The use of chitosan as a skin-regeneration agent in burns injuries: A review

Abstract Chitosan is an amino-polysaccharide, traditionally obtained by the partial deacetylation of chitin from exoskeletons of crustaceans. Properties such as biocompatibility, hemostasis, and the ability to absorb physiological fluids are attributed to this biopolymer. Chitosan’s biological properties are regulated by its origin, polymerization degree, and molecular weight. In addition, it possesses antibacterial and antifungal activities. It also has been used to prepare films, hydrogels, coatings, nanofibers, and absorbent sponges, all utilized for the healing of skin wounds. In in vivo studies with second-degree burns, healing has been achieved in at least 80% of the cases between the ninth and twelfth day of treatment with chitosan coatings. The crucial steps in the treatment of severe burns are the early excision of damaged tissue and adequate coverage to minimize the risk of infection. So far, partial-thickness autografting is considered the gold standard for the treatment of full-thickness burns. However, the limitations of donor sites have led to the development of skin substitutes. Therefore, the need for an appropriate dermal equivalent that functions as a regeneration template for the growth and deposition of new skin tissue has been recognized. This review describes the properties of chitosan that validate its potential in the treatment of skin burns.

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SEA CUCUMBER AS ANTICANCER AGENTS AND ITS DEVELOPMENT FOR FUNCTIONAL FOOD PRODUCTS

SQUALEN Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology ◽

10.15578/squalen.v9i2.96 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 85 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sherly Ridhowati ◽

Fransiska Rungkat Zakaria ◽

Dahrul Syah ◽

Ekowati Chasanah

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Functional Food ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Potential Health ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Indonesia is popularly known as sea cucumber (teripang) exporter in the form of dried teripang. Commonly known as beche-de-mer or gamat, sea cucumber has long been used as medicine and food by Asian and Middle East people. Recent study has shown that sea cucumbers contain active compounds that show potential health benefits and other biological properties such as antibacterial and antifungal products, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, immuno modulation, inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis. It was reported that sea cucumber posses aphrodisiacs, potentially improve immunity, anticancer and anticoagulation. Sea cucumber is also rich in collagen as a component of connective tissue which can further be converted into smaller molecule and act as bioactive substances. This review presents the potential of sea cucumber as a functional food especially to prevent cancer and strategy to develop sea cucumber-based functional food by enzymatic hydrolysis and in vivo study.

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Synthesis, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Hybrid Molecules Based on Alzheimer Disease Drugs and Bearing an Amino Acid Fragment

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/ecsoc-23-06602 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Radoslav Chayrov ◽

Aleksandra Tencheva ◽

Hristina Sbirkova-Dimitrova ◽

Boris Shivachev ◽

Anna Kujumdzieva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Biological Properties ◽

X Ray ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Acid Fragment ◽

Hybrid Molecules ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

The objective of the current study was to develop novel compounds–memantine derivatives with antimicrobial activity designed for application in treatment of bacterial and fungal infections in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. To realize this objective, a series of six memantine hybrid molecules were synthesized, characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, X-ray, and tested for their biological properties as anti-Alzheimer agents and their antimicrobial potential.

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Evaluation of In vitro Antimicrobial and In vivo Cytotoxic Properties of Peroxo Coordination Complexes of Mg(II), Mn(II), Fe(II) & Ni(II)

Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujps.v3i1.184 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kudrat E Zahan ◽

MD. Shamin Hossain ◽

Shuranjan Sarkar ◽

Md. Mukhlesur Rahman ◽

Md. Akhter Farooque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Full Text ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Coordination Complexes ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Six newly synthesized nickel peroxo coordination complexes, [Mg2(2-ap)2(O2)(OH), A], [Mn(2-ap) (ED)(O2), B], [Fe(2-ab)(ED)(O2), C], [Fe(2-ap)(ED)(O2), D], [Ni2(2-ab)2(O2)(OH), E] and [Ni2(2-ap)2(O2)(OH), F] showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these compounds were found in the range of 8-128 µg/ml. Among these compounds, F showed maximum cytotoxicity (LC50 = 3.62 µg/ml) in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Key words: Peroxo coordination complexes; Antimicrobial activity; antifungal activity; cytotoxic activity. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.3(1-2) 2004 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

