Synthesis and structure analysis of polyesteramides modified with bio-based diaminopentane hexanedioic salt

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Wang ◽  
Weihai Xu ◽  
Xueqin Lou ◽  
Xiucai Liu ◽  
Naiqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Multiple Bond ◽  
Amide Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Purified Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

AbstractTwo series of bio-based diaminopentane hexanedioic salt (DHS) modified polyesteramides were successfully synthesized by two different synthesis processes in which DHS reacted with bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) and low molecular weight polyester (LPET), respectively. The intrinsic viscosities of the polyesteramides ranged from 0.62 dl/g to 0.78 dl/g, which correlated greatly with the requirements of subsequent processing such as spinning. The results of the heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) indicated that the diaminopentane segment was directly connected with the purified terephthalic acid (PTA) segment. The presence of ester and amide group characteristic peaks in the Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed that the final resultant products were polyesteramides. The results of elemental analysis showed that the ratio of actual nitrogen content to theoretical nitrogen content of two series of polyesteramides was 76%~90%, and the actual nitrogen content in both series was proportional to the addition of DHS.

Effects of basicity and CaF2 on the viscosity of CaF2–CaO–SiO2 slag for electroslag remelting process

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigui Lao ◽  
Yunming Gao ◽  
Fangjie Deng ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Guangqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Electroslag Remelting ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cylinder Method ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Complex Anions ◽  
Silicate Complex ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Effects of the basicity and the CaF2 content on viscosity of CaF2–CaO–SiO2 slag with high CaF2 content for electroslag remelting process were investigated by the rotating cylinder method in the temperature ranging from 1773 to 1533 K. The relationship between the structure and the viscosity variation of the slag was also clarified by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy of water-quenched slags. The results show that the viscosity gradually decreases with the increase in the basicity of the slag from 1 to 3 under the present experimental conditions. It is found that the CaO does not depolymerize all silicate complex anions for the slag with the basicity of 1 at 1773 K and there are still some bridging oxygens. With the increase in the basicity to 3, the silicate complex anions are almost completely depolymerized to simple ions. As the CaF2 content increases from 40 to 80 mass%, the viscosity of the slag decreases due to the dilution of CaF2 for the concentration of the silicate complex anions in unit volume of the slag. Moreover, the effect of the temperature on the viscosity is not remarkable. The activation energy of viscous flow exhibits the decrease from 40.4 to 26.7 kJ · mol−1 with the increase in the basicity from 1 to 3, and also the decrease from 66.6 to 31.0 kJ · mol−1 with the increase in the CaF2 content from 40 to 80 mass%.

The Research of Silane Oligomer with Lower Valatilization Rate for Protecting Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1318-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yao Sun ◽  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Gao Xia Sun ◽  
Xue Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Hydrophobic Agent ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

As one of the measures to improve the durability of concrete, silane penetrating hydrophobic agents can preserve the properties of respiratory function of concrete and can prevent the penetration from harmful medium such as chloride ions. Because of low molecular weight of the silane penetrating hydrophobic agent such as isobutyl triethoxysilane, high volatilization rate of silane can result in waste of material in construction process. The silane oligomer was obtained by radical polymerization reaction with suitable monomers, initiators and reaction conditions. Furthermore, we verified the structure of the silane oligomer by FT-IR spectroscopy and got its molecular weight by GPC(Gel Permeation Chromatography). The silane oligomer with lower volatilization rate has excellent properties of hydrophobicity, higher penetration depth and resistance to chloride ions penetration.

Quantitative Analysis of Glucose Syrups by ATR/FT-IR Spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1187-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. De Lène Mirouze ◽  
J. C. Boulou ◽  
N. Dupuy ◽  
M. Meurens ◽  
J. P. Huvenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Thanks to what has been achieved by the Fourier transform, infrared spectrometry can now become a state-of-the-art device in quality control laboratories if we consider its precision and the gain in time it ensures in comparison to results from traditional analytical methods such as chromatography. Moreover, the increasing number of new mathematical regression methods such as Partial Least-Squares (PLS) regression allows multicomponent quantitative analysis in mixtures. For instance, the analysis of the three main components (glucose, maltose, and fructose) of the dry substance which represents about 70% (w/v) in glucose syrups can be done with the use of Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy with a precision in the region of 3 to 5%, whereas the time required to obtain an analysis report is about five minutes. The high similarity between the glucose and the maltose may make the analysis difficult.

scholarly journals Characterization of the residues in glass bottle from the Song Dynasty by GC-QTOF---the earliest archaeological recorded ambergris at present

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ding ◽  
Yanru Ma ◽  
Yonghai Fu ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Jiajia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Song Dynasty ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
The Song Dynasty ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Abstract The organic residues in a glass bottle excavated from the Grand Baoen Temple site in the Song Dynasty, in Jiangsu Province, were studied in this paper. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Gas chromatography–quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QMS) and Gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) were applied to characterize the material. By comparing the 7 modern collected ambergris reference samples, the residue in the bottle was identified as ambergris. The biomarker molecule ambrein was detected in the residues via solvent vent mode and the co-eluent of interferent was checked using secondary Q-TOF mode. Furthermore, the occurrence of ambergris in the underground palace demonstrates the well-developed overseas incense trade and the solemn Buddhist culture of using incense in the Song Dynasty.

