in May. Lower numbers of productive tillers were also recorded when the sowing of the erect variety was further delayed till 10 July. The grain yield data showed that it is not advisable to sow the straggling variety later than 12 June, while sowing may continue till about 26 June for the erect variety in the study area.

scholarly journals Impact of an integrated community-based model of care for older people with complex conditions on hospital emergency presentations and admissions: a step-wedged cluster randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Mann ◽  
Fintan Thompson ◽  
Robyn McDermott ◽  
A. Esterman ◽  
Edward Strivens
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Primary Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Open Arch

Abstract Background Health systems must reorient towards preventative and co-ordinated care to reduce hospital demand and achieve positive and fiscally responsible outcomes for older persons with complex needs. Integrated care models can improve outcomes by aligning primary practice with the specialist health and social services required to manage complex needs. This paper describes the impact of a community-facing program that integrates care at the primary-secondary interface on the rate of Emergency Department (ED) presentation and hospital admissions among older people with complex needs. Methods The Older Persons Enablement and Rehabilitation for Complex Health Conditions (OPEN ARCH) study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial with a stepped wedge cluster design. General practitioners (GPs; n = 14) in primary practice within the Cairns region are considered ‘clusters’ each comprising a mixed number of participants. 80 community-dwelling persons over 70 years of age if non-Indigenous and over 50 years of age if Indigenous were included at baseline with no new participants added during the study. Clusters were randomly assigned to one of three steps that represent the time at which they would commence the OPEN ARCH intervention, and the subsequent intervention duration (3, 6, or 9 months). Each participant was its own control. GPs and participants were not blinded. The primary outcomes were ED presentations and hospital admissions. Data were collected from Queensland Health Casemix data and analysed with multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression modelling to estimate the effectiveness of the OPEN ARCH intervention. Data were analysed at the cluster and participant levels. Results Five clusters were randomised to steps 1 and 2, and 4 clusters randomised to step 3. All clusters (n = 14) completed the trial accounting for 80 participants. An effect size of 9% in service use (95% CI) was expected. The OPEN ARCH intervention was found to not make a statistically significant difference to ED presentations or admissions. However, a stabilising of ED presentations and a trend toward lower hospitalisation rates over time was observed. Conclusions While this study detected no statistically significant change in ED presentations or hospital admissions, a plateauing of ED presentation and admission rates is a clinically significant finding for older persons with complex needs. Multi-sectoral integrated programs of care require an adequate preparation period and sufficient duration of intervention for effectiveness to be measured. Trial registration The OPEN ARCH study received ethical approval from the Far North Queensland Human Research Ethics Committee, HREC/17/QCH/104–1174 and is registered on the Australian and New Zealand Trials Registry, ACTRN12617000198325p.

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