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Identification and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides From Butterflies: An Integrated Bioinformatics and Experimental Study

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.720381 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Min Wang ◽

Ziyue Zhou ◽

Simin Li ◽

Wei Zhu ◽

Xianda Hu

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Peptides ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Future Research ◽

Nucleic Acid Binding ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Biophysical Changes

Butterflies represent one of the largest animal groups on Earth, yet antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of this group are less studied in comparison with their moth counterparts. This study employed an integrated bioinformatics approach to survey natural AMPs from publicly available genomic datasets. Numerous AMPs, including cecropins, defensins, and moricins, were identified and subsequently used as templates for the design of a series of synthetic AMPs that mimicked the naturally occurring sequences. Despite differing biological effects among the various sequences, the synthetic AMPs exhibited potent antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro and in vivo, without inducing hemolysis, which implied their therapeutic potential in infectious diseases. Electron and confocal fluorescence microscopies revealed that the AMPs induced distinct morphological and biophysical changes on microbial cell membranes and nuclei, suggesting that the antimicrobial effects were related to a mechanism of membrane penetration and nucleic acid binding by the peptides. In conclusion, this study not only offers insights into butterfly AMPs but also provides a practical strategy for high-throughput natural AMP discoveries that will have implications for future research in this area.

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Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of nalidixic acid and their copper complexes

10.31221/osf.io/g7mx8 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Nalidixic Acid ◽

Copper Complexes ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Bidentate Coordination ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Elemental Analyses ◽

Oxadiazole Derivatives ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Derivatives Of ◽

Substituted 1

A series of novel 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole analogues was synthesized from cyclization of hydrazones of substituted 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbohydrazides were prepared from nalidixic acid. The structures of synthesized oxadiazole derivatives and their copper complexes were elucidated on the basis of FTIR, elemental analyses, 1H-NMR and atomic absorption spectral analysis. It was observed from spectral data that metal ligand ratio was 1:1 in all copper complexes and they were bidentate, coordination was found to be done through oxygen of 4-oxo group and nitrogen of oxadiazole ring. The synthesized compounds were further evaluated with biological activities and compared with parent hydrazones. Copper complexes possess antibacterial and antifungal activities better than the oxadiazoles while they have better antioxidant activity then copper complexes. Parent hydrazones were better in all biological activities than synthesized oxadiazoles.

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Nanodrugs as a new approach in therapy of cardiovascular diseases and cancer with tumor-associated angiogenesis

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867328666201231121704 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Justyna Hajtuch ◽

Karolina Niska ◽

Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Comprehensive Information ◽

Conventional Drug ◽

Key Factor ◽

Functionalized Materials

Background: Cancer along with cardiovascular diseases are globally defined as leading causes of death. Importantly, some risk factors are common to these diseases. The process of angiogenesis and platelets aggregation are observed in cancer development and progression. In recent years, studies have been conducted on nanodrugs in these diseases that have provided important information on the biological and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles. Their attractive features are that they are made of biocompatible, well-characterized and easily functionalized materials. Unlike conventional drug delivery, sustained and controlled drug release can be obtained by using nanomaterials. Methods: In this article, we review the latest research to provide comprehensive information on nanoparticle-based drugs for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease associated with abnormal haemostasis, and the inhibition of tumorassociated angiogenesis. Results: The results of the analysis of data based on nanoparticles with drugs confirm their improved pharmaceutical and biological properties, which gives promising antiplatelet, anticoagulant and antiangiogenic effects. Moreover, the review included in vitro, in vivo research and presented nanodrugs with chemotherapeutics approved by Food and Drug Administration. Conclusion: By the optimization of nanoparticles size and surface properties, nanotechnology are able to deliver drugs with enhanced bioavailability in treatment of cardiovascular disease, cancer and inhibition of cancer-related angiogenesis. Thus, nanotechnology can improve the therapeutic efficacy of the drug, but there is a need for a better understanding of the nanodrugs interaction in the human body, because this is a key factor in the success of potential nanotherapeutics.