Mechanical Properties of Sputtered Silicon Oxynitride Films by Nanoindentation

2007 ◽  
Vol 1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
I-Kuan Lin ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Silicon Oxynitride ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Transformation Zone ◽  
Bonding Structure ◽  
Network Time ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Shear Transformation ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

AbstractSilicon oxynitride (SiON) films with different oxygen and nitrogen content were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy study revealed that co-sputterred SiON films were composed of one homogeneous phase of random bonding O-Si-N network. Time-dependent plastic deformation (creep) of SiON films were investigated by depth-sensing nanoindentation at room temperature. Results from nanoindentation creep indicated that plastic flow was relatively less homogenous with increasing nitrogen content in film composition. A deformation mechanism based on atomic bonding structure and shear transformation zone (STZ) plasticity theory was proposed to interpret creep behaviors of sputtered SiON films.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Comparative Study of a New Organic Material 3,4-Diaminobenzophenone Semihydrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Ben Rhaiem ◽  
Habib Boughzala ◽  
Ahmed Driss
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Crystal Structure Analysis ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Unit Cell Dimensions ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The new organic 3,4-diaminobenzophenone semihydrate (34ABPH) is grown by slow evaporation method. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group: C2. The unit cell dimensions are (8) Å, (2) Å, (10) Å, andβ = 99.40 (2)° with . The crystal structure analysis reveals that the C13H12N2O molecules chains are organized into a double ribbon in the (b,c) plane. The structural components interact by N–H⋯O and O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds, building up a two-dimensional network. The presence of functional groups in the molecular structure is confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirms the presence of the water molecule.

scholarly journals The Preparation, Thermal Properties, and Fire Property of a Phosphorus-Containing Flame-Retardant Styrene Copolymer

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Yazhen Wang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Tianyuan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) acrylate, (6-oxidodibenzo [c,e][1,2] oxaphosphinin-6-yl) methyl acrylate (DOPOAA), has been prepared. Copolymers of styrene (St) and DOPOAA were prepared by emulsion polymerization. The chemical structures of copolymers containing levels of DOPOAA were verified using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal properties and flame-retardant behaviors of DOPO-containing monomers and copolymers were observed using thermogravimetric analysis and micro calorimetry tests. From thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), it was found out that the T5% for decomposition of the copolymer was lower than that of polystyrene (PS), but the residue at 700 °C was higher than that of PS. The results from micro calorimetry (MCC) tests indicated that the rate for the heat release of the copolymer combustion was lower than that for PS. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) for combustion of the copolymer rose with increasing levels of DOPOAA. These data indicate that copolymerization of the phosphorus-containing flame-retardant monomer, DOPOAA, into a PS segment can effectively improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the copolymer.

scholarly journals Polyurethane Composite Foams Synthesized Using Bio-Polyols and Cellulose Filler

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3474
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Uram ◽  
Milena Leszczyńska ◽  
Aleksander Prociak ◽  
Anna Czajka ◽  
Michał Gloc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polyurethane Composite ◽  
Composite Foams ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Rigid polyurethane foams were obtained using two types of renewable raw materials: bio-polyols and a cellulose filler (ARBOCEL® P 4000 X, JRS Rettenmaier, Rosenberg, Germany). A polyurethane system containing 40 wt.% of rapeseed oil-based polyols was modified with the cellulose filler in amounts of 1, 2, and 3 php (per hundred polyols). The cellulose was incorporated into the polyol premix as filler dispersion in a petrochemical polyol made using calenders. The cellulose filler was examined in terms of the degree of crystallinity using the powder X-ray diffraction PXRD -and the presence of bonds by means of the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR. It was found that the addition of the cellulose filler increased the number of cells in the foams in both cross-sections—parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the foam growth—while reducing the sizes of those cells. Additionally, the foams had closed cell contents of more than 90% and initial thermal conductivity coefficients of 24.8 mW/m∙K. The insulation materials were dimensionally stable, especially at temperatures close to 0 °C, which qualifies them for use as insulation at low temperatures.

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