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Substituted 4-Formyl-2H-chromen-2-ones: Their Reaction with N-(2,3,4,6-Tetra-Oacetyl- β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Their Thiosemicarbazone Products

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272824999200812132256 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (19) ◽

pp. 2272-2282

Author(s):

Vu Ngoc Toan ◽

Nguyen Minh Tri ◽

Nguyen Dinh Thanh

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Selenium Dioxide ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽

E Coli ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Alkyl Ethers ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Several 6- and 7-alkoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-4-carbaldehydes were prepared from corresponding alkyl ethers of 6- and 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-2-ones by oxidation using selenium dioxide. 6- and 7-Alkoxy-4-methyl-2H-chromenes were obtained with yields of 57-85%. Corresponding 4-carbaldehyde derivatives were prepared with yields of 41-67%. Thiosemicarbazones of these aldehydes with D-galactose moiety were synthesized by reaction of these aldehydes with N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-Dgalactopyranosyl) thiosemicarbazide with yields of 62-74%. These thiosemicarbazones were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro against bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and fungi, such as Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans. Several compounds exhibited strong inhibitory activity with MIC values of 0.78- 1.56 μM, including 8a (against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans), 8d (against E. coli and A. niger), 9a (against S. aureus), and 9c (against S. aureus and C. albicans).

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Tamarix articulata (T. articulata) - An Important Halophytic Medicinal Plant with Potential Pharmacological Properties

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201020666190318120103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 285-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan ◽

Bilal Rah

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Model ◽

Drug Candidate ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Pharmacological Properties

Background:Tamarix Articulata (T. articulata), commonly known as Tamarisk or Athal in Arabic region, belongs to the Tamaricaece species. It is an important halophytic medicinal plant and a good source of polyphenolic phytochemical(s). In traditional medicines, T. articulata extract is commonly used, either singly or in combination with other plant extracts against different ailments since ancient times.Methods:Electronic database survey via Pubmed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scopus and Science Direct were used to review the scientific inputs until October 2018, by searching appropriate keywords. Literature related to pharmacological activities of T. articulata, Tamarix species, phytochemical analysis of T. articulata, biological activities of T. articulata extracts. All of these terms were used to search the scientific literature associated with T. articulata; the dosage of extract, route of administration, extract type, and in-vitro and in-vivo model.Results:Numerous reports revealed that T. articulata contains a wide spectrum of phytochemical(s), which enables it to have a wide window of biological properties. Owing to the presence of high content of phytochemical compounds like polyphenolics and flavonoids, T. articulata is a potential source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. In view of these pharmacological properties, T. articulata could be a potential drug candidate to treat various clinical conditions including cancer in the near future.Conclusion:In this review, the spectrum of phytochemical(s) has been summarized for their pharmacological properties and the mechanisms of action, and the possible potential therapeutic applications of this plant against various diseases discussed.

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Synthesis & Anticancer Evaluation of New Substituted 2-(3,4- Dimethoxyphenyl)benzazoles

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406414666180711130012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 287-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cigdem Karaaslan ◽

Yalcin Duydu ◽

Aylin Ustundag ◽

Can O. Yalcin ◽

Banu Kaskatepe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hela Cells ◽

Parp Inhibitor ◽

A549 Cells ◽

Human Tumor ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Sodium Metabisulfite ◽

Human Tumor Cell Lines ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Mitotic Inhibitor

Background: The benzazole nucleus is found in many promising small molecules such as anticancer and antibacterial agents. Bendamustine (Alkylating agent), Nocodazole (Mitotic inhibitor), Veliparib (PARP inhibitor), and Glasdegib (SMO inhibitor) are being clinically used as anticancer therapeutic which bear benzimidazole moiety. Based on the principle of bioisosterism, in the present work, 23 compounds belonging to 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)benzazoles and imidazopyridine series were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Objective: A series of new 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-benz(or pyrido)azoles were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Method: N-(5-chloro-2-hdroxyphenyl)-3,4-dimethoxybenzamide 1, was obtained by the amidation of 2-hydroxy-5-chloroaniline with 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid by using 1,1&'-carbonyldiimidazole. Cyclization of 1 to benzoxazole derivative 2, was achieved by p-toluenesulfonic acid. Other 1H-benz(or pyrido)azoles were prepared by the reaction between 2-aminothiophenol, ophenylenediamine, o-pyridinediamine with sodium metabisulfite adduct of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde. The NMR assignments of the dimethoxy groups were established by the NOESY spectra. Results: Compound 12, bearing two chlorine atoms at the 5(4) and 7(6) positions of the benzene moiety of benzimidazole was found the most potent analogue against A549 cells with the GI50 value of 1.5 μg/mL. Moreover, 24 showed remarkable cell growth inhibition against MCF-7 and HeLa cells with the GI50 values of 7 and 5.5 μg/mL, respectively. The synthesized compounds have no important antibacterial and antifungal activities. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the introduction of di-chloro atoms at the phenyl ring of 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazoles increases significant cytotoxicity to selected human tumor cell lines in comparison to other all benzazoles synthesized. Unsubstituted 2-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)-imidazopyridines also gave good inhibitory profile against A549 and HeLa cells.

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Neuropharmacological Screening of Chiral and Non-chiral Phthalimide- Containing Compounds in Mice: in vivo and in silico Experiments

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406414666180525082038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 102-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carolina Campos-Rodríguez ◽

José G. Trujillo-Ferrara ◽

Ameyali Alvarez-Guerra ◽

Irán M. Cumbres Vargas ◽

Roberto I. Cuevas-Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

In Silico ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Chiral Molecules ◽

Chiral Compounds ◽

Plus Maze ◽

In Silico Studies ◽

The Central Nervous System

Background: Thalidomide, the first synthesized phthalimide, has demonstrated sedative- hypnotic and antiepileptic effects on the central nervous system. N-substituted phthalimides have an interesting chemical structure that confers important biological properties. Objective: Non-chiral (ortho and para bis-isoindoline-1,3-dione, phthaloylglycine) and chiral phthalimides (N-substituted with aspartate or glutamate) were synthesized and the sedative, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects were tested. Method: Homology modeling and molecular docking were employed to predict recognition of the analogues by hNMDA and mGlu receptors. The neuropharmacological activity was tested with the open field test and elevated plus maze (EPM). The compounds were tested in mouse models of acute convulsions induced either by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ; 90 mg/kg) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 10 mg/kg). Results: The ortho and para non-chiral compounds at 562.3 and 316 mg/kg, respectively, decreased locomotor activity. Contrarily, the chiral compounds produced excitatory effects. Increased locomotor activity was found with S-TGLU and R-TGLU at 100, 316 and 562.3 mg/kg, and S-TASP at 316 and 562.3 mg/kg. These molecules showed no activity in the EPM test or PTZ model. In the 4-AP model, however, S-TGLU (237.1, 316 and 421.7 mg/kg) as well as S-TASP and R-TASP (316 mg/kg) lowered the convulsive and death rate. Conclusion: The chiral compounds exhibited a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist profile and the non-chiral molecules possessed selective sedative properties. The NMDAR exhibited stereoselectivity for S-TGLU while it is not a preference for the aspartic derivatives. The results appear to be supported by the in silico studies, which evidenced a high affinity of phthalimides for the hNMDAR and mGluR type 1.

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